The Decision Points 1.5.1.1 Decision Point I
1.7 MODERNIZATION OF THE GLOBAL PHARMACEUTICAL SYSTEMS: REGULATORY STRATEGIES, ROADMAP
1.7.5 World Health Partnerships
The largest world health partnerships are addressing the areas of availabil- ity of treatments through differential pricing, financial support, product donations, surgery, and technology transfer. The building of health care sys- tems, infrastructure of small to medium income countries through devel- opment of physical infrastructure, outreach and medical services, provision of insecticide nets, salt fortification capacity, and training also strengthens healthcare delivery, access and awareness (http:// partnerships.ifpma.org/
pages/ healthpartnerships/5/35/Global- mobilization-aimed-at-saving- lives-of-millions-of-women-and-children). Certain developments of in- novative tools and approaches (http://partnerships.ifpma.org/partnership/
glaxosmithkline-using-mobile-phones-to-tackle-counterfeiting-in-nigeria) have been made possible through world health partnerships. These initia- tives have been brought forward in order to refine scientific knowledge in developing countries and facilitate discovery of new medicines. Prevention/
awareness/outreach addresses areas of malnutrition, neglected and tropical diseases (NTDs), bridging cancer care, and delivering hope. In the areas of R&D there are increasing development endeavors for treatment of NTDs, such as, HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria. There has been pediatric R&D, promotion of innovating funding mechanisms, and expanding research capacity. The details and the participating companies can be found in http://
partnerships.ifpma.org/partnerships/by-type.
A multilateral agreement among governments, inter- and nongovern- mental organizations, private sector companies, universities, and foundations was intended to improve the therapeutic response to HIV/AIDS, malaria, TB, NCDs, NTDs, and those pertaining to women and children’s health.
Case Report: Combating NTDs in Africa
The low- and middle-income countries have been tackling the highest burden of poverty-related neglected infectious diseases worldwide, along with incompetent biomedical and medical research originating from these regions. Some of the reasons have been attributed to lack of public funding
Social Aspects of Drug Discovery, Development and Commercialization 26
for health systems. The feeble and substandard health systems currently un- derpin the debilitating West Africa-wide Ebola outbreak mayhem that has defiled the limited infrastructure and medical tools employed in combating this societal catastrophe.
There has been a considerable influx of funding for clinical research.
For example, European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partner- ship (EDCTP) was established by EU member states and Norway under Article 169 Joint Programme of Activities [23]. The collaboration led to a €400 million investment in research funds for the advancement of clin- ical trials conducted in the developing countries. The major aim of the EDCTP was to expedite the development of promising therapies against the NTDs – HIV/AIDS, malaria, and TB – in developing countries, with a major interest in sub-Saharan Africa, and to promote effectual and promis- ing medical research directed toward these disease areas with a focus on Phase II and III clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa.
A recent report stated that certain limitations are the barriers to creating research capacity in sub-Saharan Africa – mostly lack of understanding of the policy makers and lack of infrastructure. EDCTP intends to offer a window of opportunity toward filling this pharmaceutical gap through international collaboration between African partners, Europe, and the United States, and regional collaboration between African research institutes (http://www.
rand.org/randeurope/research/projects/health-research-sub-saharan- africa.html; http://www.edctp.org/media-centre/news/ announcement/
current-state-of-health-research-on-poverty- related-diseases-in-sub- saharan-africa/).
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