CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION. INTRODUCTION
B. Suggestions
Based on the result of data analysis and the conclusion above, the researcher put forward to suggestion as follows:
1. It is suggested for the English teachers to use Flowchart Method as a strategy in learning process to improve writing ability of students.
2. It is suggested for the English teachers to find some new ways those can prevent the problems usually appear during the teaching English process, especially related with the students’ interest in learning and their interest to improve their writing performance. It is aim to creating effective and good classroom atmosphere.
3. The materials of writing should be appropriate with the students’ environment, in order to make them easy to express their ideas.
4. The students should be stimulated in writing trough Flowchart Method as one way to improve their writing ability.
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No. Nama Siswa A F Jumlah Score Classification
1 AB01 4,8 4 8,8 44.44 Fair
2 AB02 6,11 5 11,11 55.56 Fair
3 AB03 3,8 4 7,8 38.89 Poor
4 AB04 3,6 3 6,6 33.33 Poor
5 AB05 4,8 4 8,8 44.44 Fair
6 AB06 5 5 10 50.00 Fair
7 AB07 6,2 6 12,2 61.11 Good
8 AB08 6,11 5 11,11 55.56 Fair
9 AB09 3,3 3,3 6,6 33.33 Poor
10 AB010 2,4 2 4,4 22.22 Poor
11 AB11 5 5 10 50.00 Fair
12 AB12 2,55 3 5,55 27.78 Poor
13 AB13 4,8 4 8,8 44.44 Fair
14 AB14 4,59 3,2 7,79 38.89 Poor
15 AB15 4,59 3,2 7,79 38.89 Poor
16 AB16 4,8 4 8,8 44.44 Fair
17 AB17 5,11 6 11,11 55.56 Fair
18 AB18 6 4 10 50.00 Fair
19 AB19 3,79 4 7,79 38.89 Poor
20 AB20 7,2 5 12,2 61.11 Good
21 AB21 3,6 3 6,6 33.33 Poor
22 AB22 2,55 3 5,55 27.78 Poor
23 AB23 4,88 4 7,8 44.44 Fair
24 AB24 2,55 3 5,55 27.78 Poor
25 AB25 4,8 3 7,8 38.89 Poor
26 AB26 4,8 3 7,8 38.89 Poor
27 AB27 5 5 10 50.00 Fair
28 AB28 3,8 4 7,8 38.89 Poor
29 AB29 7,44 7 14,44 72.22 Good
30 AB30 5,11 6 11,11 55.56 Fair
No. Nama siswa A F Jumlah Score Classification
1 AB01 6,22 6 12,22 61.11 Good
2 AB02 7,44 7 14,44 72.22 Good
3 AB03 8,66 8 16,66 83.33 Very Good
4 AB04 8,55 7 15,55 77.78 Good
5 AB05 7,33 6 13,33 66.67 Good
6 AB06 8,55 7 15,55 77.78 Good
7 AB07 7,33 6 13,33 66.67 Good
8 AB08 8,55 7 15,55 77.78 Good
9 AB09 5 5 10 50 Fair
10 AB10 6,22 6 12,22 61.11 Good
11 AB11 7,44 7 14,44 72.22 Good
12 AB12 8,55 7 15,55 77.78 Good
13 AB13 8,55 7 15,55 77.78 Good
14 AB14 7,33 6 13,33 66.67 Good
15 AB15 7,44 7 14,44 72.22 Good
16 AB16 8,55 7 15,55 77.78 Good
17 AB17 7,33 6 13,33 66.67 Good
18 AB18 6,22 6 12,22 61.11 Good
19 AB19 6,22 6 12,22 61.11 Good
20 AB20 8,66 8 16,66 83.33 Very Good
21 AB21 7,33 6 13,33 66.67 Good
22 AB22 6,22 6 12,22 61.11 Good
23 AB23 6,22 6 12,22 61.11 Good
24 AB24 6,11 5 11,11 55.56 Fair
25 AB25 5 5 10 50 Fair
26 AB26 6,11 5 11,11 55.56 Fair
27 AB27 6,22 6 12.22 61.11 Good
28 AB28 6,22 6 12,22 61.11 Good
29 AB29 8,55 7 15,5 77.78 Good
30 AB30 7,44 7 14,4 72.22 Good
N x
x
Where:
x = mean score
∑x = the sum of all scores = 139 N = the number of student = 30 X = 139
30
= 4,63 b. Organization
N
x
x
Where:
x = mean score
∑x = the sum of all scores = 123,3 N = the number of student = 30 X = 123,3
30
= 4,12
a. Vocabulary
N
x
x
Where:
x = mean score
∑x = the sum of all scores = 214,82 N = the number of student = 30 X = 214,82
30
= 7,1 b. Organization
N
x
x
Where:
x = mean score
∑x = the sum of all scores = 191 N = the number of student = 30 X = 191
30
= 6,36
N x
x
Where:
x = mean score
∑x = the sum of all scores = 1316 N = the number of student = 30 X = 1316
30
= 43,87 The mean score of pre-test is 43,87
APPENDIX G
The Mean Score of Post-test Mean Score
N x
x
Where:
x = mean score
∑x = the sum of all scores = 2033 N = the number of student = 30 X = 2033
30
= 67,77 The mean score of post-test is 67,77 APPENDIX G
𝐷̅= ∑𝐷
𝑁 = 716,69
30 = 23,89 𝑡 = 𝐷̅
√∑𝐷2−(∑𝐷)2 𝑁(𝑁 − 1)𝑁
𝑡 = 23,89
√21019,81 −(716,69)2 30(30 − 1)30
𝑡 = 23,89
√21019,81 −513644,55 30(29) 30
𝑡 = 23,89
√21019,81 − 17121,48 870
𝑡 = 23,89
√3898,33 870
𝑡 = 23,89
√4,48
𝑡 = 21.3 2,11 𝑡 = 11,32
1 44.44 61,11 1974.91 3734.43 16.67 277.8889
2 55.56 72,22 3086.91 5215.73 16.66 277.5556
3 38.89 83,33 1512.43 6943.89 44.44 1974.9136
4 33.33 77,78 1110.89 6049.73 44.45 1975.8025
5 44.44 66,67 1974.91 4444.89 22.23 494.1729
6 50 77,78 2500.00 6049.73 27.78 771.7284
7 61,11 66,67 3734.43 4444.89 5.56 30.9136
8 55,56 77,78 3086.91 6049.73 22.22 493.7284
9 33,33 50 1110.89 2500.00 16.67 277.8889
10 22,22 61,11 493.73 3734.43 38.89 1512.4321
`11 50 72,22 2500.00 5215.73 22.22 493.7284
12 27,78 77,78 771.73 6049.73 50.00 2500
13 44,44 77,78 1974.91 6049.73 33.34 1111.5556
14 38,89 66,67 1512.43 4444.89 27.78 771.7284
15 38,89 72,22 1512.43 5215.73 33.33 1110.8889
16 44,44 77,78 1974.91 6049.73 33.34 1111.5556
17 55,56 66,67 3086.91 4444.89 11.11 123.4321
18 50 61,11 2500.00 3734.43 11.11 123.4321
`19 38,89 61,11 1512.43 3734.43 22.22 493.7284
20 61,11 83,33 3734.43 6943.89 22.22 493.7284
21 33,33 66,67 1110.89 4444.89 33.34 1111.5556
22 27,78 61,11 771.73 3734.43 33.33 1110.8889
23 44,44 61,11 1974.91 3734.43 16.67 277.8889
24 27,78 55,56 771.73 3086.91 27.78 771.7284
25 38,89 50 1512.43 2500.00 11.11 123.4321
26 38,89 55,56 1512.43 3086.91 16.67 277.8889
27 50 61,11 2500.00 3734.43 11.11 123.4321
28 38,89 61,11 1512.43 3734.43 22.22 493.7284
29 72,22 77,78 5215.73 6049.73 5.56 30.9136
30 55,56 72,22 3086.91 5215.73 16.66 277.5556
sum ∑x1=
1316,66
∑x2=
2033,35
∑x12= 61635.42
∑x22= 140372.52
∑x2-x1=
716.69
∑(D)2= 21019.8153
df .20 .10 .05 .02 .01 .001 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 40 60 120
∞
3. 078 1. 886 1. 638 1. 533 1. 476 1. 440 1. 415 1. 397 1. 383 1. 372 1. 363 1. 356 1. 350 1. 345 1. 341 1. 337 1. 333 1. 330 1. 328 1. 325 1. 323 1. 321 1. 319 1. 318 1. 316 1. 315 1. 314 1. 313 1. 311 1. 310 1. 303 1. 296 1. 289 1. 282
6. 314 2. 920 2. 353 2. 132 2. 015 1. 943 1. 895 1. 860 1. 833 1. 812 1. 796 1. 782 1. 771 1. 761 1. 753 1. 746 1. 740 1. 734 1. 729 1. 725 1. 721 1. 717 1. 714 1. 711 1. 708 1. 706 1. 703 1. 701 1. 699 1. 697 1. 684 1. 671 1. 658 1. 645
12. 706 4. 303 3. 182 2. 776 2. 571 2. 447 2. 365 2. 306 2. 262 2. 228 2. 201 2. 179 2. 160 2. 145 2. 131 2. 120 2. 110 2. 101 2. 093 2. 086 2. 080 2. 074 2. 069 2. 064 2. 060 2. 056 2. 052 2. 048 2. 045 2. 042 2. 021 2. 000 1. 980 1. 960
31. 821 6. 965 4. 541 3. 747 3. 365 3. 143 2. 998 2. 896 2. 821 2. 764 2. 718 2. 681 2. 650 2. 624 2. 602 2. 583 2. 567 2. 552 2. 539 2. 528 2. 518 2. 508 2. 500 2. 492 2. 485 2. 479 2. 473 2. 467 2. 462 2. 457 2. 423 2. 390 2. 358 2. 326
63. 657 9. 925 5. 841 4. 604 4. 032 3. 707 3. 499 3. 355 3. 250 3. 169 3. 106 3. 055 3. 012 2. 977 2. 947 2. 921 2. 898 2. 878 2. 861 2. 845 2. 831 2. 819 2. 807 2. 797 2. 787 2. 779 2. 771 2. 763 2. 756 2. 750 2. 704 2. 660 2. 617 2. 576
636. 619 31. 598 12. 941 8. 610 6. 859 5. 959 5. 405 5. 041 4. 781 4. 587 4. 437 4. 318 4. 221 4. 140 4. 073 4. 015 3. 965 3. 922 3. 883 3. 850 3. 819 3. 792 3. 767 3. 745 3. 725 3. 707 3. 690 3. 674 3. 659 3. 646 3. 551 3. 460 3. 373 3. 291
even used to plan stages of a project. The flowchart is a visual representation of the square of the content of your plan (Parr, 2006:24).
According to Steven (2005:56) Programmers use flowchart to plan their programs before write them. A flowchart is a picture to show how to do something. It shows all the necessary steps.
When a programmer writes a computer program, it must be very specific. It must include all the steps of a process. A flowchart helps programmers to organize their thinking.
Tugas siswa:
Buatlah sebuah paragraf narative sesuai dengan diagram flowchart di atas!
The Legend of Lake Batur Kbo Iwo lived in Bali island, destroyer as well as a creator.
Kwo Ibo wild with great anger, destroyed anything in his village.
The Balinese make a plan to oppose the giant.
The giant rebuild the the house and temples he had destroyed.
And dig a deep hole
He had eaten too much, he fell asleep in the hole..
The villagers throw the
limestone and made the water inside the hole boiling.
The water overflowed and formed Lake Batur .
Tugas siswa:
Buatlah sebuah paragraf narative sesuai dengan diagram flowchart di atas!
Collin Caterpillar and Sylvia Snail were crawling.
Collin: Isn’t the world big?; Sylvia: it is enermous
They spent that morning to collecting the tiniest thing
Sylvia wanted to challenge all that.
Sylvia got a drawing pin, paper clip, a pin, a needle
Collin got a crumb, feather, a peanut
Now they are not the smallestt hing in the world
A girl called cinderella
She had rude stepsisters
Cinderella danced with the prince
Cindrella and The Prince lived happily ever after Tugas Siswa :
Make a narrative paragraph entitle “Cinderella”.
Treatment Pertemuan I Materi ajar
Definition of Paragraph The notion paragraph can be defined as the following definition. Oshima in Kuswandi (1981:6) stated that is a paragraph is a group of related statements that a writer develops about a subject. The first sentence states the specific point, or idea, of the topic.
Definition of Narrative Paragraph
A Narrative is a story. A Narrative paragraph is paragraph- length story it may be the story about you or something that has happened to you or it may be story in which you are not directly involved. Narrative can be based on an actual experience, it can be total imaginary, or it can be mixture of both reality and imagination. In any case, a narrative is account of events told in such way that the reader shares the writer’s experience. A Narrative Paragraph begins with a general statement like topic sentence- that tells the reader what the story will be about.