Tên dự án: Các phương pháp hiệu quả nâng cao kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh cho sinh viên năm thứ nhất trường Đại học Công nghệ & Quản lý Hải Phòng. Nội dung và yêu cầu cần giải quyết trong đồ án tốt nghiệp. Nơi làm việc: Trường Đại học Quản lý Công nghệ Hải Phòng Nội dung giảng dạy: Các phương pháp hiệu quả nâng cao kỹ năng nói tiếng Anh cho sinh viên năm thứ nhất Trường Đại học Công nghệ & Quản lý Hải Phòng.
GIẢNG VIÊN TỐT NGHIỆP MẪU BÌNH LUẬN Họ tên giảng viên: Bùi Thị Mai Anh. Đơn vị công tác: Khoa Ngôn ngữ - Đại học Quản lý & Công nghệ Hải Phòng Họ tên sinh viên: Nguyễn Xuân Minh Môn học chính: Tiếng Anh Nội dung giảng dạy: Các phương pháp nâng cao kỹ năng nói hiệu quả. Tâm lý và thái độ của sinh viên trong quá trình tốt nghiệp.
Họ và tên sinh viên: Nguyễn Xuân Minh Môn học chính: Tiếng Anh Tốt nghiệp Chuyên đề: Phương pháp nâng cao kỹ năng Nói hiệu quả.
Rationale
Aims of the study
Research questions
Scope of the study
Methods of the study
Organization of the study
LITERATURE REVIEW
Speaking skill
- Definition of speaking
- Types of speaking
- The important of speaking skill
Speaking is the most important skill because it is one of the skills required to have a conversation. Rivers (1987) studied language use outside the classroom and concluded that speaking is used twice as much as reading and writing combined. Efrizal (2012) stated that speaking is of great importance for the interaction between people, where they speak everywhere and every day.
For example, in The Grammar-Translation method, reading and writing were the important skills, and speaking and listening skills were not very important. According to Ur (2000), of all the four language skills called speaking, listening, reading and writing, speaking is the most important one which is very necessary for effective communication.
Difficulties in learning speaking skill
- Difficulties in speaking English of English major freshmen
- Factors affecting students’ English speaking
He stated that when students speak, their speaking is evidence that they have mastered the language. Low self-esteem: One of the problems that students often faced was low self-esteem. It turns out that lack of self-confidence has become one of the problems in speaking. It was in line with Shatz and Wilkinson (2010) who stated that there are some common grammar problems faced by English language learners such as incorrect use of preposition, articles, past tense and third person singular.
Students' speaking performance is affected by factors such as performance conditions, affective factors, listening ability, and feedback during speaking tasks (Tuan & Mai, 2015). Oxford (1990) said that one of the important factors in learning a language is the affective side of students. Many students expect their teachers to give them the necessary feedback on their speaking performance.
According to Harmer (1991), the decisions that instructors make regarding their learners' performance depend on the stages of the lesson, the tasks and the types of mistakes they make. It was suggested that instructors should always positively correct their learners' mistakes and give them more support and persuasion while speaking. According to Mahripah (2014), learners' speaking skills are influenced by some linguistic components of language such as phonology, syntax, vocabulary and semantics and psychological factors such as motivation and personality.
They may make certain mistakes syntactically, but these mistakes do not change the meaning of the sentences they want to express, and this does not create serious problems for listeners to understand them. The above sentences support the view that communicative competence alone is not sufficient for students to improve their speaking skills. Weak students usually do not want to speak in front of strong ones, which leads to their silence throughout the class activity.
METHODOLOGY
- Participants
- Data collection instruments
- Data collection procedure
- Data analysis methods
An interview is conducted with 3 students in 1 class of K24 in the Faculty of Foreign Languages at the Hai Phong University of Technology and Management. This aim is to collect students' ideas about the factors that influence the English speaking skill and suggestions to improve it. The interview data analysis will be presented with the collected data from the questionnaire in each part.
The collection of data in the study was taken from the students who are in the branch of the Faculty of Foreign Languages. To collect information about the learning issues of English speaking skills of first-year English major students at Hai Phong University of Technology and Management, first of all, 25 survey questionnaires were administered to the students. The data are analyzed in this part of the study in the following tables and graphs which show the answers to the questions in the questionnaires.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
Difficulties of English major freshmen in speaking classes at HPU
This is the same as the number of learners who find learning to speak normal (12%) or easy (4%). Despite the difficulties in learning the speaking skill, 20% of the learners really like this skill and 48% of them like it. Finally, English speaking is a favorite subject of students, despite the fact that most of them find it difficult.
From the above diagram, it is clear that most students agree that learning speaking skills is very important, and 80% of them agree that it is very important. In conclusion, speaking skills are one of the most necessary skills to communicate in real life. In order to get more details about the students' actual situation in learning English speaking skills, the fourth question of the questionnaire was designed.
As can be seen from the bar chart above, most of the students liked learning from the dialogues. Only 8% of the learners think that poor equipment made it difficult for them to listen. The largest number of students (40%) find that the main reason for the difficulties in speaking is the limited time of practicing in class.
In addition to these factors, 2% of students also emphasize some other factors that influence their speaking, such as their background knowledge and pronunciation practice. Meanwhile, 12% of students rank interesting speech topics as the most influential factor and 32% admit they are influential. On the other hand, most students also have problems in applying the rules of derivation.
Many of the students do not pay attention to their study and follow a correct way and therefore this neglect makes them unable to perform English speaking skills effectively inside the classroom, 3 out of 25 participants (12%) mentioned that they have some limitation of following their investigation. Less frequent of the students' practice of short conversations among themselves, and this leads them to be in a low level of speaking skills, 2 participants out of 25 participants (8%), mentioned that they have suffered from limitation of the daily conversation practice.
Methods
The results showed that self-talk was the perfect approach that students should follow to overcome their problems related to speaking ability. 2 students out of 25 students, (8%) mentioned that they have strategies to overcome the weakness through communicating with native speakers online. 2 out of 25 students (8%) mentioned that they have ways to overcome weakness through thinking in English.
An example of this is as follows: Participant number one said: "We should develop conversational skills by thinking in English". An example of this is as follows: Participant number three said: "Retelling the story in English is an interesting method, it helps us overcome this weakness". In the results presented, 1 in 25 students (4%) mentioned that she focused on her pronunciation to overcome difficulties.
An example of that is as follows: Participant number eighteen said: "We need to focus on correct ways of pronouncing words". 1 in 25 students (4%) mentioned that he tried to speak English with strangers to overcome the weakness. An example of that is as follows: Participant number thirteen said: "We should use English in our daily conversations".
The results showed that students need to have a lot of vocabulary in order to overcome difficulties with speaking skills. According to the results, 1 in 25 students (4%) mentioned that they learn new words every day to overcome the weakness. An example of this is as follows: This participant said: "Students should focus on improving their vocabulary".
Findings and discussions
- Diffficulties of English major freshmen in speaking classes at HPU
- Methods to improve speaking skill of English major freshmen at HPU
If you already think in English, you need less time to produce or respond in everyday conversations. A good way to rethink is to keep a journal where you express your daily thoughts in English. It doesn't have to be perfect, it's more about getting your thoughts out in English with less and less effort.
You may know a lot of words, but if you don't say them right, you won't be understood. When using online dictionaries such as Macmillan and Merriam-Webster, use the little speaker symbol to check the pronunciation of any word you are unsure of. There are English pronunciation tutorials on YouTube or podcasts like English Pronunciation Pod or American English Pronunciation to teach you the many aspects of American English pronunciation.
Learning proper English pronunciation is essential to excel in conversations with English speakers and even in situations at school or at work. This is definitely something that all language learners struggle with and one of the best ways to overcome it is to get out there and practice. If you think you have what it takes, then go out and practice English with strangers.
Even if you only have time to learn one new word a day, it is. If you like listening to music, pay attention to the lyrics and remember the words you don't know. This chapter will discuss a summary of the main findings, limitations of the study and some suggestions for further studies.
Summary of the study
Limitations of the study
Despite the mentioned limitations, I hope that this research study will contribute to the better situation of teaching and learning English speaking skills in FFL, HPU.
Suggestions for further study
Proceedings of the 3rd UAD TEFL International Conference 2014 "Materials Development in Asia and Beyond: Directions, Issues and Challenges". Pupil's attitude towards foreign language learning and the development of literacy skills in bilingual education. Effective Methods to Improve Speaking Skills for English Freshmen at Hai Phong Technology & Management University.
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