Technique of Data Analyzing - using numbered heads together strategy to improve

CHAPTER III.RESEARCH METHOD

F. Technique of Data Analyzing

In analyzing the data that was collected through the pre-test and post-test, the researcher used the procedures as follow:

1. Classifying the score of the students’ answer into following measurement:

Table 3.1 Classification of Speaking (Self Confident)

Score Classification Point Criteria

96-100 Excellent 7 Speaks with very little hesitation that does not interfere with communication

86-95 Very good 6 Speaks with little hesitation that does not interfere with communication

76-85 good 5 Speaks with some hesitation that does

not interfere with communication

66-75 Fairly good 4 Speaks with much hesitation that does interfere with communication

56-65 Fairly 3 Speaks with much hesitation that does not interfere with communication

46-55 Poor 2 Speaks with hesitation that interfere

with communication

0-45 Very poor 1 Speaks with more hesitation that very interfere with communication

Table 3.2Classificationof Speaking(Smoothness)

Score Classification Point Criteria

96-100 Excellent 7 They speak very good effectively and very good of smoothness

86-95 Very good 6 They speak very effectively and good of smoothness

76-85 good 5 They speak good effectively and good

of average

66-75 Fairly good 4 They speak little hasty and little lost smoothness

56-65 Fairly 3 They speak little hasty and little lost smoothness

46-55 poor 2 They speak hasty and something be

lost smoothness

0-45 Very

poor 1 They speak very hasty and lost smoothness

2. To calculate the percentage of the students’ score, the formula as follows:

= 100

Where:

P:Rate Percentage

F: Frequency of the correct answer N:The total number of students

(Sudjana in Hamka, 2011).

3. Calculating the values of t-test to indicate the significant of the different between the result of pre-test and post-test by using the formula:

= D

∑ ^{(∑ )}

( )

(Gay, 2006:355) Where:

t: test (test of significant)

D

: mean score (the score different)

(∑ ) : The square of all sums (sum of D score)

∑D: the sum of all squares (sum of D score)

N: number of subjects in particular group (number of students) D: the sum of the score different, it must be got by formula

CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS A. Findings

This chapter presented the findings of the research and discussions. The findings of the research covers with the result of the data collected through the speaking test. In discussion part, the researcher describes the interpretation of the findings.

1. The Improvement of the Students’ Speaking fluency in Term of Self Confident

The improvement of the students’ speaking fluency in terms of self confident at the eight grade of SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara can be seen clearly in the following table:

Table 4.1 The Improvement of the students’ speaking skill in term of self confident

No. Speaking skill Pre-test Post-test

1. Self confident 5.96 7.02

2. Improvement 17.78%

The table 4.1 aboveindicates the significant improvement of the students’

self confident. The mean scores in term ofself confident students’ in the pre test was categorized as Average the score was (5.96). The mean scores of self confident in post-test was categorized asgood or the score was(7.02). It means

that using Numbered Heads Together strategy at SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara on treatment improved the students’ speaking skill in term of self confident.

Graphic 4. 1 The Mean Score and Improvement of the Students’ Speaking Skill in Term of Self Confident

The graphic above shows that there was improvement of the students’ in speaking in term of self confident from pre-test with the mean score was 5.96 to post-test with the mean score was 7.02. So the improvement of pre-test to post- test was 17.78%.

2. The Improvement of Students’ Fluency in speaking skill in term of Smoothness

The implementation of Numbered Heads Together strategy in improving the students’ speakingskill term of smoothnessat the eight grade of SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara can be seen clearly in the following table:

Table 4.2The Improvement the students’ speaking skill in term of Smoothness

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

that using Numbered Heads Together strategy at SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara on treatment improved the students’ speaking skill in term of self confident.

Graphic 4. 1 The Mean Score and Improvement of the Students’ Speaking Skill in Term of Self Confident

2. The Improvement of Students’ Fluency in speaking skill in term of Smoothness

Table 4.2The Improvement the students’ speaking skill in term of Smoothness

Pre- test Post- test improvement 26.2%

that using Numbered Heads Together strategy at SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara on treatment improved the students’ speaking skill in term of self confident.

Graphic 4. 1 The Mean Score and Improvement of the Students’ Speaking Skill in Term of Self Confident

2. The Improvement of Students’ Fluency in speaking skill in term of Smoothness

Table 4.2The Improvement the students’ speaking skill in term of Smoothness

improvement 26.2%

No. Speaking skill Pre-test Post-test

1. Smoothness 5.86 6.67

2. Improvement 13.82%

The table 4.2 above indicates the significant improvement of the students’

smoothness. The mean score in term of smoothness of the students’ in the pre- test was categorized as Average (5.86). The mean score of smoothness in the post-test was categorized as Good or the score was (6.67). It means that using Numbered Heads Together strategy on treatment improved the students’ speaking skill in term of smoothness.

Mean score in pre-test was 5.86, it caused that most of students’ still cannot speak smoothness. Mean score of post-test was 6.67, it was improved from pre-test. Based on the data in pre-test and post-test had happened improvement of students’ speaking skill. The percentage of improvement the students’ in pre-test to post-test was13.82%. It was mean that the implementation of Numbered Heads Together strategy at the eighth grade of SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utaraimproved students’ smoothness in speaking skill.

The students’ result in the pre-test and post-test of the students achievement had improvewhich was 17.78 % in term of self confident and 13.82% in term of smoothness. The data showed that the implementation of Numbered Heads Together strategy at the eighth grade of SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara in speaking improved students’ speaking skill in term of self confident and smoothness.

Graphic 4.2 The Mean Score and Improvement of The Students’ Speaking

skill Term of Smoothness

Graphic above showed that there was improvement of the students in speaking fluency in term of smoothness from pre-test with the mean score was 5.86to post-test with the mean score was 6.67. Post-test score was higher than pre- test score so the improvement of pre-test to post-test was 13.82%. The improvement was significant difference.

It proved that there was significant improvement of students’speaking skill in term of self confident and smoothness using Numbered Heads Together strategy atSMP Negri 3 Polongbngkeng Utara. Based on the result above, we could conclude that the implementation of Numbered Heads Together strategyimproved the students’speaking skill in terms of self confident and smoothness.

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Pre- test

Graphic 4.2 The Mean Score and Improvement of The Students’ Speaking

skill Term of Smoothness

Pre- test Post-test improvement

30.08

Graphic 4.2 The Mean Score and Improvement of The Students’ Speaking

skill Term of Smoothness

improvement 30.08

3. The Significant of Self Confident and Smoothness

The researcher had used t-test analysis on the level of the significance (p) 0,05 with the degree of freedom (df) = N-1, where N = was number of students (24 students) and then the value of t-table was 1.714

The t-test statistical analysis for independent sample was applied. The following table showed the result of t-test calculation.

Table 4.3 The Analysis of The Students’ Improvement

No. Indicator Pre test Post test Improvement

1. Self confident 5.9 7.02 6.46

2. Smoothness 5.8 6.6 6.2

The table 4. 3above showed that t-test value of self confident was greater than t-table value (53> 1.714) and also t-test value of smoothness was greater than t-table value (8.1> 1.714). It means that there was significance difference between the students’ speaking skill before and after researcher used Numbered Heads Together Strategy at SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara. It was showed that the nul hypothesis (H₀) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H₁) was accepted.

B.Discussion

The description of data collected from speaking skill in terms ofself confident and smoothness it was explain in the previous section showed that the students’ speaking skill in self confident and smoothness in speaking was improved. It was supported by mean scores and percentage of the students’ pre- test and post-test result. Based on the finding above, the implementation of

Numbered Heads Together strategy made the students’ have mean score that was higher in speaking skill than before they knowed Numbered Heads Together strategy.

1. The Improvement of Students’Speaking Skill in Term of Self Confident

Speaking skill in term of self confident was about the mental process which made someone strong to do or took action in speaking without action .Kapele and Erika (1987:87). Mira (2011) state that self confident is feeling sure that about one’s ability as he state of feeling sure when people or students’ have able to think well.

In the first meeting when researcher gave pre-test, researcher looked the most of students cannot have self confident with the self. They was gotten difficult to perform in front of the class. It could be seen in the table. 4.1That the students’ speaking achievement in pre-test’s means score was Average, it was 5.95.

After the students had given treatment, mean score in post-test from students had improved to become 6.67. It was higher score than pre-test score. Pre –test to post-test score, there was improvement score of students from low to high by implementing Numbered Heads Together strategy. The improvement percentage showed 17.78% had improved students’ speaking skill viewed from self confident.

2. The Improvement of Students’ Speaking Skill in Term of Smoothness

Smoothness is ability of speaking English through a good clustering and reducing forms Brown (1980). Based on finding above in implementing Numbered Heads Together strategy in the class, the data was collected by the text as explanation in the previous finding section showed that the students’ speaking skill in term of smoothness significantly improvement. It could saw in mean score of pre-test and post-test and also improvement percentage on the table 4.2 and graphic 4.2.

The data on the table 4.2 showed that the score of smoothness improved from 5.86 in pre-test’s mean score to 6.67. After calculating of score between pre-test and post-test score, researcher found that skill of students’ improved which was to be 13.82% from mean score 5.86 in pre-test to 6.67 in post-test. It means that the implementation of Numbered Heads Together strategy at SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara was succes to makethe students’ improve their speaking skill in terms of smoothness.

3. The Significant of Self Confident and Smoothness

After calculating the value t-test analysis then it was compared with t-table value so researcher found that the value of t-test was greater than the t-table value, it means that null hypothesis (H₀) was rejected and alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted because there was difference significant mean score of test that had given by researcher before and after researcher thought speaking skill in term of self confident and smoothness by implementing Numbered Heads Togetherstrategy. Meanwhile, when it was found that the value of t-test was

lower than t-table value, it means that the null hypothesis (H0) was accepted and alternative hypothesis (H₁) was rejected because there was not difference significant mean score of test that had given by researcher before and after researcher thought speaking skill by implementing Numbered Heads Together strategy.

T-test value of self confident was greater than t-table (53> 1.714) and also t-test value of smoothness was greater than t-table 8.1> 1.714). It means that there was significant difference between students’ speaking skill before and after they got Numbered Heads Together strategy from researcher in speaking skill in terms of self confident and smoothness at SMP Negri 3 Polongbangkeng Utara. Then, the data showed that null hypothesis (H0) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H₁) was accepted.

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

This chapter consists of two sections; one is conclusion, which was based on the research findings and the discussions. The other one is suggestion, which was based on the conclusions proposed.

A. Conclusion

Based on the finding and discussion in the previous chapter, the researcher concludedas follows:

Numbered Heads Together strategy improves the students’ speaking skill in term of self confident. It is proved by the result of the statistical analysis at the level of significance 0.05 which indicates that t-test value of generic structurewas greater than the t-tablewhile t-table (53>1.714) Numbered Heads Together strategy improves the students’ speaking skill in term of smoothness. It is proved by the result of the statistical analysis at the level of significance 0.05 which indicates that t-test value of generic structurewas greater than the t-table while t- table (8.1>1.740)

B. Suggestion

Based on the conclusion above, the researcher presents some suggestions as follows:

1. It is recommended for the English teachers that they use Numbered Heads Together strategy to teach speaking skill because it can bring a positive improvement for the students especially in self confident and smoothness.

2. It is suggested for the English teachers to apply Numbered Heads Together strategy as one of the alternative strategy in teaching speaking skill.

3. The students are expected to increase their intensity in learning speaking through Numbered Heads Together strategy.

4. It is suggested that the English teachers maximize for the English speaking skill in giving guidance to the students in learning and teaching speaking process.

5. Future researchers may use experimental research to knowwhether or not the use Numbered Heads Together strategy improving students’ self confident and smoothness. Then, future researchers also may conduct the study on the use Numbered Heads Together strategy to see the effect on the use of it.

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