1
THE EFFECT OF PARTICIPATION IN EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITY (ENGLISH CLUB) TOWARD STUDENTS’
ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENT
Cintya Aliffianur
English Education Department, STKIP PGRI SUMBAR, olovers_blue@ymail.com
Sesmiyanti, S.S., M.Pd
1and Syayid Sandi Sukandi, S.S., M.A
2Abstract
This research has purpose to see whether there is a significant effect between high and low students’ participation in English Club activity toward students’ English achievement. Type of this research is quantitative research with research method is causal comparative. In selecting the sample, researcher used purposive sampling. Sample in this research is all of eighth grade students academic year 2015/2016 that ever followed English Club when they were seventh grade students with amount 28 students. In collecting the data, researcher used questionnaire and document.
Questionnaire used to find students who have high and low participation in English Club activity.
From questionnaire, researcher found that from 28 students who followed English Club activity, there are 17 students have high participation and 11 students have low participation. Next, in balancing the data, researcher took 20 English grade’s students (10 students with high participation and 10 students with low participation). Based on data analysis, researcher found hypotheses was rejected because t-calculated is smaller than t-table. Therefore, it can be concluded that students who have high participation in English Club activity do not prove have high English achievement.
In other words, students who have low participation in English Club activity do not prove have low English achievement.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah ada pengaruh tinggi dan rendahnya partisipasi siswa dalam kegiatan English Club terhadap hasil belajar bahasa inggris siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode penelitian kausal komparatif. Dalam menentukan sampel, peneliti menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas delapan tahun ajaran 2015/2016 yang pernah mengikuti kegiatan English club pada saat mereka kelas tujuh yang jumlahnya 28 orang siswa. Dalam mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan angket dan dokumen. Instrumen angket digunakan untuk menemukan siswa yang memiliki partisipasi yang tinggi dan rendah dalam kegiatan English club. Dari instrumen angket, peneliti menemukan bahwa dari 28 orang siswa yang mengikuti English club ada 17 orang siswa yang mempunyai partisipasi yang tinggi dan 11 orang siswa yang mempunyai partisipasi yang rendah. Selanjutnya untuk membuat data seimbang, peneliti mengambil nilai bahasa inggris 20 siswa (10 siswa yang berpartisipasi tinggi dan 10 siswa yang berpartisipasi rendah). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, peneliti menemukan hipotesis ditolak karena t-hitung lebih kecil dari t-tabel. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa yang memiliki partisipasi yang tinggi dalam kegiatan English club tidak terbukti akan mempunyai nilai bahasa inggris yang tinggi. Dengan kata lain, siswa yang memiliki partisipasi yang rendah dalam kegiatan English club belum tentu akan mempunyai nilai bahasa inggris yang rendah.
Key words: English Achievement, English Club and Participation.
INTRODUCTION
Students’ participation is students’
responsibility to participate not only in but also out of class activities. An activity that is
out of the class allows students to meet and interact with peers that may not be with their close group of friends. Because education is not always about explaining material in the class or reading the textbook for students, but
2 also education is a place where students can
learn how to compromise and work in a group out of the class with their peers.
Therefore, the lives of students are substantially enriched by their participation in organized extracurricular activities.
Extracurricular activities are any activities that facilitate learning outside the classroom, and it is not directly relevant to the course.
There are many types of Extracurricular activities. According to Adeyemo (2010:3)
“These kinds of activities include recreational activities sports, school clubs, skills and interest such as arts and crafts, dance, music and more. Depending on the school district, there is usually a wide variety offered”.
Then, Annu and Sunita (2013:1) explains that
“there are many forms of extracurricular activities such as sports, clubs, governance, student newspaper, music, art, and drama”.
Shewmaker (2015:117) notes that “Several different types of extracurricular activities, such as sports and clubs (language clubs, academic clubs, student council, band or orchestra, etc.)”.
It can be said that there are many types of extracurricular activity that can be followed by students. One of the type of extracurricular activity is English club.
English club is an activity which students can learn English in joy environment.
According to Kurniawan (2010:2) “English Club program is a language-learning program that is to enhance the students’ English achievement, especially in mastering their speaking skill”. Enriching student language program is needed to enhance students’
language proficiency in school. Another aim of language learning program is to support the students’ academic achievement. It means that English Club is an activity out of class activity useful to increase students’ language proficiency English subject. Students join with English Club because they have interest to English subject.
Next, NGO English Club Network (2013:11) adds that English clubs in schools are the first structures to provide English learning through entertainment after classes. It examines that English club is club that provide material
about English that is out of class activities.
The activiities also aims as entertainment for students beside they have to study about English subject.
Students’ Participation in Extracurricular activity, in this case is english club is students who are active to follow all of the activities in English club. Students’ Participation in each of English club activities different each other.
The differences of it, we know from students’
effort to reach what they have to reach.
Suryosubroto (2012:288) notes that to measure students’ participation in extracurricular activity is
a. Tingkat kehadiran dalam pertemuan b. Jabatan yang dipegang
c. Pemberian saran, usulan, kritik dan pendapat bagi peningkatan organisasi d. Kesediaan anggota untuk berkorban e. Motivasi anggota
It can be said that students who are categorized active in extracurricular activity (English club) based on their attendance in meeting or training. Their position in the activities, giving suggestion, critic, and opinion for increasing organizations, their readiness to sacrificial for example by following the event of activities and members’ motivation.
In this research, the problem is limited to focus on the find the effect of participation in extracurricular activity (English club) toward students’ English achievement at eighth grade students of MTsN Model Padang. The researcher has some purposes to do this research. The main purposes of this research is to find out the significant effect of participation in extracurricular activity (English club) toward students’ English achievement at eighth grade students of MTsN Model Padang
RESEARCH METHOD
The design of this research is Causal- Comparative research or also called Ex post facto (after the fact) research. According to Ary, Lucy, Asghar and Christine (2010:332)
“ex post facto research is conducted after variation in the variable of interest has already been determined in the natural course of events.” This method is sometimes called
3 causal comparative because its purpose is to
investigate cause-and-effect relationships between independent and dependent variables. The independent variable is students’ participation and dependent variable is students’ English achievement.
The data were the students’ participation in English Club questionnaire and English final score when the students were at seventh grade that given by English teacher in MTsN Model Padang. There were thirteen classes at eighth grade students of MTsN Model Padang with total of students 515 students. In this research, the researcher took the data by using purposive sampling. Babbie (2008:204) writes that “purposive sampling, also called judgmental sampling, select sample on the basis of knowledge, its elements, and the purpose of the study”.
Therefore, researcher chose eighth grade students of MTsN Model Padang who participate in extracurricular activity that is English club. The total number of the sample who participate in this activity was 28 students.
Next, referring on the data that gotten from questionnaires, the researcher also did the purposive sampling as a second technique to select sample. There were 28 students as sample previously. The researcher would consideration the balancing of the result of the data. For example, if the result of students’ high participation is 15 students and low participation is 13 students. It means that the data are not balance. For consideration the balancing of the select the sample, the researcher took 10 students’ high participation and 10 students’ low participation
In collecting the data for this research, the researcher did several steps, first the researcher gave the questionnaire to the sample. Then, the researcher analized it.
Next, the researcher collected the English final score from the teacher who taught the sample when they were at seventh grade students of MTsN Model Padang.
After collecting the data, the researcher analyzed it. There were two kinds of the instruments that were analyzed; students’
participation in English Club questionnaire and students’ English achievement. First, the data was analyzed by scoring the students’
particpation in English Club questionnaire.
The result of questionnaire was found by sum up the total respon’s score from the questionnaire. The students’ score of questionnaire is calculated by using formula (Sudjana, 2002: 50):
𝑃 = 𝑓
𝑁 X 100%
Where:
P : Percentage of students score F : Sum of students score N : score maximum
To determine the score of interpretation criteria, it was based on Arikunto (2010:
146) as follow:
Point of Continuum
Weight of questionnaire
4 Very High
3 High
2 Low
1 Very Low
After the score of questionnaire and score have been known, the researcher analyzed them by formula Gay and Airasian (2000:485
):
In this case:
𝐷 = Difference between the matched pairs of scores
𝑋2 = Students with high participation’s score 𝑋1 = Students with low participation’s score 𝐷 = Means score
N = Number of pairs
∑𝐷= Sum of difference between the matched pairs scores
𝑫 = (𝑿𝟐− 𝑿𝟏) 𝑫 = ∑𝑫𝑵
4 Furthermore, to find out the effect of
participation in extracurricular activity (English club) toward students’ English achievement between students who have high and low participation in the activity, the researcher analyzed it by using t-test for Causal Comparative.
T-test was taken from Gay and Airisian (2000:485)
In this case : t = t value 𝐷 = mean score
∑𝐷2 = Their squares (∑𝐷)2 = Their sum N = Number of pair
In this research, there are two hypothesis as follow:
a. 𝐻0 high participation does not effect on students’ English achievement, if the value of t calculated is smaller than 𝑡 table at the level significant 0,05
b. 𝐻1 high participation effect on students English’ achievement, if the value of 𝑡 calculated is bigger than 𝑡 table at the level significant 0,05.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
To find the effect of participation in extracurricular activity (English Club) toward students’ English achievement, there were two kind of the instruments that were used by the researcher. They were questionnaire and document.
The researcher find out there were 17 students of MTsN Model Padang academic years 2015/2016 who participate in extracurricular activity (English club) when they were at seventh grade students who are categorized as high participant and 11 students who are categorized as low participant
The Differences Between High And Low Participant
𝐷 = ∑𝐷
𝑁
= 54
= 5,4 10 t-calculated
𝑡 = 𝐷
∑𝐷2−(∑𝐷) 𝑁
2
𝑁 ( 𝑁 − 1)
= 5,4 652 − 5,42
10 (10 − 1)10
= 5,4
652 − 2,916 90
= 5,4 7,21
= 5,4
2,69= 2,01 t-calculated = 2,01
Degrees of freedom 𝑑𝑓 = 𝑛 − 1
= 10 − 1
= 9
Degrees of significance 𝛼 = 0,05 Then, t table
𝑡 𝛼,𝑑𝑓 = 𝑡 0.05,9 = 𝑡 − 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 2,26 Comparing t-calculated and t-table
t-calculated = 2,01 t-table = 2,26 2,01 < 2,26 t-calculated < t-table
After analyzing the data and calculating students’ English score by using t-test, the researcher found that t-calculated was 2,01, it was lower than t-table (2,26) with degree of freedom (df) = 9 and at level of significance 0.05. Therefore, the table value for t required for rejected because t-calculated = 2,01 lower than t-table 2,26.
𝒕 = 𝑫
∑𝑫𝟐−(∑𝑫) 𝑵
𝟐
𝑵 ( 𝑵 − 𝟏)
5 In conclusion, based on the data analysis and
findings of this research, the researcher got that the students who have high participation in extracurricular activity (English club) do not proof will have high English achievement and the students who have low participation do not proof will have low English achievement. The reason is they almost have same high English score. Eventhough, they do not participate in English Club but they have high English achievement. Furthermore, to proof the findings of this research, the researcher got t-calculated = 2,01 lower than t-table 2,26.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION In conducting this research, the researcher distributed the questionnaires to eighth grade students of MTsN Model Padang who participate in extracurricular activity (English club). In this research, the researcher compared the students who participate in extracurricular activity (English club) between high participant and low participant.
In order to know the effect of participation in extracurricular activity (English club) toward students’ English achievement, the researcher used document about students’ English score that was gotten from English teacher.
Based on the data analysis, the researcher found that t-calculated was 2,01, it was lower than t-table (2,26) at the degree of freedom 9 and at level of significance 0,05. Therefore, it could be concluded that the students who are categorized as high participant in extracurricular activity (English club) do not proof will have high English achievement and the students who are categorized as low participant in extracurricular activity (English club) do not proof will have low English achievement.
Next, it was also found that through high participation in extracurricular activity (English club) will not give significant effect toward students’ English achievement.
Furthermore, the students who have low participation in extracurricular activity (English Club) may have good background knowledge in English even though they do not participate in English club. In conclusion, the students who are categorized as high
participant do not proof have high English achievement and the students who are categorized as low participant do not proof have low English achievement.
Based on the finding of this research, the researcher would like to give some suggestions:
1. For the students, English club is one of activity out of school activity that is useful to improve English subject. Even though, it can not be proven that through high participation in extracurricular activity (English club) affect students’ English achievement.
2. For the next researcher who wants to measure deeply the effect of participation in extracurricular activity especially English club, the researcher suggests to see the effect of the activity toward students’ English performance in the regular class. Because English club is an activity that also ask the students to show their performance, the next researcher can see whether the activity have good effect toward students’ English performance in the regular class.
Overall, this research informs us that through high participation in extracurricular activity (English club) do not proof have significant effect toward English achievement.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researcher expresses her gratitude to her advisors, Sesmiyanti, S.S M.Pd and Syayid Sandi Sukandi, S.S M.A who have given advice and helped the researcher to complete her thesis from writing research proposal until finishing this research report.
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