Based on the data obtained, the adverb is placed in the middle of the sentence, while the correct adverb should be at the end of the sentence. From the data obtained, the word to be from the data was, it should use was because there are two subjects in the data and should use was. From the existing data, the obtained error is the omission of words in being in the data, it should usually be, so the sentence is correct.
The seventh, from the data obtained in the sentence with the word "to" and the data contains additions of errors that are not necessary in the sentence.
The Process of Writing
Prewriting
Choosing Topic
Based on explanation above, this means that the writer must know the reason why he wants to write. Moreover, the author can make a plan about the scientific work that will be made by the author.
Using Experience and Observation
Reading
Free writing
Outlining
After the drafting technique is completed, the writer should make an outline before starting their research paper. Furthermore, outlining is a process where the writer writes key words that would be the subject of the scholarly work.
Drafting
Revising and Editing
Types of Writing
The Recount provides information about what happened, when it happened, where it happened, and who was involved. Recount has the social function of recounting events to inform or entertain the reader. You usually use descriptive words to give detailed information about who, when, where, why, and what.
Narrative has social function to amuse, amuse and to deal with real vicarious experience in different ways, narrative deals with problematic events that lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind, which in turn finds a solution. Explanation has social function to present (at least many different aspects of a matter and to explain the processes involved in the information or operation of natural or socio-cultural phenomena. Expository writing is writing designed to convey information or to explain what is difficult to understand.
Narrative text
- The Generic Feature of Narrative Text
- Element of Narrative text
- Language feature of Narrative Text Based on yani’s Statement 2015
- Types of Narrative text
In addition, the writer must make the story with an illustration to make the topic interesting to the reader. However, the accident in the narrative story is a fiction, but the reader found it interesting to read the story because the story can help him in his strenuous daily activities. So the function of this element is to make the story strong and curious with the content of the story.
In order, this element tells the reader about the function of the character in the story. This means that the author explains the main character of the story or topic "I" the author uses to describe themselves in the story if they create a story based on their experience. This means that the story can tell with phonological plot from beginning to end without flashback or the story tells the reader using flashback plot.
Orientation is an element of narrative text that indicates the presentation of the story to the reader. In this element, it tells the reader the character of the story, the time and the place. Complication is an element of narrative text that tells the reader the problem in the story.
Grammar
- Types of Grammatical Error
Decision The oldest of the fish left the pond with his entire family that same evening. The second fish saw the fishermen coming in the distance early next morning and immediately left the pond with its entire family. The difference 10 between the grammar of mother tongue and target language is one of the factors that make the students to make many mistakes.
Something that is discussed in the sentence and comes before the verb and person state must be a noun pronoun or another word that can be compared to the noun. An object is a word that tells who or what performed the action of the verb. The simple past indicates that an activity or situation began and ended at a specific time in the past.
We use the past tense to describe and tell an event or situation that happened in the past and has passed. Usually when a noun or noun phrase has been used once, a pronoun is used to avoid repetition of the same noun or noun phrase. They usually indicate relationships, such as position, place, direction time, manner, agent, possession and condition, between their objects and other parts of the sentence.
Error
Punctuation is the use of special characters that you add to your writing to separate phrases and sentences, to indicate that something is a question, etc. Spelling words in English can be difficult for students because a word sometimes very similar to a word in itself. language, but is not spelled the same. Another thing that makes spelling difficult is that some words in English don't sound exactly the way they are spelled.
Tshen Brown explains that "Mistakes are part of students" interlanguage which is the version of language that a learner has at each stage of development and which is constantly reshaped as it aims to acquire complete mystery.
Error Analysis
- Omission
- Addition
- Misformation
- Misordering
Omission is characterized by the absence of an item that should appear in a well-formed utterance." This means that students leave out one of the structural of language. This means that addition is part of errors that should not be required to be used in making a sentence. Furthermore, the writer must obey the rules created by international law regarding the use of the English language.
Defined according to Sompong as "the inability to delete certain items that are required in some linguistic constructions but not in others". means that part of the supplement which changes or shortens the statements. Simple addition is a part of addition that has a different definition between regularization and double labeling. In this part, it is simple to add works when the writer needs to pay attention to the context of the sentences in the paragraph writing.
According to Dulay, simple addition is a part of the type of errors that if an additional error is neither a double entry nor a correction, it is called a simple addition. It means that the simple addition is an element that no utterances appeared. It means that the malformation is part of the mistakes that the teacher has found in the students' paragraph writing that the use of the wrong structure in the order sentences. This is not appropriate for the plural, appropriate is these Must be : these pencils are mine.
Factor that Influence The Students Making Errors
- Language Transfer
- Teaching Method
- Lack of Writing Practices
In addition, the effect of this method was that the beginner felt it difficult to organize his language in written form. Internal language transfer is the factor of error made by the learner because the target language the learner has learned is different from his mother tongue. The teaching method is very important and affects the development of the students because the method affects the students to get the material especially in the English class.
The students would have fun in the classroom, but if the teacher cannot manage their class, the students would get confused and make mistakes in their duty. Lack of teaching practices is one of the factors caused by students because if students did not have the habit of writing essays at home, they would be unusual with new words, the structure of the language and the organization of the sentences. Then the students just practice writing an essay if the teacher has given them homework or an assignment, but the result of their duty is still far from what the teacher expects.
This statement was assumed by the research of Hourani (2008:46) he said: "Lack of writing activities can lead to weakness in writing ability as a result many mistakes will occur in students' essays". Therefore, we can conclude that if students rarely practice essay writing, the problem of student error would occur.
The Previous of the Study
The second, Erna Safitri (2019) Analysis of Students' Grammatical Errors in Writing Narrative the errors regarding sentence structure occurred in percent 6.72. The Third HauTse (2014) study titled a case study of grammatical errors made by Malaysian students. The study reported that there were six significant errors that occurred in their writing, such as singular/plural noun, article, preposition, adjective, subject-verb agreement and tense.
Fourth, Mohammed (2016) conducted a study to analyze the grammatical errors in Iraqi EFL learners' writing. The findings of this study showed that 23 common text grammar errors in essay writing include verb tense and form, subject-verb agreement, articles, preposition, pronoun misuse, plural misuse, and auxiliaries misuse. The most frequent grammatical errors committed in syntax and morphology were verb tense and form errors, which accounted for 98 (22%) of the total errors.
Fifth, the second study was conducted by Jannah (2015) to analyze students' writing, entitled Analysis of students' grammatical errors in writing. In this research, the researcher presents an analysis of students' grammatical errors when writing a narrative text. However, it also has a difference from previous studies that focus on grammatical errors (consisting of singular and plural, verb tense, word choice, word order, punctuation, capitalization, and spelling) and writing student assignments in the HKBP second semester text. Nommensen University students.
The Conceptual Framework
RESEARCH METHOD
- Research Design
- The Source of the Data
- The Subject of the Study
- The Object of Study
- The Instrument of Collecting Data
- Technique of Collecting Data
- Technique of Analyzing Data
- Triangulation
The author analyzed in text of each narrative texts written based on the type of error. The following are the steps taken by the author to present the data by grouping the data into grammatical errors in four types of errors such as addition, omission, disorder, malformation. After extracting some of the data as absolute data, conclusions are the proper way to collect, reduce and display all data.
In this step, the writer made a conclusion after completely identifying the types of grammatical errors in writing narrative texts. Abstract, the author analyzed the data by selecting each article with the type of error based on grammar. The validity of the data must really be checked to test the validity of the data.
In this study, the triangulation technique is used by the author to observe the validity of the data. Qualitative cross-validation was call triangulation, and what is assessed is the adequacy of the data according to the convergence of several data sources or multiple data collections, William Wiersma said in Sugiyono (2007:372). By collecting the data using different protocols, contrasting data at different times and settings the data can achieve triangulations.
