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ANALYSIS SPEAKING ABILITY AT ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF STKIP PGRI SUMATRA BARAT
Aulia Tofiq1, Suharni 2, M. Khairi Ikhsan2
1Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat
2Dosen Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat aulia[email protected]
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan bahasa inggris siswa di english department STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, Padang Tahun Akademuik 2016/2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian qualitatif.
Partisipan dari penelitian ini adalah mahiswa semester 2 jurusan bahasa inggris di STKIP PGRI Sumatra Barat.
Data di kumpulkan dengan cara melihat kemampuan bahasa inggris siswa ke dalam kelas ketika belajar speaking, kemudian di rekam malalui video recorder. Penelitian ini mengunakan cluster sampling. Sebelum memilih cluster sampling peneliti menggunakan SPSS untuk menentukan normality dan homogeinity kelas.
Setelah dilakukan pemilihan kelas melalui SPSS, peneliti memilih satu kelas secara acak untuk dijadikan sampel penelitian. Dalam hal ini peneliti mendapatkan kelas 2016 B sebagai sampel. Setelah dipilih kelas 2016 B kemudian peneliti melakukan penelitian sebanyak dua kali terhadap speaking II siswa, kemudian peneliti menganalisa nilai siswa tersebut dan di dapatkan lah hasil penelitian bahwa speaking II siswa 2016 B berada di level 66 yaitu di level bagus
Kata kunci: kemampuan berbicara, Analisis.
INTRODUCTION
English is one of the most important languages in the world because English is an international language. This language is a communication tool for the people in many aspects of life in the world.
Without this language students cannot communicate each other in the world.
English is a bridge for people to communicate with foreign people, so the people including students should learn and master English skill.
Communication is an essential need for human being. Language as ameans of communication has an important role to reveal an intention amongpeople. Since language is important to communicate, it is not enough for
studentsto learn words, phrases, and grammatical features if they want to producelanguage in their daily communication or to interact with others in English.Therefore, the most important thing that should be noticed in teaching speaking is how to activate all of language elements, such as vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, which students have to possess to communicate, since the main function of language is a means of communications. It means that the goal for students learning English speaking is that they are able to use language to communicate effectively and appropriately for life’s requirements, both social and academic. As the necessity of the International language, English has becomeanimportant language in the world.
2 Looking at this importance in this global era, speaking skill becomes one of the most important skillsto be developed and enhanced as means of effective communication world wide.
STKIP PGRI is one of the college in the West Sumatra. In English Department, one of component subjects to be learnt is speaking. Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing, receiving and processing information.
Speaking skill is important for students because the students do much oral communication each other. Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing, receiving and processing information
Brown in Azlina Pollard (2008:34) states that speaking is one of the most difficult aspects for students to master. The reason why speaking is difficult aspect for students to master because they do not having enough exposure to English (environmental factor), infrequent. English speaking practice in daily life (theycould use the mother tongue to communicate, instead of using English), feeling shy and laziness to learn English. Many of students cannot speak clearly when they talk with foreigner because they don’t know how to express what they want to say and how to say that. For it, they get a miss
communication. To minimize the mistakes and get a good communication with native speakers or no, the learners must know and comprehend the use of expressions and the elements in speaking.
RESEACH METHOD
In this research, the researcher used descriptive research design. The reseacrher chooses this design because the researcher wanted to analyze of speaking ability at STKIP PGRI West Sumatra at the second semester 2016/2017. Gay and Airasian (2000:279) state that descriptive research involved collecting data in order to answer research questions concering with current status of the object or something to which the researcher want to do.
Furthermore, moleong (2010:6) adds that descriptive reearch is a research that ispurposed to understand a phenomenom such as attitude, perception, motivation, and act. In other word , it is said that descriptive research concern to the description about things that are felt by the subject of the research. So, this research is step to find result of what the wanted by the researcher.
According to Gay and Airasian (2000:122) “population is the group of interest to the researcher, the group to which she or he would like the results of the study to be generalization “. Based on
3 that definition the population of this research was the second semester of English Department of STKIP PGRI West Sumatra registered in academic year 2016/2017. It consisted of 3 sessions from session A to session C. Following is the table that show list of the amount students in every session.
Sample is representative of population. In determining the sample size, the researcher had to concider about the effecticeness that will be achieved from the sample. In another word, the samples correctly respresented the whole population. Considering about the situation and observation to the samples, the researcher decided to choose cluster sampling is selected because the researcher meets the special criteria in group that support the purpose of the research. It inticates that the researcher should have experience or knowledge about the group to be samples. Because of the population too large so the researcher used cluster sampling with some steps.
In this research, the researcher used the instrumentation as tool to collect the data. Arikunto (2002:136) defines that the instrument is tool of facility which is use by the reseacher in colleting the data in other to easy the work and the result is easy to be analyzed. So, instrument for this
research was speaking test. This instrument used to analyze of speaking ability at STKIP PGRI West Sumatra at the second semester 2016/2017. To get data on speaking ability, the researcher gave the speaking test to measure the students’ speaking ability. The students make a covertation in front of class about asking-giving opinion and discussion (asking and telling about future plans).
The researcher started of the research on march 8th 2017, researcher came to class 16 b and to give permission of the research to lecturer Mr. Ikhsan.
After that researhcerasked about schedule of speaking II to students, in the STKIP PGRI West Sumatra only one lecturer speaking II.
Next on march 11th 2017 researcher came to class to saw students speaking ability with topic asking-giving opinion, adn researcher get score by lecturer. And then on april 11th 2017 researcher came to class with instrument related with curriculum in speaking II, Instrument used is discussion (asking and telling about future plans). The researcher used instrument to get data from 2016 B.
Scorer give students score to students performance, and then researcher record about it. Next researhcer interpreted all of the data analysis. Finally, the researcher found the finding of this research.
4 Data analysis of this research was the result of students’ speaking ability score students at the first year of STKIP PGRI WEST SUMATRA. Researcher used cluster sampling as the suitable technique to select a sample. Researcher used SPSS formula to found sample.
Researcher got score students by the admint of English department and found class B as sample. Before found the sample researcher used homogeneity and normality to find the class to be sample.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
Based on the data analysis above, the researcher found several findings. They were as follow : first, the researcher found the highest score for speaking test was 84 and the lowest score was 48. The last the researcher found that if the analysis speaking ability at the first years of students speaking ability at STKIP PGRI West Sumatra get good score in level 67 with topic discussion and in 75 with topic asking giving opinion .
Speaking is the essential skill among other language skills that must be learned by English students. It is as the major criterion to consider that the English students’ competence is good or lack.
There are many definitions of speaking from English experts. However, the writer only chooses several definitions which are important to talk about. According to Jo
McDonough and Christopher Shaw (2003:
63), “speaking is a desire an purpose- driven that may involve expressing ideas and opinions; expressing a wish or a desire to do something; negotiation and or solving a particular problem or establishing and maintaining social relationship and friendship”.
Diagram of students speaking ability with speaking test and topic discussion and asking-giving opinion2016 B
CONCLUSION
As generaly, material was central the knowledge for student from material the student could know about information that is important and useful for their life.
So, they could manage their life as perfect.
In other word, speaking is important aspect to make their life be better, it mean they
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
students 1 students 4 students 7 students 10 students 13 students 16 students 19 students 22
5 could know something new useful in future.
Refering on the purpose of the research above, the reseacrh tried conclude that about relevancy about speaking. In this cases there were kind of speaking test had been analyzed such as discussion test and asking giving opinion test. From the test , the researcher concludes that the speaking material in STKIP PGRI West Sumatra had relevancy with good speaking, this case for discussion test and asking giving opinion test. And then researcher conlude the criteria of discussion test is 67 and 75 for asking giving opinion in good level. It means that all of material that was selected by researcher is relevancy with curriculum of English of Departmen of STKIP PGRI West Sumatra.
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