CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
2. Validity and Reliability Test
of strongly disagree (SD) has a percentage of 8.7% or 6 respondents.
The table above showed that students who felt low performance and do not psrticipate in activities that can improve my English speaking skills in the new normal era. Supported by the interview session and the result, namely R59 said that:
“Kurang kinerja dan praktik merupakan salah satu penyebab masalah saya dalam pembelajaran speaking, karena faktor lingkungan yang membuat saya merasa kurang nyaman untuk berbicara bahasa inggris(R59, 2021)”
“Lack of performance and practice is one of the causes of my problems in learning English speaking, because enviromental factors that make me feel less comfortable speaking in English. (R59, 2021)”
2. Validity and reliability Test
58
Table 4.3 Validity Test of Y1 for First Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.336 0.237 0.005 Valid
The statement from the first indicator in the Y1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the first indicator of statement items in Y1 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the second indicator (pronunciation) as follows:
Table 4.4 Validity Test of Y1 for Second Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.434 0.237 0.000 Valid
2nd item 0.656 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the second indicator in the Y1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the second indicator of statement items in Y1 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the third indicator (grammar) as follows:
Table 4.5 Validity Test of Y1 for Third Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.508 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the third indicator in the Y1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the third indicator of statement items in Y1 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the fourth indicator (fluency) as follows:
Table 4.6 Validity Test of Y1 for Fourth Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.387 0.237 0.001 Valid
The statement from the fourth indicator in the Y1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the fourth indicator of statement items in Y1 variable given to respondents require.
60
For test the validity of the fifth indicator (comprehention) as follows:
Table 4.7 Validity Test of Y1 for Fifth Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.591 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the fourth indicator in the Y1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the fourth indicator of statement items in Y1 variable given to respondents require.
In addition, the validity for the second variable Y2 (the causes of students' problems) has five indicators, namely fear making mistakes, shyness, lack of confidence, lack of motivation, anxiety.
For test the validity of the first Indicator (fear making mistakes) as follows:
Table 4.8 Validity Test of Y2 for First Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.482 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the first indicator in the Y2 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement
item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the first indicator of statement items in Y2 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the second indicator (shyness) as follows:
Table 4.9 Validity Test of Y2 for Second Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.628 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the second indicator in the Y2 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the second indicator of statement items in Y2 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the third indicator (lack of confidence) as follows:
Table 4.10 Validity Test of Y2 for Third Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Item of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.732 0.237 0.000 Valid
62
The statement from the third indicator in the Y2 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the third indicator of statement items in Y2 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the fourth indicator (lack of motivation) as follows:
Table 4.11 Validity Test of Y2 for Fourth Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.564 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the fourth indicator in the Y2 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the fourth indicator of statement items in Y2 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the fifth indicator (anxiety) as follows:
Table 4.12 Validity Test of Y2 for Fifth Indicator Source: Primary data processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.382 0.237 0.001 Valid
The statement from the fifth indicator in the Y2 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the fifth indicator of statement items in Y2 variable given to respondents require.
In addition, the validity test for the third variable X1 (new normal) has three indicators, namely lack of interaction, lack of consentration and low performance.
For test the validity of the first indicator (lack of interaction) as follows:
Table 4.13 Validity Test of X1 for First Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.467 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the first indicator in the X1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the first indicator of statement items in X1 variable given to respondents require.
64
For test the validity of the second indicator (lack of concentration) as follows:
Table 4.14 Validity Test of X1 for Second Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.413 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the second indicator in the X1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the second indicator of statement items in X1 variable given to respondents require.
For test the validity of the third indicator (low performance) as follows:
Table 4.15 Validity Test of X1 for Third Indicator Source: Primary Data Processed
Items of
indicators r count r table Sig Evidence
1st item 0.706 0.237 0.000 Valid
The statement from the third indicator in the X1 variable can be declared valid. As shown in the table above, because the statement item has r count > r table and sig ≤ α value. As a result, the third indicator of statement items in X1 variable given to respondents require.
b. Reliability Test
Test reliability refers to the extent to which the test is consistent and stable in measuring what it wants to measure. Simply put, It measures the consistency, precision, repeatability, and trustworthiness of a study (Chakrabartty, 2013). In this study, reliability was tested using the Cronbach Alpha statistical test. A variable can be said to be reliable if the alpha value is > 0.60. The alpha level measurement was carried out using the SPSS version 26 program. The output of results as follows:
Table 4.16 Reliability Test Source: Primary Data Processed Cronbach’s
Alpha
Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient
Number of Question Items
Evidence
0.786 0.60 14 Reliable
Based on table above, it can be seen that the results of the Cronbach Alpha value of 0,786 with 14 items statement, the result is greater than the Cronbach Alpha of 0.60. It can be concluded that the measuring instrument in this research is reliable.