THE EFFECT OF USING THE FISHBONE TECHNIQUE ON THE READING COMPREHENSION OF EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS. The purpose of the research is to investigate the impact of using the fishbone technique on the reading comprehension of students in the eighth grade of MT.
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
- Problem Identification
- Problem Limitation
- Problem Formulation
- Objectives and Benefits of the Study
Third, the technique commonly used in teaching reading comprehension meant that students still struggled to get the main idea out of the text. Is there any positive and significance to the use of the fishbone technique for the reading comprehension of the students in the eighth grade MTs.
REVIEW OF THE RELATED THEORIES
The Concepts of Reading Comprehension
- Reading
- Reading Comprehension
Based on the above, we can conclude that reading is a linguistic activity through which we have acquired information about the text. Much of the commentary surrounding theoretical models of reading comprehension focuses on the knowledge that the reader brings to the comprehension process.
The Concepts of Herringbone Technique
- The Definitions of Herringbone Technique
- The Procedure of Herringbone Technique
- The Advantages and Disadvantages of Herringbone
- The Procedures of Teaching Reading Comprehension by
Using the answers to the WH questions, students write the main idea about the backbone of the fish diagram. After capturing the information, students can create the main idea of the text by using the answers to WH questions. H. 24 5) During the discussion process, the students can share information about .. the text they have already read.
Afterwards, teacher reviews the previous lesson to remind the students of the last lesson by asking questions. When the students have already understood the lesson, the fishbone technique can be implemented in this phase. After the students get the explanation about herringbone technique and understand the use of the pattern, there are a few steps in elaboration. a).
Then the teacher asks the students to collect their assignments and grade them. Then the teacher tells the students the topic of study that will be covered next week.
Theoretical Framework and Paradigm
- Theoretical Framework
- Paradigm
Teacher asks the students to read a text and identify important ideas by answering the six comprehension questions (who, what, when, where, why and how) as they read. The last procedure of using fishbone technique is that the students are asked to share and present their task with their friends. They should use various techniques and media to ensure that their students do not get bored in studying English, one of the techniques that can be used in teaching and learning process, especially in teaching reading comprehension is through fishbone technique to use.
So the theoretical framework in this research, if the use of the fishbone technique is good, the reading comprehension is also good. However, if the use of the herringbone technique is poor, reading comprehension is also poor. From the above paradigm, it can be described that using the fishbone technique can affect the student's reading comprehension.
If there is a positive and significant impact of using the Herringbone technique on the reading comprehension of students in the eighth grade of MT Darun Najah Sambikarto Sekampung East Lampung, then this technique is good and accepted. But if there is no positive and significant impact of the use of the Herringbone technique on students".
Hypothesis Formulation
- Alternative hypothesis (Hi)
- Null hypothesis (Ho)
29 comprehension will be high, average or low depending on how this technique is used. In the eighth grade of MT, there is no positive and significant effect of using the fishbone technique on students' reading comprehension.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- Research Design
- Population and Sampling Technique
- Population
- Sample
- Sampling Technique
- The Operational Definition of Variables
- Independent Variables
- Dependent Variables
- Data Collection Method
- Test
- Questionnaire
- Documentation
- Research Instrument
- Instrument Blueprint
- Instrument Calibration
- Data Analysis Technique
According to Yogesh Kumar Singh, population or universe means the entire mass of observations that are the parent group from a sample.38 Meanwhile, Suharsimi Arikunto defines population as "the entire subjects that are complete and clear and will be the object in the research."39. The researcher measures the influence of herringbone technique on the students' reading comprehension through pre-test and post-test. The post-test is held to know the students' reading comprehension after going through herringbone technique.
There is a positive and significant impact of the use of the herringbone technique towards the reading comprehension of students in the eighth grade of MT. There is no significant and positive influence of the use of the herringbone technique towards the reading comprehension of students in the eighth grade of MT. It means that there is a positive and significant impact of using the fishbone technique on the reading comprehension of students in the eighth grade of Mts.
This means that the use of herringbone technique for the students reading comprehension at the eighth grade of MTs. Thus, there is a positive and significant influence of the use of Fishbone Technique on the students' reading comprehension in the eighth grade of MTs.
RESULT OF THE RESEARCH
Description of the Data
- The History of MTs. Darun Najah Sambikarto Sekampung
- The Condition of Teachers and Officials in MTs. Darun Najah
- The Quantity of MTs. Darun Najah Sambikarto Students
- The Condition of Tools and Infrastructures
- The Structure Organizaton
- The Location Sketch of MTs. Darun Najah Sambikarto
Darun Najah Sambikarto Sekampung, East Lampung was established on July 1, 2009 by the Quran Boarding School Institution which is led by KH. The number of teachers and employing officials in their academic year is 20 people who can be identified as follows;
Research Data
- The Result of Pre-test
- The Result of Post-test
The frequency of distribution of the pre-test score in Control Class No Class Interval Rate Percentage. Based on the frequency distribution table above, it can be deduced that students have passed more than 70, which is the minimum mastery criteria (SM). The reading comprehension of 52 students in the control class in the pre-test is higher than in the experimental class.
The post-test was used in the last program of this research after giving some discussions and exercises to the experimental and control classes over a period of time. Therefore, we can conclude that the student's reading comprehension after the test is increased or we can say that it is good. Frequency distribution of test result in control class No class Frequency interval Percent.
Based on the frequency distribution table above, it can be concluded that students scored more than 70 which is the minimum mastery criterion (SM). Therefore, it can be said that the reading comprehension of the students in the experimental class in the post-test is higher than that of the students in the control class.
Hypothesis Testing
Prepare the table to prove whether there is a significant influence of the herringbone technique on students' reading comprehension in 8th grade MTs. The differences between eighth grade pre-test and post-test result in MTs. In addition, the researcher demonstrated the data analyzed using t-test in SPSS in the table below:.
The table of Independent Sample Test showed the difference between the means of two independent or unrelated groups. By comparing with the Sig. 2.tailed) and significance level that the Sig. 2.tailed) was smaller than significance level the alternative hypothesis (Hi) which states that there is a positive and significant influence of the use of Fishbone Technique on the students' reading comprehension at the eighth grade of MTs. Darun Najah Sambikarto Sekampung East Lampung was accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) which states that there is no positive and significant influence of the use of Fishbone Technique for the students' reading comprehension at the eighth grade of MTs.
This means that there was a positive and significantly different score before and after teaching using the herringbone technique against the students' reading comprehension at eighth grade in MT. It could be concluded that the herringbone technique was effective in teaching reading comprehension.
Interpretations
- Interpretations
- Statistics Significance
Based on the table above, it can be seen that the questionnaire result of using Fishbone Technique can affect the students' reading comprehension. The questionnaire that is given to the students to measure whether the Fishbone Technique can give the positive and significant influence in reading comprehension. 65 Based on the table above, it can be concluded that the use of Fishbone Technique for the students' reading comprehension will be good if the score is more than 60.
Meanwhile, using the Herringbone technique the students' reading comprehension score will be bad if the score is below 60. When the researcher gives the text to the students and then asks them to read the text, they are able to understand the content of the text and the main idea. of the text. The Herringbone Technique consists of a short graphic organizer and is a concrete way to help English learners find the overall idea in a paragraph or passage.
Herringbone technique helps students encode the information in a way that improves their ability to answer questions. Based on the above explanation, the fishbone technique is effective for the students on reading comprehension.
Limitations
Using the Herringbone technique in a language lesson helps students understand the content and improve their reading skills and comprehension. Based on the analysis and the result of the research, the researcher can conclude that the use of the fishbone technique has a positive and significant impact on the students' reading comprehension, it can be seen that the post-test result is higher than the pre-test result - the test. It shows that the pre-test score of the control class was higher than that of the experiment class.
This means that the students' reading comprehension in the control class was better than the experimental class. In the post-test result, there was a significant result of the experimental class after teaching using the herringbone technique. This means that the students' reading comprehension in the experimental class was better than the control class.
We suggest that students practice their reading comprehension using the fishbone technique because it can help them solve problems in the learning process. Further researchers should try to find other techniques that can be used to teach reading comprehension.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
Conclusion
In the experimental class, all students scored below the minimum standard (MS), and in the control class, 6 students scored 70-75 (MS task). The mean value of the posttest score in the experimental class was 62.60, and in the control class 58.26.
Suggestions
- The Data of Reading Score
- The Quasi Experiment Design
- The Population of the Research
- Rubric Scoring of Reading Comprehension
- The Instrument Grilles Test for Reading Comprehension
- The Condition of Teacher and the Official Employers
- The Number of Students
- The Buildings of The School
- The Pre-test Result in Experimental Class
- The Frequency of Distribution of the Pre-test in Experimental Class
- The Pre-test Result in Control Class
- The Frequency of Distribution of the Pre-test in Control Class
- The Post-test Result in Experiment Class
- The Frequency of Distribution of the Post-test in Experiment Class
- The Post-test Result in Control Class
- The Frequency of Distribution of the Post-test in Control Class
- The Differences between Pre-test and Post Test Result
- Cticical Value of t table
- Group Statistics and Independent SampleTest
- The Result of Questionnaire in Experimental Class
- The Scale (Rubric Scoring) of Questionnaire
- The Level Category of Questionnaire
The teacher should be encouraged to find the best technique in teaching reading comprehension, especially when reading a text to students.
