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Determinants and consequences of environmental investment: an empirical study of Indonesian firms
(Article), , ,
Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to examine the effect of institutional ownership, audit committee and types of industry on environmental investment. Furthermore, this research investigates the consequences of environmental investments on firm financial performance. Design/methodology/approach: The sample consisted of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges and receiving PROPER awards issued by the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia in the year - . The data were then analyzed using ordinal logistic regression and multiple regression. Findings: The findings showed that environmental investment was significantly affected by types of industry. However, institutional ownership and audit committee did not influence environmental investment. Finally, the finding indicated that environmental investments positively affected firm financial performance. Research limitations/implications: This research only covered companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges and receiving PROPER awards. Thus, the findings cannot be generalized for all companies in Indonesia and other markets.
Originality/value: This study is the first effort intended to investigate the determinants and consequences of environmental investment which have been ignored by previous studies, especially in the Asian emerging markets.
This study at least provides us with two main contributions. First, the findings on determinants of environmental investment can be used by governments in Asian countries, especially Indonesia as a reference in making policies concerning the obligations of companies to the environmental problems. Second, the finding on the relationship of environmental investment and financial performance can be used by companies as strategies to generate profits without destroying the environment. © , Emerald Publishing Limited.
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Author keywords
Audit committee Company size Environmental investment Firm performance Institutional ownership Ownership PROPER Types of industry
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Journal of Asia Business Studies
Volume 13, Issue 3, 8 July 2019, Pages 433-449
Chariri, A. Nasir, M. Januarti, I. Daljono, D.
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Environmental Disclosure | Sustainability Reporting | Global Reporting Initiative
ISSN: 15587894 Source Type: Journal Original language: English
DOI: 10.1108/JABS-05-2017-0061 Document Type: Article
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.
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7/9/2020 Journal of Asia Business Studies: Vol. 13 Iss. 3 | Emerald Insight
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Differences in organization citizenship behavior between “serumpun” countries (Indonesia – Malaysia) Suharnomo Suharnomo, Fathyah Hashim
This paper aims to examine the e ect of job motivation and commitment on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of Indonesian and Malaysian employees. Organizational…
PDF (153 KB)Controlling shareholders and the effect of diversification on firm value: evidence from Indonesian listed firms Rayenda Khresna Brahmana, Doddy Setiawan, Chee Wooi Hooy
The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the presence of controlling shareholder a ects the value of diversi cation based on Indonesian listed rms. It…
ALTMETRICS
PDF (665 KB)Preparedness for ASEAN Economic Community (AEC): a case study of Malaysian SME manufacturing sector Shelen W.H. Ho
The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) initiative poses both signi cant opportunities and di cult challenges to the Malaysian SME communities. This study aims to…
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Rethinking on growth mechanism of Indian sugar industry Sheetal, Rajiv Kumar
The purpose of this paper is to revisit the growth mechanism of Indian sugar industry by deploying quantitative and qualitative metaphors.
PDF (1.1 MB)Determinants and consequences of environmental investment: an empirical study of Indonesian firms Anis Chariri, Mohammad Nasir, Indira Januarti, Daljono Daljono
This study aims to examine the e ect of institutional ownership, audit committee and types of industry on environmental investment. Furthermore, this research…
PDF (296 KB)Does focus strategy work? A study of bank loan portfolios in Indonesia Apriani Dorkas Rambu Atahau, Tom Cronje
The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of loan concentration on the returns of Indonesian banks and examines whether bank ownership types a ect the…
PDF (603 KB)Curvilinear relationship between intra-team trust and team innovation: the moderating role of task complexity Hidajat Hendarsjah, Ely Susanto, Bambang Riyanto Lies Sugianto, Tarsisius Hani Handoko
This paper aims to identify the relationship pattern between intra-team trust and team innovation and the in uence of moderating variable task complexity on the…
PDF (186 KB)COVID-19: information on accessing the platform o -site here. Please visit our page.
Welcome DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
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Differences in organization citizenship behavior between “ serumpun ” countries (Indonesia – Malaysia)
Suharnomo Suharnomo and Fathyah Hashim
Abstract
Purpose–This paper aims to examine the effect of job motivation and commitment on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of Indonesian and Malaysian employees. Organizational and national cultures are introduced as moderators and OCB as a mediator to investigate their relationships in the context of job performance.
Design/methodology/approach–The sample was drawn from employees using a purposive sampling method. A total of 264 valid questionnaires were obtained from employees. The data were analyzed using regression analysis.
Findings–The results show that job commitment and job motivation positively affect OCB in Indonesia but not Malaysia. The results also reveal that job motivation affects OCB in both countries. In Indonesia, organizational culture and national culture partially moderate the influence of job commitment and motivation on OCB, except the commitment to the organization’s culture. However, roles of these moderators in job commitment and motivation are not evident in Malaysia. The result of this study also shows that OCB affects performance in Malaysia but not Indonesia.
Practical implications–The results of this study can be used to explore Indonesian and Malaysian employees. Although the culture of these two countries is originated from the same roots which cause many similarities among them, there are differences in terms of OCB and employee’s performance that can affect organizational performance and also ways in dealing business with Indonesian and Malaysian companies.
Originality/value–This study is one of the first studies to examine cross-cultural dimensions in two Southeast Asian countries. The findings contribute to the current OCB literature by confirming the roles of OCB and culture in the effects of job motivation and commitment on job performance.
Keywords Organizational commitment, Organizational citizenship behavior, Organizational culture, Job performance, National culture, Job motivation, cross-cultural comparison
Paper typeResearch paper
Introduction
Researchers in various fields have highlighted the importance of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) to the success of an organization (Podsakoffet al., 2000).
OCB refers to individual work behavior beyond the call of duty that in aggregate benefits the effective functioning of the organization. “Beyond the call of duty” implies that the positive behaviors may or may not be rewarded by a formal reward system (Organet al., 2006).
Several antecedents of OCB have been suggested, including job motivation and organizational commitment (Podsakoff et al., 2000), motivation (Barbuto et al., 2001;
Penner,et al., 1997;Tang and Ibrahim, 1998) and organizational commitment (Alizadeh et al., 2012;Ibrahim and Aslinda, 2013;Shirley, 2010). Employees with strong commitment
Suharnomo Suharnomo is based at the Department of Management, Universitas Diponegoro Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Semarang, Indonesia.
Fathyah Hashim is based at Graduate School of Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia.
Received 27 December 2016 Revised 25 May 2017 21 June 2017 11 August 2017 Accepted 5 October 2017
DOI10.1108/JABS-12-2016-0178 VOL. 13 NO. 3 2019, pp. 349-361,©Emerald Publishing Limited, ISSN 1558-7894
j
JOURNAL OF ASIA BUSINESS STUDIESj
PAGE 349show more extra-role behavior (Gasic and Pagon, 2004) and tend to have higher performance than employees without commitment (Shirley, 2010). A motivated employee with strong commitment toward the organization will be more likely to engage in OCB.
However, levels of job motivation and commitment are often related to culture (Tsui et al., 2007). Culture is unique and inherent, and cultural differences can have significant effects even within the same large umbrella culture, such as Asian culture.
Taormina and Gao (2008) revealed differences in in culture between two similar Chinese cultures in the context of work enthusiasm.Hua et al. (2013) also observed differences in culture among nine Asian countries, albeit in the slightly different context of the volume-price variability relationship. Thus, similar cultures can have significant differences, and cultural understanding becomes essential.
Of the many frameworks available to understand culture,Hofstede’s (1980)national cultural dimensions are considered the most comprehensive in describing cultural differences and their implications in different settings, namely work, school and day-to-day basis (Shackleton and Ali, 1990;Triandis, 1982; andSchuler and Rogovsky, 1998). Despite the ability of the framework to explain cultural differences, the use of the framework to examine job motivation, organizational commitment and organizational culture has not been thoroughly explored.
The objective of this study was to further explore OCB in two countries, Indonesia and Malaysia. These two countries share the “serumpun” context; many view these two countries as almost identical, with the same culture. Research conducted byHofstede (1980) also indicates that the national cultures of Indonesia and Malaysia are very similar. However, empirical evidence suggesting that the impacts of job motivation and commitment on OCB are similar in these two countries is very limited.
Therefore, this study aimed to obtain insight in the “serumpun” context by examining the similarity of these two countries and the role of culture in the differences between Indonesian and Malaysian employees’ perceptions of their level of job motivation and organizational commitment and their influences on OCB. This study also estimates the consequences of OCB for employee job performance. The implication of the findings is discussed.
Indonesia and Malaysia – comparative analysis
Indonesia and Malaysia share similar traits in Hofstede’s national cultural dimensions (Hofstede et al., 2010). Both countries have large power distance indexes, collectivistic societies, low masculinity and uncertainty avoidance. These cultural similarities have hindered empirical comparisons (Table I).
Cross-cultural comparison studies have placed greater emphasis on studying cultural differences between two or more countries of Western and Eastern culture (Haybatollahi and Gyekye, 2015). However, closer examination reveals that Malaysia scores a full 100 on the power distance dimension. Indonesia has a very high value of 78, but according toSmit (2015), a 10-point difference in the power distance score is sufficient for persons outside
Table I Cultural dimension scores for Malaysia and Indonesia Dimension
Indonesia Malaysia
Score Category Score Category
Power Distance 78 Large PD 100 Large PD
Individualism vs Collectivism 14 Collectivist 26 Collectivist
Masculinity vs Femininity 46 Low Masculine 50 Low Masculine
Uncertainty Avoidance (UA) 48 Weak UA 36 Weak UA
Source:Hofstedeet al.(2010)
j j
Rethinking on growth mechanism of Indian sugar industry
Sheetal and Rajiv Kumar
Abstract
Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to revisit the growth mechanism of Indian sugar industry by deploying quantitative and qualitative metaphors.
Design/methodology/approach–The research paper has been composed through comprehensive primary research survey using a structured questionnaire, and qualitative discussion following semi- structured interviews with industry professionals on emerging issues across the whole value chain of sugar industry. Respondents regarding primary survey were selected using the purposive sampling, and this collected quantitative information has been verified on the lenses of multiple stream modelling (MSM).
Findings–To support the data analysis, MSM–a policy-making framework has been developed which found that government being a central construct exerts a profound presence across whole value chain; in suppliers’ mechanism, marketing of sugar and sugar mills’ infrastructural expansions. Nationwide uniformity in sugar policy instead of states’ monopolistic policies, rational and mutual benefits-based decisions collectively by the government, mills management and sugarcane growers, and diversification in production processes are enumerated as the proposed solutions against the chronical industry problems.
Practical implications–This study enriches extant Asian sugar industry literature. For policymakers, the proposed results should be of help in identifying specific policies to support the competitiveness of local systems and individual manufacturing companies in the Indian sugar industry suggesting that the development of growth mechanisms can contribute simultaneously to improve the financial, market and operational performance of both individual firms and supply chains.
Originality/value–Cyclicality in production, rising sugarcane farmers’ problems and resulting severe financial distress of mills are some of the topical issues of Indian sugar industry, and the study has explored these issues factually, quantitatively and qualitatively in proximity of industry professionals and described in this depository with the help of document analysis.
Keywords India, Growth, Diversification, Protectionism, Decontrolling, Sugar industry Paper typeResearch paper
1. Introduction
Twenty-first century is in the name of Asia, and Asian economy is mainly agriculture driven.
Agro industries like sugar is an immense source of revenue and employment in rural areas in discussed economies. Asian sugar industry is exploring the world sugar trade year by year like Thailand has become world’s second largest exporter after Brazil, Indonesia being third largest importer after India and China and Philippines’s continuous efforts towards being a versatile exporter over the decades are some of the instances of Asian nations’
participation in distorted world sugar economy (Solomon et al., 2016). Home to second world sugar production and first in sugar consumption, India itself has been able to sustain among top ten sugar exporters of the world in the past five years. Moreover, Indian sugar industry generates huge revenues; approximately Rs 25 bn annually to the exchequer of India and yields numerous social and economic benefits to sugarcane growers (Solomon, 2016;Sawhney, 2002). Given such prominent role of sugar industry to India’s economy, it is Sheetal and Rajiv Kumar
are both based at the Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.
Received 31 December 2016 Revised 26 June 2017 8 November 2017
Accepted 22 November 2017 The authors are indebted with the anonymous referees for the useful comments that greatly improved the final manuscript.
PAGE 412
j
JOURNAL OF ASIA BUSINESS STUDIESj
VOL. 13 NO. 3 2019, pp. 412-432,©Emerald Publishing Limited, ISSN 1558-7894 DOI10.1108/JABS-12-2016-0182Does focus strategy work? A study of bank loan portfolios in Indonesia
Apriani Dorkas Rambu Atahau and Tom Cronje
Abstract
Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of loan concentration on the returns of Indonesian banks and examines whether bank ownership types affect the relationship between concentration and returns.
Design/methodology/approach – This research uses heuristic measures of concentration: The Hirschman–Herfindahl index and Deviation from Aggregated Averages are applied to Indonesian banks across all sectors. The data covers the pre and post global financial crises periods from 2003-2011 for 109 commercial banks in Indonesia. Panel feasible generalised least squares analysis was applied.
Findings–The findings show that loan concentration increases bank returns. The positive effect of concentration on returns tends to be more significant for domestic-owned banks. In addition, the interaction effect shows that the positive effect of concentration on returns is less for foreign-owned banks.
Research limitations/implications–The Indonesian central bank changes to the reporting format of sectoral loan allocation by banks since 2012 in terms of the Indonesian Banking Statistics Details of Enhancement matrix requires separate data analysis for 2012 onwards. The findings of this paper could be enhanced by more detailed data like interest rate expenses and bank level sectoral non-performing loans data.
Practical implications–The findings suggest that a focus strategy provides better returns. Moreover, bank ownership types is an important factor to consider when setting a bank lending policy.
Originality/value–This paper is among the few studies where different measures of loan concentration in combination with measures of return are applied in Indonesia as an emerging Asian country. The research also provides evidence of the impact of concentration on the interest earnings of the loan portfolios of banks in addition to return on assets and return on equity that are generally applied as measures of return in previous research.
Keywords Concentration, Deviation from aggregated average, Heuristic measures, HHI Paper typeResearch paper
1. Introduction
Loan portfolios, similar to stock or bond portfolios, consist of combinations of loans that have been issued or purchased and are being held for repayment (Scott, 2003). Such loan portfolios of banks may be concentrated or diversified across products and sectors/segments with consideration of the magnitude of intrinsic risks constituting the portfolios. These risks include interest rates, loss probabilities (Scott, 2003), cash flows, maturities, (Sathyeet al., 2003), central bank regulations (Rossiet al., 2009) and expertise dimensions (Cronje, 2013).
Unacceptable levels of loan concentration caused many past bank failures (Dullmann and Masschelein, 2006) and had the most significant impact on the solvency of banks (Deutsche Bundesbank, 2006).Cronje (2013)on the other hand, states that banks, which only lend to certain industrial or geographic sectors, are likely to gain enriched expertise about those sectors, and hence, may be able to manage the risks better than banks that are more diversified.
Apriani Dorkas Rambu Atahau is based at Department of
Management, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga, Indonesia.
Tom Cronje is based at School of Economics, Finance and Property, Faculty of Business and Law, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.
Received 9 November 2017 Revised 22 May 2018 Accepted 10 September 2018
j j
Curvilinear relationship between
intra-team trust and team innovation: the moderating role of task complexity
Hidajat Hendarsjah, Ely Susanto, Bambang Riyanto Lies Sugianto and Tarsisius Hani Handoko
Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to identify the relationship pattern between intra-team trust and team innovation and the influence of moderating variable task complexity on the relationship. It also describes why and how intra-team trust is a unique antecedent for team innovation, as too much or too less influence of the variable can have detrimental effects on team innovation.
Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses survey research. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to work teams. After the individual-level data were aggregated into team-level data, hierarchical linier regression was conducted to test the hypotheses.
Findings–The paper provides empirical findings that (1) intra-team trust and team innovation have a curvilinear relationship pattern, (2) task complexity does not influence curvilinear relationship (3) and the increase in task complexity improves the possibility of team innovation to occur.
Research limitations/implications–The paper has two limitations. First, as intra-team trust was also represented by aggregated perception of team members’ trust for outside parties (not only members’
perception for their teams), the future research is expected to include the representation in the instrument. Second, recent research studies have shown that contextual factor of task interdependence, instead of task complexity, also had an effect on the relationship pattern between intra-team trust and team performance (i.e. team innovation). Therefore, for future researchers, it is suggested that the use of task interdependence would be an alternative moderating variable on the relationship between intra- team trust and team innovation.
Practical implications–The paper discusses the strategy to enhance team innovation by revealing strategies to manage interplay among intra-team trust, team complexity and the desired team innovation.
Originality/value–The paper identifies the need to conduct empirical research on how an interplay among intra-team trust, task complexity and team innovation could be enabled.
Keywords Trust, Innovation, Organizational behaviour, Teams and teamwork Paper typeResearch paper
Introduction
Innovation has a significant role for teams in organization. Through innovation, teams have a greater chance to survive better when dealing with changing environment by adapting and implementing their innovative solutions (Van de Ven, 1986;O’Reilly and Tushman, 1997;
Drach-Zahavy and Somech, 2001). In line with the argument,Haverman (1992)asserts that there is a positive relationship between team innovation and organizational survival in an organizational ecological system. Coping with uncertainty is common situations when teams innovate (Rogers, 1983). Further O’Reilly and Tushman (1997) and Drach-Zahavy and Somech (2001)argue that intra-team trust would play an important role when teams are dealing with uncertainty (as teams innovate).
Hidajat Hendarsjah is based at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.
Ely Susanto is based at the Department of Public Policy and Management, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Bambang Riyanto Lies Sugiantoc and
Tarsisius Hani Handokod are both based at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Received 28 December 2016 Revised 16 July 2017 7 January 2018
Accepted 16 January 2018
PAGE 472