195 工) ,
V. THE FEAR OF THE LORD ACCORD 工 NGTO PAUL
The ro1e of七heAposも1ePau1 in七he estab1ishmenも of Chris七iani七y in七he Greco‑Roman wor1d was second七0もhat of no other figure in the history of Chris七ianity. He was con‑
vinced七ha七 G od had ca11ed him and se七 himaparも primari1yas a preacher and a missionary.~~ 35 However
,
he was a re1igious3
ι 工
bid.3
5 w
i11iam H. P. Ha七ch. The His七ory 0f the Ear1y Church,
11. ~he tife of Pau1. Georgeゴ
rthurBu七七rick;‑
ediおr,
Theι工
n七erpreter'言豆旦互寸
Nashvi1le: Abingdon Press~ 1951),
.V11, ( /
187.
36
七hinker and writer. Pau1's 1e七七ers form a considerab1e parも
of七heNew Tes七amen七. He is七herefore of vi七a1 impor七ance
もo a11 s七uden七s of七heBib1e)6
Pau1's七eachings七owhich we now七urnaffirm "むhe fear of七he Lord."
A. Phi1ippians 2:12‑13:主 主 盟 主 怨 昼 七remb1ing,work ou七 wha七 God has worked in. Phi1ippians expressesもhe joy and happiness wi七hin七he hear七 ofPau1. The Church aも
Phi1ippi had remembered Pau1 wi七h a gifも ofmoney.
工
nもhe mids七 ofPau1's acknow1edgemen七 for七hegif七, he finds opporー
もuni七y七o exhorも七he Phi1ippian be1ievers on beha1f of七heir Chris七ian 1iving. The second chapもer ofもhe 1et七er is con‑
cerned wi七h Chris七ian 1iving. Pau1 appea1ed for七hem七0
七hinkin terms of 0七hers beforeもheyもhought of七hemselves.
They were七o be humb1e like their Masもer. Their salva七ion was七o be comp1e七edand七o be seen of 0もhers. Thus
,
Paulsaid:
Therefore, my beloved, even as a1ways you obeyed, not on1y in my presence bu七 inmy ~bfience_as we1l
,
work ou七your own sa1va七ionwi七h~ ear ‑
a o "
oCJ
,
J
_~~~七r7mb1i~g~for i七 is God who works in you .'. .‑(Phi1ippians 2:12‑
13) •
This passage presenもs i七s difficu1七ies in in七erpretaー もion七0 七hemodern mind. To speak abou七 savingyourse1f, and
3
句
artinDibe1ius and Werner Georg Kllmme1, Pau1,もrans.Frank C1arke (Philadelphia: The Westmins七erPress,寸努
3 )
,p. 1.37
七hen
,
being saved by someone e1se in七he same breaもh sounds工
ikedoub1e七a1k. Toもa1kof wha七 has been worked in,
andもhen,七his is七o be worked ou七 1eads七hemodern reader in circ1es. This doub1e七a1k is七heon1y 1anguage in which a11 sides of七hegospe1 can be expressed.37
The ma七七er七ha七 has been worked in is sa1va七ion. The ma七七er乞o be worked ou七 is sa1va七ion. Pau1 speaks of sa1va‑
七ionin七hree七enses: we were saved, we are being saved,
and we sha11 be saved. A Chris七ian shares in someもhingwhich has happened
,
which is happening,
and which wi11 happen.There is a sense in which sa1va七ion is finished and anoもher sense in which sa1va七ion is in process. Sa1va七ionwas
finished by Chrisも whenhe died. Ye七, sa1vaもionis in process by七heHo1y Spiri七 in七he 1ife of七hebe1iever.38
Pau1 is here concerned wi七h七he process of growもh. God gives sa1va七ion in もhegerm, bu七 七he growth is man's
七ask. The be1iever isもowork ouも his sa1va七ion. The salva‑
もionis 七o be comp1eもed. 工七 is もo be carried unもo iもs ful‑
fillmen七. God and七he Chrisもianare working七oge七herfor the ful1 accomp1ishment of sa1vaもion. They are par七ners. This
37Roberも R. Wicks. The Exposition of七heEpis乞leも0 もhePhi1ippian~. George'Ar
百
urBu七七 rick , ed百Õ~J The工
nter‑吉元七er'5 B
些
1e (Nashvil1e: Abingdon Pres 主,工955)~ 支r,-究了一 38Archibald M. Hunもer. 1nもerpre七ingPau1' s Gospel (Phi1adelphia: The Wesもminsじらr Press, 工
95与 ) 了 下 7 ぢ ' 0 : ‑ 一 一 一
3$
imp1ies七ha七七he Chris七ian 1ife is no七 a hermi七 工ife
,
bu七 as七a七e of conscious ac七ivi七y and strugg1e. Scrip七ure a1ways presen七S 七he Chris七ian 1ife as a 1ife of wa七ching
,
of s七rugg1eand of comba七.39
God has begun七hiswork of sa1va七ion in us. Conse‑
quent1y
,
i七 is our七askもowork ou七 un七o its comp1e七ionwha七God has worked in. We are七o carry ou七 七his work of sancti国 fica七ion七hroughour witness
,
our preaching and七eaching,
our1iving and our good works. This is persona1
,
in七haも no one can do i七 forano七her. This command is no七 in opposi七ionto七he七ru七h七hata11 sa1va七ion is七hegifも andwork of God.
工七 has no reference 七o七his. 工七 is an exhorもa七ion七o keep busy in our Chris七ianもask.
工nwha七 spiri七 are Chrisもiansむowork out七heir sa1va‑
七ion? Sa1va七ion is to be worked out in a spiri七 offear and
もremb1ing. 工s七his a fear七hat ens1aves七hemind? 工s i七 a fear七haも causes one七o hide from God or try七o run away from Him? No,もhis is noも a physica1 fear, buも a who1esome
spiri七ua1fear. This fear is a fee1ing七hat is七o accompany obedience. 工も is a 七remb1inganxieもy not 七o fa11 shor芯 of
七he goa1 resu1七ingfrom a sense of our human insufficiency.
工七 is a consciousness 七ha七 a11 depends upon七he power of God.
39 F. B. Meyer
,
Th豆
Epist1e主 2 主 且 豆
Phi1ippians. A. R.Buck1and
,
edi七or,
A Devo瓦iona1 Co即2en七
ary‑(London: The Re1i‑gious Trac七 Socieもy
,
1905),
po 103.39 How carefu1七heChrisもian oughも七o be! Fearfu1 1es七
by work or ac七 七ha七 hewi11 spoi1 orもhwarも God'swork in his 1ife. The work of sa1vation is so very momen七ous,七ha七
i七 is no ma七七erfor indifference. However, もhebe1iever shou1d no七 becomeoverconfidenも inもhe comp1eもion of his sa1va七ion,1es七 hebe七rippedup and fai1.
Can a Chris七iando 1ess七han fear and tremb1e
,
when he knowsもha七 his behavior hasもo pass under the a11‑seeing eye of God, and七o be judged unerring1y, no七 on1yasもo i七s qua1ity bu七 a1so七he quan七iもy? We do noも need七o crouch in a physica1 fear,
for we are in七hehands of a mercifu1 Faもher.Bu七, a11七hemore because he is mercifu1, we shou1d have a
七remb1inganxie七y 1es七 wedo no七 measureup七owha七 he ex‑
pec七s of us. The comp1eもion of sa1va七ion is a work for the accomp1ishment of which a 10ng七ime is needed. We may we11 fear and七remb1ewhen we 七hinkof七he 1i七七1e七ime in 七his 1ife七ha七 is a七 ourdisposa1 for七hisもask.
The hope of sa1va七ion is no七 presen七edas precarious.
I乞 is cer七ain七ha七 Chris七 canand wi11 save. Pau1's idea is
七ha七 onemus七 never10se sense of his weaknesses. This fear is a dis七rus七 of ourse1ves from a consciousness of our own weakness. This is a ho1y fear 1es七 wemis七ake our wi11 for His. This is a dis七rust of se1f wiもh a desire七o serve God.
The K
, Lγp 巳
ι。
υon1ystrengthens七hefear. The七remb1ing is no七七ha七 of七he slave, bu七 of七he chi1d of God.
He is七remb1ing1ya1ive七o a11 his responsibi1iむies and七0
七he fear of dispu七ing God's Ho1y Spiri七.
ι o
工
n surnmary,七hen,God has given sa1va七ion. This sa1‑va七ionwas besもowedby grace. This sa1vaもion is七obe carried ou七 in七o i七s comp1e七ionby七hebe1iever as a co‑worker wiもh God. This fu1fi1lmen七 of sa1va七ion is mo七iva七ed七hrough fear
,
which becomes a conscien七ious cauもion of our behavior and an incenもive七o righ七 acもions. This fear of七heLord is七o promp芯 man七owork ou七 wha七 the Lord has worked in.
B. 1
工
Corinthians己 主 主 主 単 主 主 主 of也 豆 包 且
J com‑己主主主主旦QEerfec七 辺 広 holiness. The re1a七ions of Pau1 wi七h
七he church a七 Corin七h are more fu11y known七hanare his dea1‑
ings
wi
七h any 0七her church he founded. This is knownもhrough七he1eももers七ha七 he wro七e七o Corin七h. We know七haも Pau1 wro七ea七 1eas七 four 1e七七ers七o Corin七h. Firs七 Corin七hians
5 : 9
refers 七o "a 10s七 1e七七er." This eviden七工y inc1uded a s七rong demand七ha七七he Chris七ians separa七e from a11 immor‑七a1i七y and unc1eanness. The pas七ora1 1e七七er‑‑工 Corin七hians‑‑
dea1s
wi
七h prob1ems of fai七h and 1ife which had arisen inもhe vigorous bu七 unstab1e church. "A sもern1eももer"was sen七some七ime 1aもer
,
which sought to s七op七herebe11ion wi七hin七he church agains七 七he 1eadership of Pau1. Then,
"a七hankfu1工e七七er"‑‑工工 Corin七hians‑‑waswriも七en七o express Pau1's joy a七七he七urn of evenもsand七o 1ead七he Corinもhians in七o fu11
品 工
Chris七iandedicaもion.工
t is Pau1's "七hankfu1 1e七七er"七owhich we now inquire for Pau1's addi七iona1七eaching on "もhefear of七heLord" as a mo七iva七ingfacもor in re1igious behavior.Pau1 makes a very persona1 appea1七o his Corinthian friends in
工 工
Corin七hians 6:11‑7:1. He reminds 七hem of his 10ve and joy for七hem. He appea1sもothem七o 1ive separa七ed 1ives in七hiswor1d. This is no七七o be a physica1 separa七ion,
bu七 an e七hica1
,
mora1 and spiri七ua1 separa七ion. Pau1 appea1s七ha七 ifもheywi11 heed七heacimoniもionof七heLord‑‑"Come ouも
from among 七hemand be separa七e"ーーもhen
,
七heLord promises もo be a fa七her七0七hem,
and they,
in reもurn,
wi11 become His sons and daugh七ers.ιoThe firs七 verseof七he seven七h chap七erbe10ngs with
七he preceding secもion. This is one of the conspicuous in‑
s七ances of七he occasiona1 unski1fu1ness in our present divi‑
sions in七o chap七ers and verses. The 0
す
Vc1ear1y connecもS 七his verse七owha七 precedes."Therefore
,
be1oved,
having these promises from God,
1e七 us c1eanse ourse1ves from a11 defi1emen七 of f1esh and
spi
. r
it,
and make our ho1iness perfec七 and comp1e七einもhefearL;O
(dω 1 J
.of 七he Lord"( 工 工
Corinもhians 7:工).
This verse in‑cludes four emphases of progression inもhoughも. The firsも
ιOrr Corinもhians 6:17‑18.
ι 2
emphasis indica七es God's a七七i七udeand promises 七omen. The second gives one side of七he Chris七ian du七y and responsibili‑
七y‑‑the pu七七ingoff. The 七hird emphasis represen七s七he0七her side‑四七he puもtingon. The four七h gives 七hemo七ivaじion for such ac七ion.
God has promised七ha七 Hewi工1 be a Fa七her,a Pro七ec七or and a Friend. God will receive all as a loving
,
all‑caring Paren七. Consequen七工y,if we have a promiseもha七 God will dwell in us,七hen,we should remove from us whaもeveris of‑fensive in his sigh七 . 工f we are七o have God to dwell in us,
we mus七 purifyもhedwelling in which He is going七o live.
This cleansing musも comeboもh in七heflesh and in七he spiri乞.ιl Flesh and spirit make up human naもure.
Wh
en ei七herpar七 is soiled,七hewhole is soiled. Filもhiness of flesh con‑
no七esもhedefiling and corrup七inginfluence of fleshly desires and carnal appe七i七es. Fil七hinessof the spiri七 is desire for revenge, ambi七ion,pride, avarice and wrong七hough七s in
men七alassocia七ions. God's promises are condi七ionedupon
七he cleansing of七heseunclean aspecもs of life. Af七er七he cleansing,じheplace which uncleanness occupied musも be filled wi七h such七hings as will make i七 impossiblefor
41Alfred Plummer
,
A Criもica1and Exe広eticalCommen七ary onも
he Second Epistle 0士宮も.
Paul乞0・ τ
古e Cor・
in七hians. S. R.古
i亨 E F . 寸 了 古 田
uner,andCア
A.τriggs,τdiむors,The工nter‑mtiona1 Critica1 eommentary (New‑Yo比:Char1es Scribner's Sons
,
1915),
p. 211.ι 3
unc1eanness七o return. This is brough七 abouも whenho1iness of 1ife is perfec七edand comp1eted.
Ho1iness is consecra七ion七o God, separation un七o God and a giving of one's en七ire devo七ion to God. Ho1iness is derived from七heHebrew
ω1 i
R., of which七heroo七 signifi‑cance is ffもo separa七e,七o be ho1y, or a sainも." Theもerm mos乞 frequen七工y used in七heNew Tes七amen七七o signify ho1y is
~y~; .
Christians as individua1s who are consecraもed七o God,
are professing Chris七 as Saviour and are sancもifiedbyもhe
, 斗2 Spiri七, are described as "holy.'
There is an ini七ia1 s七agein ho1iness in which re‑
genera七ion七akes p1ace. The conもinua1 s七age of holiness is
七hegrow七h,もhe perfec七ingand the compleもingofもhe ini七ia1 s七age. The con七inua1 s七age of ho1iness must ever be the goa1 of七he Chris七ian.
工
f a Chrisもian is to have God as Faもher,
七hen,an in七ense effor七 musも bepu七 for七hもoacquire a like‑
ness of Him.
Holiness is七obeもhe aim and goa1 of every Chris七ian.
Ho1iness has been commenced in七hehear七. The exhor七aもion of七he apos七1e is七ha七七heywi11 make every effor七七ha七 i七
mighも be comp1e七e in a11 i七s par七s. The fac七七haも no one has been perfec七 does noも re1ax七he c1aim. The facももhaも no one wi11 be perfec七lyho1y in七his life does no七 1essenもhe
4
2Richardson, ♀ 2 ・ ♀ 主 主 ・ ,
p. 215・
与斗
ob1igaもion. No man can be aもrue Chris七ianwho does no七
sincere1y desire and perfec七 ho1iness and who does noも con‑
s七an七1yaim a七 i七.
Wh
a七 isもobe the moもiva七ion forもhis deve10pmer山 of ho1iness? Does 10ve motiva七eour efforも fora righ七 conduc七and behavior in 1ife? 工七 does
,
but Pau1 does no七 use 10ve here. Ho1iness is七obe comp1eもedin fear. This is noも a,
fear of man
,
bu七 a fear of the Lord. The εV has七herigh七 もo mark ei七her七he sphere in which七he perfec七ingof ho1iness七akes p1ace or七hemeans by which iも isaccomp1ished.43 The fear of the Lord is a reverence for his ho1y charac乞er. 工も is a respec七 for his ho1y wi11 and a proper dread 1est we shou1d by disobedience incur his disp1easure.
工七 is a fear 1esも our effor七s in perfec七ingour ho1iness bog down. 工七 is a fear 七ha七 mo七iva七es a constan七 efforも in Chris‑
七ian grow七h. This fear of七he Lord mo七ivates a maximum exer七ion in growing up七o fu11 Chrisもianho1iness.
工n七he pursui七 of spiritua1 puri七y‑‑ho1iness‑ー七here
is もhetime of ge七七ingrid of the wrong and もhe七ime of a七もain‑
ing ofもherigh七. There is七headmonition to c1eanse and七he admoni七ion of inward growもh. The process is to be ac七iva七ed
七hroughもhe proper
,
who1esome fear of七he Lord. This is noもa七errorizingfear
,
but one乞hat inci七esもo performance.ι3P1ummer