Water Separation
3.5 Summary and Perspective
neglected but is very important for building up a theoretical direction for designing high-performance membranes.
● Fourthly, during the separation process of emulsified oil/water mixtures by superwetting membranes, oil droplets will more or less block the membrane pores and lead to the loss of the superwetting property and a quick decline of separation flux and efficiency. Surfactants or other soluble contaminants in the emulsified oily water can be absorbed onto membrane surface and lead to this problem, too. and the higher the separation flux is, the more serious this fouling issue is. at the same time, removing these fouling contaminants during the separation pro- cess is a very important barrier we must solve.
We believe the realization process of practical and large-scale treatment of real oily water is only at an early stage. these as-reported superwetting nanomaterials are a good beginning for the realization of mass-producing stable and durable superwetting materials for the large-scale treatment of real oily water.
Future works can be focused on the following major works.
● Firstly, people should develop separation materials which process superwetting property not only on the outer surface but also inside inner part. or people should develop enough stable and robust surface structures to ensure the durability of the separation materials.
● Secondly, underwater superoleophilic membranes even for high-viscos- ity oils like crude oil and heavy oil should be developed for the separa- tion of emulsified oily water from oil spills.
● thirdly, more attention should be focused on how the oil droplets demulsify and coalesce together at membrane surfaces during the sep- aration process.
● Fourthly, superwetting separation membranes or films with self-clean- ing ability should be developed to synchronously removing the fouling contaminants including oil droplets and surfactants during the separa- tion process.
● Fifthly, inexpensive and easily scaled-up fabrication methods to obtain these superwetting nanomaterials should be developed for mass production.
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91 RSC Smart Materials No. 20
Smart Materials for Advanced Environmental Applications Edited by Peng Wang
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016
Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, www.rsc.org
Chapter 4
Responsive Particle-Stabilized Emulsions: Formation and
Applications
Man-hin KwoK
aand to ngai*
a,badepartment of Chemistry, the Chinese University of hong Kong, Shatin, n. t., hong Kong, China; bthe Chinese University of hong Kong Shenzhen research institute, Shenzhen, 518057, pr China
*e-mail: [email protected]