Effectiveness of Inductive Thinking Learning Models in Narrative Writing

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6 (1) (2023) 121-125

Journal of Curriculum Indonesia

http://hipkinjateng.org/jurnal/index.php/jci

Effectiveness of Inductive Thinking Learning Models in Learning Factual Narrative Writing

Cecep Hendra, Encep Suherman, Agus Hamdani, Nizar Alam Hamdani Institut Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia

Keywords

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learning of inductive model, write, factual narrative essays _________________________

Abstract

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The background of this research is learning to write narrative essays that are less effective. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the inductive thinking learning model in the ability to write factual narrative essays. The population in this study were all students of class VIII MTs. Ma'arif Putrajawa, while the samples in this study were 21 students in class VIII A and 25 students in class VIII B. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental method. The data collection technique used is a test. Data processing techniques that researchers do is with (statistics). The instrument used is a subjective test. The results of data processing using the t test average the results of the ability to write factual narrative essays, namely the processing results of t test count (21.80) > t table (2.84). Because t count (21.80) > t table (2.84) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. That is, the use of inductive thinking learning models is effective in the ability to write factual narrative essays.

e-ISSN 2549-0338

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Journal of Curriculum Indonesia 6 (1) (2023) INTRODUCTION

Education is a gift that not everyone has. This is due to limited ability, economy, and environment.

Because education is a process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people which is carried out consciously through teaching, training, and research. Hamalik in Slameto (2010) states that

"education is also defined as a process in order to influence students so that they can adapt as best as possible to their environment so that it will cause changes in themselves that enable them to function strongly in people's lives".

Thus, through education students will know the potentials that exist within them. With education, one can have intelligence, noble character, personality, spiritual strength, and skills that are beneficial to oneself and society. According to Law no. 20 of 2003, the definition of education is a conscious and planned effort to create a learning atmosphere and learning process so that students actively develop their potential to have religious spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and skills, which are needed by themselves, society , nation and state. In addition, the purpose of education according to Law no. 2 of 1985 is to educate the nation's life and develop a complete human being, namely fear of God Almighty, knowledgeable, physically and mentally healthy, has noble character, is independent, has a solid personality and is responsible for the nation (Titik, 2017).

In today's life, writing skills are needed because it is one of the characteristics of an educated, educated person. In connection with this, Morsey (in Tarigan, 2008: 122) says that writing is used to report, inform and influence; and such aims and objectives can only be properly attained by those who can organize their thoughts and express them clearly. This clarity depends on thought, organization, use of words, and sentence structure.

Learning to write is still a popular research material. This condition is in line with the fact that learning to write still leaves a number of serious problems. One of the serious problems is the low ability of students in writing. Conditions related to learning to write at this time, students seem to think that writing is an easy thing without prior learning, the result is that students have difficulty finding ideas to write, one of which is processing the right words. still a cause for concern” (Yunus, 2002).

Applying a good strategy will help fulfill all the achievements from the failure of a writing lesson to a good lesson. The author will reveal a learning model that has something to do with efforts to design strategies in learning to write more effectively. "The learning model is a learning plan in class or learning in tutorials and to determine learning tools including books, films, computers, curricula, and others" (Joyce, 1992:4). In this context, the writer will develop learning to write with an inductive thinking learning model.

In this learning model students are expected and guided to think creatively because actually

"inductive thinking is innate and its existence is valid. It exists as a revolutionary work, bearing in mind that schools today have decided to teach in an illegitimate way and often undermine inborn capacity”

(Taba in Bruce & Weil, 2009:97). Several studies regarding writing skills and inductive thinking have been carried out, one of which is by Hamdani (2012) on Improving Mastery of Syntactic Elements through Inductive Learning Models. Then Husen, H., Nurjamin, A., Hermana, D., & Darmawan, D. (2018) research on the Application of Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Strategies to Improve Narrative Writing Ability.

The purpose of this research is as follows. (1) to find out how to use the inductive thinking learning model in learning to write factual narrative essays, (2) to find out the effectiveness of the inductive thinking learning model in learning to write factual narrative essays.

The results of this study are expected to provide benefits. (1) For teachers, it is hoped that it can improve the quality of learning Indonesian, it is hoped that it can become a strategy for solving problems that occur in teaching and learning activities, the information conveyed can add variations to teaching strategies, can be used as an alternative way of learning in teaching writing narrative essays so that make it easier for students to learn. (2) For other researchers, obtaining an overview of creative ways of teaching and learning Indonesian, in order to contribute knowledge to prospective researchers, provides provision of knowledge to be developed further.

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Journal of Curriculum Indonesia 6 (1) (2023)

METHODS

The method that the writer will use is a quasi-experimental method. This was done because in this study the authors conducted learning using a learning model. The experimental method is a research method that aims to explain the causal relationship (causality) between one variable and another (variable X and variable Y). To explain this causality relationship, the researcher must control and measure very carefully the research variables.

The technique used in this research is Quasi Experiment. Quasi experiments are experiments that have treatments, outcome measures, and experimental units but do not use random placement. Field research usually uses a quasi-experimental design. The design does not have strict restrictions on randomization, and at the same time can control validity threats. It is called a quasi-experiment because this experiment does not yet or does not have the characteristics of the actual experimental design because of the variables that should be controlled or manipulated. Therefore, the validity of the research becomes insufficient to be called a true experiment.

The purpose of this quasi-experimental research is to estimate pure experimental conditions in circumstances where it is not possible to control and or manipulate all relevant variables. This aims to reveal a causal relationship by involving a control group in addition to the experimental group, but the sorting of the two groups is not a random technique. This quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental research aims to explain the relationship between two actions, clarify the causes of an event, or both.

(Schumacher, 2001:329-351; Sukmadinata, 2007:203-212; and Suryabrata, 1992.

In this study, the researcher used a purposive sample because if it was used randomly it would be difficult to determine which sample to choose considering the number of students as many as nine classes from the population. Of the nine classes selected, Class VIII A and VIII B were the samples in this study.

The data collection technique carried out by the author in this study was to use a test. Then, to find out the results of the learning, in this study the authors used the t.test formula (Test of Two Average Differences) independent and non-independent. However, before the writer uses the t.test, he first tests the data using the x^2 (Chi Square) test to see whether the data is normal.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The data collection process carried out by researchers in this study was by conducting direct tests on Class VIII MTs students. Ma'arif Putrajawa 2018-2019 Academic Year. Before conducting the test, the researcher first prepared several requirements to carry out the teaching and learning process, such as making several RPPs and instruments that were appropriate and according to planning to support the data collection process.

When carrying out the teaching and learning process in class for a predetermined time, the researcher immediately gave a test in the form of an assignment to make a narrative essay. In making narrative essays students carry out two different activities, firstly students work on narrative essays before being given treatment (prates), secondly students work on the task of writing narrative essays after being given treatment (postates).

After the data has been collected, all data is analyzed and a score is obtained for each action, namely pre-test data collected by 21 subjects (students) with a total score of 214 with an average of 10.19 and posttest data for 21 subjects (students) with a total score of 312 with an average -average 14.85. In the process of data processing is done by normality test and homogeneity test. As a result, all pre-test and post-test assignment final score data are normally distributed and homogeneous. Then a t test was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the model in the class. Table 1 describes the results of the t-test of this study:

1) Look for t value.

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Formula :

Md

√^∑D2^(∑d)2N N (N−1)

Information :

Md : The average of the gain between pretest and posttest

D : The difference between the final test score and the initial test for each subject N : Number of subjects

Calculation : :

14,8

√⁶³⁸⁽⁻⁹⁶⁾²21 21 (21−1)

=

14,8

√⁶³⁸⁽⁹²¹⁶⁾21 21 (20)

=_√638 −438,8^14,8 420

=

14,8

√^199,2 420

= ^14,8

√0,47 = 21,80 t count : 21,80 2) Test Criteria

For Degrees of Freedom (Dd) = N – 1

= 21 – 1

= 20

Signification level: 0,995 t table = t (1¹

2) (Db) = t (0,995) (20) = 2,84 t table = 2,84

Accept Ho if the value of t count < t table Reject Ho if t count < t table

t count 21.80 > t table 2.84

Based on statistical tests, it was obtained that the average student learning outcomes in writing narrative essays using an inductive learning model in class VIII-A MTs. Ma'arif Putrajawa for the 2022- 2023 school year, which is 14.85, it can be concluded that t count is 21.80 > t table is 2.84. Because t count (21.80) > t table (2.84) then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that learning to write narrative essays using an inductive thinking learning model is effective in improving students' ability to write narrative essays in class VIII-B MTs. Ma'arif Putrajawa Academic Year 2022-2023, This means learning to write narrative essays using an effective inductive thinking learning model to improve students' ability to write narrative essays.

After knowing the effectiveness of writing narrative essays by going through statistical data processing, it has been found that the inductive thinking learning model has advantages and disadvantages.

The advantages of this learning model are that it can help students collect information and examine it carefully, process information into concepts, and learn to manipulate these concepts. Used gradually, this

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strategy can also improve students' ability to form concepts efficiently and increase the range of perspectives from which side they view information. The inductive model has a playback structure that evolves over time, inductive research is almost never short.

CONCLUSION

Research conducted at MTs. Ma'arif Putrajawa for the 2022-2023 academic year aims to determine the ability to write narrative essays for students who have been treated using an inductive thinking learning model in class VIII-B. To find out the results of the research, the class was given a pre-test and a final test in the form of an assignment. In order to obtain data that will be processed using statistical calculations.

Based on the formulation of the problem and the results of data analysis and discussion, the authors draw the following conclusions; First, the inductive thinking learning model is effective in the ability to write narrative essays in class VIII-B students; Second, the inductive thinking learning model is effective in the ability to write narrative essays in VIII-B class students is considered effective as a learning model.

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