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Forecasting and Controlling the Food Supply System in Hospital Using Exponential Smoothing

(Conference Paper) (Open Access)

, ,

Magister of Information System, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50242, Indonesia

Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia Department of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia

Abstract

The satisfaction of patient care is an indicator of good performance in hospitals, one of which plays a critical role is a logistic serving of food. With the ﬂuctuating number of patients, the hospital should be able to meet the demand for the number of patients each day. This study aims to build the system of forecasting and controlling the food supplies to determine the number of servings of food supplies in the next period. The implementation of Exponential Smoothing method is used to predict the number of servings should be available for the next period. Amount of food raw material is controlled using re-orders point model, it aims to anticipate the occurrence of stockout with the minimum amount of food provides should be available. The data were obtained from the requested amount of food during 212 days for three times, morning, noon, and night. Forecasting values using alpha parameters 0.3 and 0.7 with a minimum forecasting error calculation using MAPE for alpha 0.7 with a value 12.81% for morning time, 11.59% during the day, and 10.96% night time. Forecasting result not only can be used to allocate food supplies but also to control stock of raw material food. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2018.

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Author keywords

Exponential Smoothing Forecasting Method Re-Order Point

Indexed keywords

Engineering controlled terms:

Food supply Hospitals Information systems Information use

Engineering uncontrolled terms

Alpha parameters Exponential smoothing Exponential smoothing method Forecasting error Forecasting methods Point modeling Re orderings Supply system

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E3S Web of Conferences

Volume 73, 21 December 2018, Article number 13014

3rd International Conference on Energy, Environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2018;

Semarang; Indonesia; 14 August 2018 through 15 August 2018; Code 143635

Ariyanti, Y.D.P.^a  Mustaﬁd^b Nurhayati, O.D.^c 

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Engineering main heading:

Forecasting

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ISSN: 22671242

Source Type: Conference Proceeding Original language: English

DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/20187313014 Document Type: Conference Paper

Volume Editors: Warsito B.,Hadiyanto,Maryono Publisher: EDP Sciences

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DEMATEL-modiﬁed ANP to evaluate internal hospital supply chain performance

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Supply chain agility information systems with key factors for fashion industry competitiveness

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Ariyanti, Y.D.P.; Magister of Information System, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia; email:

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PREFACE

Rector of Diponegoro Universitr'

Dean of School of Postgraduate Studies ICENIS 20LB Chairman

Conference Commite Keynote Speaker Table of Abstract

Paper Abstracts of Participants

ORGANIZING

^COI

Dr. Eng. Maryont Dr. Budi Warsito, Prof. Sudharto

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Prof. Dr. Hadiyant Dr. Hartuti Purnat dr. M. Sakundarno Al Dr. Suryono, S Dr. Ir. _Iaka Wid

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ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Dr. Eng. Maryono,

^ST,

MT Dr. Budi Warsito,

^S.Si.,

^M.Si.

Prof. Sudharto

^P.

Hadi, MES, Ph'D Prof. Dr. HadiYanto,

^ST,

^M.Sc

Dr. Hartuti Purnaweni, MPA dr. M. Sakundarno Adi,

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^Ph'D

Dr. Suryono,

^S.Si.,M.Si

Dr. Ir. |aka Windarta, ^MT

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CONFER.ENCE COMMITTEE

Scientific Committee Chair Person

:

Dr. Tri Retnaningsih Soeprobowati, M.App.Sc

Members

:

Assoc Prof. Dr. Hirofumi Nakayama (Kyushu university, _fapan) Prof. Peter Gell [Federation university, AustraliaJ

Prof. Dr. Suprihanto [lTB, ^Indonesia) Prof. Sudarmadji, M.Eng.Sc [UGM, Indonesia) Prof.Dr. Rahayu, S.H.,M.Hum IUNDIP, Indonesia) Prof. Dr. Hadiyanto,

ST,

MSc (UNDIP, trndonesiaJ Prof. Drs. Mustafid, M.Eng., Ph.D (UNDIP, Indonesia)

Dr. Ing Sudarno,

ST,

MSc (UNDIP, Indonesiaj

Dr. dr. Selamat Budijitno, M.Si.Med., SpB(K)onk (UNDIP, Indonesia) Dr. Henna Rya Sunoko, Apt, MES IUNDIP, IndonesiaJ

Dr. Budi Warsito,

S.Si,

M.Si (UNDIP, Indonesia)

KEYNOTE SPI

Prof. Dr. Takayuk Kyushu Universi Prof. Dr. Nas University of Malq Dr. Kanawut I

Rajamangala University

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Prof. Dr. Ho Chi UTM, Mdq Dr. funichi ^I

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KEYNOTE SPEAKER

Prof. Dr. TakaYuki Shimaoka Kyushu UniversitY, _faPan

Prof. Dr. Nasrudin University of MalaYa, MalaYsia

Dr" Kanawut Inkaew

Rajamangala University

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Technology Phra Nakhon, Thailand Frof. Dr. Ho Chin Shiong

UTM, MaiaYsia Dr. funichi Fuiio

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Yunila Dwi Putri Ariyanti, Musta d and Oky Dwi Nurhayati Published online: 21 December 2018

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v Energy Planning, Policy, and Management v Environmental Education, Planning and Policy v Environmental Management and Spatial Planning v Environmental Conservation

v Environmental Technology and Pollution Control v Environmental Health, Toxicology and Epidemiology v Technology, Culture and Society in Waste Management

Semarang, Indonesia, August 14-15, 2018 Hadiyanto, Maryono and Budi Warsito (Eds.)

v Environment, Infrastructure Development, Culture and Society v Green Public Policy, Politic, and Equity Development v Green Economic and Development

v Gender, Formal-Informal Worker and Environmental Behavior v Health, Safety and Environment Information Systems v System Information and Decision Support System v Information Pattern Development, Language, and Media

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* corresponding author: [email protected]

Reducing Economic Disparity in the Outermost and Border Regions: Assessing Barriers and Opportunities in the Electricity Sector

DhandyArisaktiwardhana^{1, *}andIqbalAkbar²

1Doctoral Program of Innovation Economics, Technische Universität Berlin – Germany

2MBA Program of Energy Management, Technische Universität Berlin – Germany

Abstract. Economic disparity is still a major problem threatening Indonesia’s future prosperity.

Spatial inequality between rural and urban areas remain to exist and is driven by unequal access to and unaffordable cost of the traditional electricity infrastructures. The national electrification ratio reached 91.16 % in 2016. This paper evaluates the feasibility of reforming existing regulations for Indonesia's electricity sector in its light to reduce economic disparities between-regions and intra- regions in Indonesia. A systematic review of the literature on the publications and research reports is used to provide inputs for revising the regulations of the electricity sector to address more focused mission-oriented objectives. Empirical models are discussed and established to predict the cost-saving from the reduction of CO2emission by applying the technological solutions for renewable energy and energy efficiency. This study finds a cost-saving of Rp. 135 trillion per 40.000 hours-use for the whole electricity consumers in Indonesia that can be converted into financial instruments to support the development of electricity infrastructure in the disadvantaged regions. In the end, the study concludes that there is a clear financial benefit, in the form of opportunity cost, for reforming narration of the electricity policy and further transforming the institutional arrangement.

Keywords:economic disparity; renewable energy; energy efficiency; CO2emission reduction

1 Electricity Access in Economic Equality

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The Study of Rice Husk as Co-Digestion Together with Cow Dung is Biogas Production of Anaerobic Digester

Sania

Septiani Mulyawan

^1,2

,

Dini

Widyani Aghnia

^1,2

,

Elisabeth

Rianawati

^1,*

,

Enri

Damanhuri

²

,

Marisa

Handjani

²

,

Tri

Padmi

²

, Bridgid Chin Lai Fui

³

, Menandro Acda

⁴

, Pornkamol Unrean

⁵

1Resilience Development Initiative, Bandung - Indonesia

2Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Institute Teknologi Bandung–Indonesia

3Curtin University Sarawak, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia

4University of the Philippines Los Banos, Pedro R. Sandoval Ave, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines

5National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand

Abstract. One of alternative waste-to-energy technologies to treat organic waste is anaerobic digestion.

This study conducted by three stage of experiments using the laboratory scale biogas production from cow dung and rice husk as co-digestion. Based on the first stage experiments, TS 10% gave the highest accumulation of biogas 458 ml and 506,95 ml. In the second stage of the experiments, 10 ml media in TS 20% gave the highest accumulation of biogas production (743.1 ml). The last stage of experiments showed that Blank TS 30% with 5 ml media gave the highest accumulation of biogas production (922.2 ml). From the last stage we can conclude that the presented of rice husk as a co-digestion didn’t give the significant effect to increase biogas production in anaerobic digestion, at least at room temperature. This caused by the high lignin and cellulose concentration in the rice husk that might resist or inhibit the production of biogas production. This is contrast situation when TS 40% occured, the existing of rice husk in AD will give positive impact to biogas produce.

Keywords:anaerobic digestion; cow dung; rice husk ; co-digestion.

1 Introduction

Anaerobic digestion performance is heavily influence by the characteristic of organic material such as food waste, manure, sewage sludge, organic fraction of municipal solid waste, and energy corps, and others [1].

The popularity of the technology is due to its ability to turn organic waste into energy [2].

In Indonesia, cow dung volumes are increasing annually and most of them are disposed without any treatment. Anaerobic digestion could be an alternative option to treat the cow dung and thus reducing the cost of disposal and produce biogas for energy recovery .

Methane and carbon dioxide which is mainly contained in biogas production, can be used as renewable energy sources [3].

Other type of organic waste that is abundant in rural area is agricultural waste, such as properly such as rice husk, rice residues and rice straw from the drying process. The waste is abundant particularly during harvest and is mostly burnt in the field causing air pollutant. As a matter of fact, these wastes have high carbon content which can be used as for biogas production through anaerobic digestion process.

However as the rice residues are to optimize anaerobic digestion performance and obtaining energy by considering digestion of rice residues are difficult to

degrade, the parameters of the anaerobic digestion should be set properly [4].

Table 1Characteristic of Rice Husk Reported in Literatures Parameters Pillaier,

1988 Bronzeoak,

2003 Kumar,

P.Senthil, 2010

Crude protein, % 1.7 - 2.6 - -

Crude fiber, % 31.71 - 49.92

- -

Mineral Ash, % - - 13.87

Pentasans, % 16.94 - 21.95

- -

Crude fat, % 0.38 - -

Nitrogen free extract, %

24.7 - 38.79

- -

Cellulose, % 34.34 - 43.80

- 31.12

Ash, % 13.16 -

29.04

22.0-29.0 -

Hemicellulose, % - - 22.48

Lignin, % 21.40 - 46.97

- 22.34

Bulk Density

(kg/m3) - 96-160 -

Nitrogen, % - 0.23 - 0.32 -

Carbon, % - ≈35.0 -

Moisture, % - 8.0 - 9.0 -

Hydrogen, % - 4.0-5.0 -

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---A,cnma·aamc;:urnrawau-anaJarroffvvas1q-i,1aayar---

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051 /e3sconf/20187302006 PDF (1.403 MB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

U Open Access

Carrying capacity for ecotourism development in Tahura K.G.P.A.A. Mangkunagoro I 02001 Ari Wulandari, Maryono Maryono and Agus Setyawan

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Carrying Capacity of Gancik Hill Top for Ecotourism Development in Boyolali District 02008 Chandra Puspita Sari and Sri Rahayu

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Carbon Emissions And Mitigation Actions In Merauke 02009 Untari, Edy H.P Melmambessy and David Oscar Simatupang Published online: 21 December 2018

D Open Access

Open Defecation Free (ODF) Program As an Urgent Public Service in Semarang City, Central Java 0201 o Hartuti Purnaweni

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051 /e3sconf/2018730201 O PDF (1.180 MB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

D Open Access

Relationship between Environmental Damage and Corruption Cases in Indonesia 02011 Muslihudin Muslihudin, Eko Hendarto, Rin Rostikawati, Rili Windiasih and Tyas Retno Wulan Published online: 21 December 2018

D Open Access

The Impact of Globalization agains Environmental Condition in Indonesia 02012 Hadi Sasana,Jalu Aji Prakoso and Yuliani Setyaningsih

D Open Access

Sustainability Index of Watershed Using Environmental Restoration Approach 02013 Haqqi Annazili, Mahawan Karuniasa and Muchamad Saparis Soedarjanto

0 Open Access

The Social Dilemma of Tin Mining of Non-miners People: A Comparative Study Between Bangka and Belitung People's Perception 02014

Ibrahim, Dwi Haryadi and Nanang Wahyudin Published online: 21 December 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051 /e3sconf/20187302014 PDF (1.540 MB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

D Open Access

An overview of encouraging sustainable tourism in the coastal tourism of Ka rang Jahe beach: issues and challenges 0201 s Julita Budi Prasetyo, Fuad Muhammad and Denny Nugroho Sugianto

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Environmental Law Politics and Malind Anim Indigenous People Rights Protection based on Free and Prior Informed Consent Principles 02017

Emiliana B. Rahail,JuliantoJ.J, Kalalo, Herbin F. Betaubun and Chyntia N. Kalalo

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* Corresponding author:

[email protected]

The Impact of Globalization agains Environmental Condition in Indonesia

Hadi Sasana ^1*

, Jalu Aji Prakoso

²

, Yuliani Setyaningsih

³

1* Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University, Semarang – Indonesia

2 Faculty of Economics, Tidar University, Magelang - Indonesia

3 Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang – Indonesia

Abstract. Globalization led to the movement of goods, services, technology, capital and people no longer recognize the limits of the State. The main product of globalization was the inception of a multinational corporation, with characteristic expansiveness and exploratory. Expansive activities that are done naturally bring such potential negative impacts of pollution of water, soil, air, the destruction of forests, the habitats of flora and fauna. This research aims to analyze the impact of globalization is globally against environmental degradation in Indonesia during the period of 1990 – 2015. The results of the analysis showed a negative effect of economic globalization against environmental conditions (CO2

emissions), while the influential social and political globalization is positive towards CO2 emissions.

Keywords: Globalization; KOF Index; Environment; CO² Emission.

1. INTRODUCTION

Changes in people's lives increasingly dynamic and knows no bounds, the condition of these changes aim to achieve better living conditions. Interaction between countries to create a change being one form of dynamics changes of community life in parts of the world [1]. According to Heinemann [2], globalization is a process that is characterized by the rapid development of the doctrine of capitalism, i.e. the more revealing and globally the role of markets, investment, and production process of traditional companies.

According to Buchanan and Husynski [3], globalization will impact on a change condition quickly. Starting from cyber revolution, trade liberalisation, homogeneity of good and service in the world, to export activity orientate to the growth are the component of globalization phenomenon.

Distribution technology as one of product change can be spread evenly in all parts of the world. In globalization contained an understanding will be the loss of a single situation where a variety of movement of goods and services between countries all over the world can move freely and openly. With the opening of one country against another country, what happens is the inclusion not only of goods and services, but also technology, consumption patterns, education, culture and values of others. Openness among countries that created the globalization in all areas of life brings changes for life [4]. One of the positive impacts of globalization are seen from the specialties of a country in creating goods and services so that the activities arising out of international trade between countries.

The increasingly specialized activities of the

production have the advantage of production efficiency. The result of the globalization presence seen when levels of direct investment in the form of the establishment of new industries in a country growing in then impact on rising carbon dioxide emissions significantly [5]. Environmental damage from globalization is becoming very important to notice because it has a broad impact on life.

Review on the impact of globalization has been a lot of discussion into the world. Concern of States to conduct a study on the result of human activity that is increasingly

borderless world concern is based on in

the future. One of manifestation of globalization can be seen through index KOF arrangement, namely globalization index, that have been compiled and-like Centre by Dreher [6]. The overall index of globalization composed of various aspects of the social, economic and political integration in the right perspective applied in the policy, as a response to the doubts openly indicator of economic and external direct investment usually was used to analyze the relationship between inequality and economic globalization.

The impact of globalization on the environment can be analyzed through several aspects such as trade, investment, capital flows and the most special can be seen from the level of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).

Those third element are the benchmark to find out the magnitude of the globalization impact on countries that became investment goals. The condition of the country tend to be experienced for developing countries and

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U Open Access

Macroeconomic Determinants of Gender Inequality Index in Eight ASEAN Countries 11002 Joko Sangaji, Miyasto and Akhmad Syakir Kurnia

0 Open Access

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D Open Access

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D Open Access

Democracy and Continuing Marginalization of Women in Indonesian Politics 11005 Abubakar Eby Hara, Agus Trihartono and Nino Viartasiwi

0 Open Access

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D Open Access

Post-Mining Areas: Analysis of Women's Involvement in the Informal Sector 11009 Muana Husniati Ade, Maryam Maryam and Zulham Zulham

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/2018731101 O PDF (1.181 MB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Enhancing Sustainable Development Goals through The Provision of Decent Work to Minimize Inequality: A Comparative Study of Bangladesh and Indonesia 11011

Anggreini Buntara Syera, Utami Dewi Anggia and Suryadipura Dadan Published online: 21 December 2018

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Inequalities for Indonesian Men to Pursue Fashion as a Career 11012 Muhammad Iman Adi Perkasa

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*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Democracy and Continuing Marginalization of Women in Indonesian Politics

Abubakar Eby Hara^1,*

, Agus Trihartono

²

and Nino Viartasiwi

³

1Lecturer, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences University of Jember and Researcher, Center for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (C-RiSSH), University of Jember

2Researcher, Center for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (C-RiSSH), University of Jember

3Researcher, Institute of International Relations and Area Setudies, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto, Japan

Abstract. Although much progress and efforts have been made to increase women's participation in politics, the main idea of women's involvement in politics has not yet penetrated into the mainstream of Indonesian politics. The main idea is not only a representation of the number of female population but also the representation that will bring new norms for Indonesian politics that has been so far dominated by the assumption of masculinity based on power politics and struggle to control resources by one party for the loss of others. This paper seeks to see how this marginalization of women continues to occur. One of the reasons for this cannot be separated from the waning of the reform spirit that inspired the reformation. Slowly but surely Indonesian politics is re-defined in term of power struggles by all means including by corruption, collusion, and nepotism that was once the object of criticism of reform groups. In this context, it is often the case that if women want to succeed in politics, they must follow such political norms and abandons the idealism of their struggle.

In fact, such women politicians not only abandon the ideal of feminist struggle but reinforce the assumption that politics is the world of men.

Keywords:Democracy, Women Participation, Quota in Parliament, Gender Inequality

1 Introduction

Indonesia has held four successful, democratic and fair elections after the fall of Suharto’s authoritarian regime in 1998. Theoretically, in this democratic system, all citizens with sufficient conditions without regard to gender, ethnicity, and religion have equal opportunity to vote and be elected. However, in practice, this is not always so. There are always special groups and marginalized groups. One example is in relation to women's groups. Men still enjoy privileges in politics because they are perceived as capable of formulating how politics should work. Politics is seen as a male world because it contains struggle for power to control others, which does not fit to women. This assumption is perhaps formulated with specific reference to Machiavelli’s views of ‘end justifies the means’.

Although Machiavelli also said about Fortuna in his book

The Prince which represents the virtues of

goodness and wisdom, the Fortuna has become unimportant in male’s dominated definition of what politics should be[1].

This paper assumes that politics depends on how actors define and shape it. Although the Indonesian system has been viewed as democratic by many observers[2], the process of strengthening democratic values depends on its perpetrators. We further wish to discuss politics within the framework of the contest of idea to define politics. In particular, we will elaborate how the views of women commonly

carried by feminist groups have not been part of a hegemonic political discourse.

Women have a diverse role starting from basic role to taking care of their families until their responsibilities to teach their children take care of nature and environment. Environment really important to woman because they interact more with the environment and natural resources. The impact of environmental damage is more often felt by women.

Beside that woman has another role to take care of themselves by following their dream until joining political world.

2 Methodology

This paper uses feminist approach. Feminism ideas and views on gender equality strengthened and got new spirit during the reform period. Awareness of equal rights between men and women and the need to end discrimination in employment began to gain a place in public space[3]. Women also state that their experiences in life and what they imagine about politics differ from men's experiences. In particular, bad and inhumane experiences make them know better than men about what politics should be[4]. This justifies the claim that women should obtain a corresponding representation of the female population in both parliament and government.

In feminist perspective, by having more representatives in parliament and government, women can engage further in policy-making processes that can

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Regi Zaky Utama and Tuty Handayani Published online: 21 December 2018

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The Effect of Layer Variation Between Liner and Cement Mantle on Reducing Cracks of PMMA Material Hip Joints 12013 Eko Saputra,J Jamari, Han Ay Lie, lwan Budiwan Anwar, Rifky Ismail, Mohammad Tauviqirrahman and Emile van der Heide

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Reza Azizul Nasa Al Hakim, Sigit Arrohman, Eko Saputra, lwan Budi Anwar,J Jamari, Rifky Ismail, Athanasius P, Bayuseno and Mohammad Tauviqirrahman Published online: 21 December 2018

- System Information and Decision Support System

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Alen Adriyanti Tangkesalu and Jatmiko Endro Suseno Published online: 21 December 2018

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*Corresponding author:[email protected]

The Effect of Layer Variation Between Liner and Cement Mantle on Reducing Cracks of PMMA Material Hip Joints

Eko

Saputra

^{1, 2,}

*,

J

Jamari

¹

,

Han

Ay Lie

³

,

Iwan

Budiwan Anwar

⁴

,

Rifky

Ismail

¹

,

Mohammad

Tauviqirrahman

¹

,

Emile

van der Heide

²

1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Diponegoro University, Semarang–Indonesia

2Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology, Engineering Technology Faculty, Twente University, Enschede - The Netherlands

3Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia

4Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Prof. dr. R. Soeharso Orthopaedic Hospital, Surakarta - Indonesia

Abstract. Failure of cement mantle of bond loosening between liner and cement mantle is an important issue in total hip replacement. Two factors that commonly cause cement mantle failure are initial crack and stress. A solution for reducing stress on the cement mantle has been proposed by adding insertion material between liner and cement mantle. Nevertheless, further study is needed to optimize the proposed solution. A possible option is to vary the thickness of the insertion material. If the thickness of the PMMA material is constant, then the variation of the insertion thickness will be followed by the variation of the thickness of the liner. Consequently, the stress value on the liner will follow the variation of liner thickness. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of the thickness variation of the insertion material to stress on cement mantle and liner using finite element simulation. Results revealed that the magnitude of stress and deflection decreased in the cement mantle and the liner along with the increasing thickness of the insertion material.

Keywords:Cement mantle; liner; PMMA; hip joint; crack, stress.

1 Introduction

Implant material of bone cement or cement mantle is widely used to affix hip prosthesis in the total hip replacement [1]. Cement mantle experiences repeated cyclic loading, which can lead to fracture or crumble of the cement mantle [2]. The cement mantle failure is often associated with cracking in the cement mantle [3].

Cracking in the cement mantle is affected by material defects cause initial cracks, less than optimal thickness of the cement mantle, and stress on the cement mantle due to a contact load that can increase an initial crack.

Cracking problem can be investigated by experimental fatigue testing and computer simulations [3, 4]. To reduce the stress on the cement mantle with increase in the thickness of cement mantle, a number of researchers have attempted to optimize the cement mantle [1, 5, 6].

The conclusion of these studies is that stress on the cement mantle can be reduced by the reinforcement of cement mantle. However, Mann et al. stated that the growth rate of fatigue cracks did not depend on the thickness of cement mantle [7, 8].

Recently, Jamari et al. argued that increasing the thickness of cement mantle only affected the strength of the cement mantle itself, but not reduction in the cyclic load directly on the cement mantle [9]. The effect of cyclic loading or in other words can be represented by

repeated load can lead failure of hip prosthesis [10-12].

Furthermore, Jamari and colleagues argued that before the cyclic load toward the cement mantle, an additional layer was necessary. This layer is expected to reduce the contact stress on cement mantle and also the cyclic load toward the cement material. Therefore, Jamari et al.

proposed the layer addition to decrease the stress on the cement mantle. The results showed that the layer addition was able to decrease the stress on the cement mantle. Then the question arises: how optimal layer thickness to reduce stress on the cement mantle? The objective of this research is to investigate the optimal thickness of layer addition. For this purpose, the finite element simulation of contact static was performed using Abaqus software.

2 Material and Method

2.1. Geometry and material properties

The cemented consist of stem, ball (head), liner, cement, and acetabulum (Figure 1). Figure 1(b) shows the arrangement of hip interaction contact among the ball, liner, cement mantle, and bone. To simplify the analysis, an axisymmetric model was considered. The ball diameter, and the bone diameter were 28 mm and

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Document details - Universitas Diponegoro