THE ADVERB

26.

There

is

no change

in the

ending

of

Adverbs.

bonuore beautiful.

(1) Niaraken bonuore

He

sings beautifully (ngwe) graceful.

(2)

Mo

dikekobori

ngwe You

walkgracefully.

54 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

[Bull.162 27.

There

is

only one adverb

of

comparison

—

bori;

and

it

may be arranged

eitherbeforeorafter the

word

that itmodifies.

(1)

Mo

noin bori dr^kebe niara

You

walk

much

quickerthanhe.

ngwon.

(2) Ti noindr6kebebori

mo

ngwon. I walk

much

quickerthan you

—

^{or I}

walk morequicklythan youdo.

(3) Sribibare bori bonuore

mo He

worksmorequicklythan you.

ngwon.

28.

Noun and

Adjective phrases

may be used

as

Adverbs.

(1) Ngubuore ken wait abit

(2) Kororeken borrowawhile

(3) Chi tidro onewhit,awee bit

(4)

Nobe

(Anyadverbialthat denotesintensity)

Niara nannoinchi nobe

He

^is not going"afoot."

(5) Niaramokete ben ngo Bind

him

(ben ngo

—

^{entirely) hand}

and foot.

(6) Kointubu

Head

overheels, upside

down

(7) Chigotare

One

tiny drop

(8) Chinobe __

One

^bit, one^tittle,innocase

Examples

(1)

Nun

noinboridekobe

We

aregoing veryearly (2)

No

ngeyentenondrebonkon Gentlyglidesthestream

(3) Nikianikunkenboridobiin

He

wentoutvery angrily (4)

Mo

fiakare dabd,garetori

You

neverwill

know

one whit

(5)

Mo

fiakarenoinchi nobe

You

arenot going one bit

(6) Noin batoriko, blite doko, ko kira Tread softly, speak low, the old year

bikera nganten. is dying.

(7) Ngubuore ken Waitabit

(8) Kobo-ni-nio

(How

didyoudream?)

Good

morning

(9)

Nan

tore (Never hada dream.)

The

response tothesalutation "Koboninio"

29.

Adverbs modify

Prepositional phrases.

(1) Niaraweneabaretikukuore

He

ranup to

me

ortowardme.

(2) Neabare koboretikon

He

ran

away

fromme.

(3) Tibinikien

mo

kukuorej6tebe_ I

am

going in your direction,

tomorrow.

(4)

Nun janama

kudolo jiy^biti

We

went after the fox uptoitshole.

nuke

komukuo

te.

(5)

Nunankoba

ti kukuore brare

He

stoodbefore (up tome)

me

likea

erere. man.

(6)

Nomani nun

jiy6biti neb6

He

followed us almost toyourplace.

borisi

mo

konti.

(7) Ninianitoroboto

He

sent

them

offto school.

30.

An Adverb always stands

as close as possible to the

word

it modifies.

(1) Niarawe ktintibengrobe biani

He

gave

me

only onedollar.

tie.

(2) Niarawe dubare baliente du

He

fought bravely (up

—

^{right) tothe}

jatakrutewane. war's end.

Alphonse]

GUAYMI GRAMMAR AND DICTIONARY 55

31.

Adverbs

before Prepositions. Prepositionslastin

a

sentence.

biti with, on kuorokri beyond

teta against kroro thus

boreta around te in

nakare cannot boto by, on

menten from (afar) ngobiti against

toni under

Examples ofAdverbswiththeabove-listed Prepositions

(1)

Robo

kanikis6krobu biti

He

caught the rope with both hands.

(2)

Ngo

krijatadrementen; ninibijuen

"From

afar the lowing comes of

guo. ^cattledriven home."

(3) Nibitanunekoreju te Batslivealwaysinhouses.

(4)

Du

nakare dabd, noke; muri6

nun The

boat cannot

make

any headway;

ngobiti. thewind^is againstus.

(5) Noindibitikuketeta

He

is goinghardagainst

my

advice.

(6)

Nun

janamane dotro ngutuoe note

We

went swiftly around the island.

boreta.

(7) Mutdngotodrune jubani kore^tiuyae

A

dark cloud hoveredconstantlyover

bore.

my

soul.

(8) Bokoi dfun neyekongutuoe kuorokri_

The demon

disappeared beyond the

hills.

(9) Niarawe ni se ketaninte kroro kloa

He

held

him

thusby hisbeard.

biti.

(10) Nikrente,nikrenbitita,nikrentoni.

Look

within, look over, look under, gare (gare) tie

mo

koain mor6. I

know

youwillfinditat last.

(11) Torotiwemikani kringutekoin;ne Iput thebookinthebox ontop;

how

a'n' niokringu toni? is it

now

under the box?

32.

When a Verb

^{is in} the

Past

Tense,

add

the suffix

we

to the

Nominative.

33.

When an

action is

done

within the limits of

a

day, use the

Immediate Past

Tense.

Okrichiwe bare Okrichiwedidit (yesterday).

Okrichiweniri Okrichi didit (sometimetoday).

Timiti

kwe He

struck

me

(today).

Timentani

kwe He

struck

me

(yesterday or a

month

34. Participial

Forms. Verbs take

the Auxiliary.

(1) Ti bikenikien I

am

going.

(2) Ti tau bailare I

am

dancing.

(3) Ti tau mrusaire I

am

viewing.

(4)

Mun

namaninoin

You

weregoing.

(5)

Nun

jababanikien

We

wereaboutto go.

CONJUNCTIONS

Conjunctions

join

words:

Ti awane

mo

noin

You

andIare going.

Conjunctions

joinsentences:

Ocho awane Juklibu noin, akua

Ocho

and Juklibu (are) going, but

Okuobu

awane

Kuami

fiannoin.

Okuobu

and

Kuami

(are) not going.

349&63—⁵⁶ 5

56 ^{BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY}

^[Bull.162

USAGE OF CERTAINlWORDS

"Either," "neither," "nor," "or."

Unchi & (or) Olon ^iti dabdnoin EitherUnchiorOlonmustgo.

Unchi

awane

Olon itibe fiakare NeitherUnchinor Olonwill go.

dab^noin.

&.. or

a'n' (hyphenated) and

a'n'_ - (isanabbreviation of'awane)

'kua but (is an abbreviation of "akua")

PECULIAR GUAYMl PHRASES AND MISCELLANEOUS

u dointare restless

d _. _- spleen

doin __ feel

tare pain

Hence, "Just

as I

am ^though

^tossed

about", K6ntibe kroro

ti

d doin

tare.

Literally,

Just

as I

am with an aching

spleen.

Idea:

The

swollen

aching

spleen is indicative of a

man with a

fever.

Noko

ju

ngure ko ngure One who

is versedin all things

fioko talk

ju house

ngure foundation

ko world

ngure foundation

Ni kdnken

outsider,

uncircumcised person

Mot6

tokoni

kena

or

mot6 from

the

beginning

toke.

Drore toke weary

drore tired

toke strike

Nibi noin

ja bitibe

going over

the top, i. e.

dying Jand mukoire bugger

(homosexuality)

Ni

tiwiyere

whore

Godobiin

sex act

by

those

under age

go steal

dobiin temper, passion

Ni

ja

debeye a

shirker

Ko

torore

dawn

Ko nubre

darkness,

chaos

Ni

jiboko the

road watcher

Jibako an

idler

Ni

juturuture

one who connives

Alphonse]

GUAYMI GRAMMAR AND DICTIONARY 57 Ni ngwore

ja

boto

juturuye.. hypocrite

ni person

ngwore face

ja self

boto by

juturuye opposite

Ni

gro biti

one

in authority

ni person

gro handle

biti by (theperson with the handle)

Merenbiti

turtle fishing

Kj-ikuo

a

car

kri atree

kuo a seed

Metre mobe

true afar (aHe)

fise

very

true (not true)

^ bore

true

indeed

(apparently)

fi

kure?

Isit so really?

Bo

6

bore apparently

true

Na

krit

over on

theother side

Diinkuore over yonder — ^a

^little

^way

^off

Bukube

in the twinklingof

an eye