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Rice Farming Income and Financial Feasibility Analysis:
Case of Rice Farmers in Salamrejo Village, Karangan District, Trenggalek Regency, East Java
Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Malang
Jl. Dr. Cipto No. 144 A, Bedali-Lawang, Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia 65200 E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Rice is one of the leading commodities in Salamrejo Village, Karangan District, Trenggalek Regency, East Java. However, one of the main problems faced is that the income of rice farmers is not optimal in meeting household needs. Therefore, research is needed to analyze the problems as mentioned above. This study aims to: 1) Knowing the average income of rice farming per hectare in Salamrejo Village, 2) Knowing the simultaneous and partial effects of land, cost, quantity, price and experience factors on rice farming income in
Salamrejo Village. The research method uses a survey type by using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The research sample was determined using the simple random sampling type of probability sampling method. Data analysis used farming analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that: 1) The average income of rice farming per hectare in Salamrejo Village is Rp 15,562,431 in one growing season, 2) Individually, land has no effect, cost has a negative and significant
effect, quantity has a positive and significant effect, price has a positive and significant effect, and experience has no effect, price has an effect positive and significant, and experience has no effect on rice farming income in Salamrejo village, 3) Taken together on cost, quantity, price and experience have a positive and significant effect on rice farming income in Salamrejo village.
Keywords: Rice, farming, income, financial feasibility
Padi adalah salah satu komoditas unggulan di Desa Salamrejo, Kecamatan Karangan, Kabupaten Trenggalek, Jawa Timur. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi petani di daerah ini adalah pendapatan dari usahatani padi belum mencukupi kebutuhan rumah tangga.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) pendapatan rata-rata usahatani padi di Desa Salamrejo, dan 2) pengaruh simultan dan parsial faktor luas lahan, biaya, kuantitas, harga gabah, dan pen galam a n pet an i dalam b eru sa ha tan i pa di. Pe nelit ian menggunakan metode survei dengan membagikan angket untuk pengumpulan data. Sampel penelitian menggunakan metode probability sampling dengan simple random sampling. Analisis
data menggunakan analisis usahatani dan regresi linier berganda.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan: 1) Pendapatan rata- rata usahatani padi di Desa Salamrejo adalah Rp 15.562.431/ha/
musim tanam; 2) Secara individual, luas lahan tidak berpengaruh, biaya produksi berpengaruh negatif dan nyata, jumlah produksi berpengaruh positif dan nyata, harga gabah berpengaruh positif dan nyata, harga gabah berpengaruh positif dan nyata, pengalaman berusahatani tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan usahatani padi; dan 3) Secara bersama-sama biaya produksi, jumlah produksi, harga gabah, dan pengalaman berusahatani berpengaruh positif dan nyata terhadap pendapatan usahatani padi.
Kata Kunci: Padi, usahatani, pendapatan, kelayakan finansial
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proportional random sampling
.
Net Present Value Internal Rate of Return Payback Period Profitability Index Net Benefit Cost Ratio
total cost
TC = FC x VC Total cost Fix cost Variable cost
total cost
total revenue
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TR = Q x P Total revenue Quantity Price
TR – TC (dibayarkan + diperhitungkan) Profit
Total Revenue Total Cost
TI = TR - TC (dibayarkan) TI = Total Income (pendapatan) TR = Total Revenue (total penerimaan) TC = Total Cost ( total biaya)
Net Present Value Net present value
social opportunity cost of capital discount factor
benefit cost
break event point
2. Internal rate of return Internal rate of return
net present value net present value discount rate
discount rate
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break event point
3. Profitability Index Net Benefit Cost Ratio Profitability Index Net Benefit Cost Ratio
present value present value
benefit cost ratio
break event point
4. Payback Period Payback period
et al
hand sprayer
power tracer,
Tabel 1. Rata-rata biaya usahatani padi di Desa Salamrejo pada MT 2020
Komponen biaya Total luas Total biaya Rata-rata
lahan (Rp) biaya
(ha) (Rp/ha)
Sewa lahan 29,5343 210.973.350 7.143.333 Biaya penyusutan alat 29,5343 27.441.831 929.151
Biaya benih 29,5343 6.202.203 210.000
Biaya pupuk 29,5343 36.964.242 1.251.570
Biaya pestisida 29,5343 21.155.397 716.299 Biaya lain-lain 29,5343 12.743.720 716.299 Biaya irigasi 29,5343 35.700.000 1.208.764 Biaya perontokan 29,5343 7.720.000 261.391 Biaya pengangkutan 29,5343 18.200.000 616.233 Biaya tenaga kerja 29,5343 422.720.000 14.312.850
Total 799.820.742 27.081.080
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tracer
power tracer
combine harvester
implisit et al
et al.
System of Rice Intensification
power tracer power
Tabel 2. Perbandingan penerimaan dan pendapatan usahatani jagung antara pola kemitraan dan nonkemitraan dalam satu musim tanam (per ha) di Kecamatan Sumberpucung Malang, Maret-Mei 2020.
Komponen biaya Total luas Total Rata-
lahan biaya rata
(ha) (Rp) (Rp/ha)
Biaya yang dibayarkan - Sewa lahan milik
orang lain 20,3955 150.040.716 7.356.560
- Biaya benih 29,5343 6.202.203 210.000
- Biaya pupuk 29,5343 36.964.242 1.251.570
- Biaya pestisida 29,5343 21.155.397 716.299 - Biaya lain-lain 29,5343 12.743.720 431.489 - Biaya irigasi 29,5343 35.700.000 1.208.764 - Biaya perontokan 29,5343 7.720.000 261.391 - Biaya pengangkutan 29,5343 18.200.000 616.233 - Biaya tenaga kerja luar
keluarga 29,5343 248.810.000 8.424.442
Total 537.536.278 20.476.748
Biaya yang diperhitung kan - Biaya sewa lahan
milik sendiri 9,139 60.932.633 6.667.465 - Biaya penyusutan alat 29,5343 27.441.831 929.151 - Biaya tenaga kerja
dalam keluarga 29,5343 173.910.00 5.888.4080
Total 262.284.464 13.485.024
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eksplisit
et al
et al.
input output
NPV
Tabel 3. Hasil analisis finansial usahatani padi/ha di Desa Salamrejo pada MT 2020
Analisis Jumlah Ketentuan Keterangan
kelayakan
NPV (15%) Rp 10.861.668 NPV > 1 = Layak
NPV < 1 = Tdk layak Layak IRR 16,97% IRR > i = Layak
IRR < i = Tidak layak
i = 15% Layak
PP 9,87 PP > t usaha = Layak
PP < t usaha = Layak Layak
NBCR 2,24 NBCR > 0 = Layak
NBCR < 0 = Layak Layak
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NPV
Internal Rate of Return
Payback Period
. payback period
net benefit benefit
Y = (-13.861.901) + (-1,010) X2 + 4.903X3 + 2.860X4 + (-9.660) X5
et al.
et al
et al
Tabel 4. Hasil analisis regresi linier berganda pendapatan petani padi di Desa Salamrejo Kecamatan Karangan, Kabupaten Trenggalek, Jawa Timur, MT 2020Variabel Koefisien Standar t-hitung Signifikansi error
Konstanta -13861901.555 2514016.397 -5.514 0,000
Biaya Produksi -1.010 .051 -19.887 0,000
Jumlah Produksi 4903.471 143.478 34.176 0,000
Harga Jual 2859.851 480.254 5.955 0,000
Pengalaman -9660.349 12683.930 1.762 0,449
R2 = 0,974, t-tabel = 1,67, f-hitung = 721.263, f-tabel = 2,33 (sig. 0,000), α = 0,05
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et al
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