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English education study program - STKIP West Sumatera [2016]
INSTRUMENTAL PARENTAL SUPPORT ON STUDENTS LEARNING ENGLISH ( A CASE STUDY OF SECOND GRADE STUDENTS AT SMPN II SOLOK SELATAN )
Nilam Sari, S.Pd
1)Sri Imelwaty, Ph.D
2)Willy Satria, M.Pd
3)1 English Education Department, STKIP PGRI West Sumatera, Gunung Semeru – Padang, nilamsari721994@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This research is aimed to find out instrumental parental support who work at the gold mining to their children in learning English at SMPN II Solok Selatan. It is support includes providing assistance, money, assignment, modifying the environment for children learning, and taking the time for support the children progress in learning English. This research implementation found some aspects of instrumental support from parents who work at the gold mining to their children in learning English. This research is qualitative research which design case study. The participant in this research is the parents from second grade students at SMPN II Solok Selatan . in getting the sample, the researcher used purposive sampling and critarion sampling. the researcher used individual interview of participant. Then, data analysis found that money, assignment, modifying the environment, and taking the time form instrumental parental support who work at the gold mining gave to their children in learning English.
Data analysis show that instrumental parental support who work at the gold mining by money made the children success in learning English on SMPN II Solok Selatan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dukungan instrumental orang tua yang bekerja di tambang emas kepada anak dalam belajar Bahasa Inggris di SMPN II Solok Selatan. Dukungan tersebut mencangkup dukungan menyediakan bantuan, uang, penugasan, memodifikasi lingkungan untuk belajar, dan meluangkan waktu untuk mendukung perkembangan anak dalam belajar bahasa inggris. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini menemukan beberapa aspek dukungan instrumental dari orang tua yang bekerja di tambang emas kepada anak dalam belajar bahasa inggris. penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain Case Study. Participant dalam penelitian ini adalah orangtua dari siswa kelas dua yang bekerja di tambang emas di SMPN II Solok Selatan. Dalam pengambilan sample peneliti menggunakan Purposive sampling dan criterion sampling. Dalam mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan wawancara yang dilakukan secara individual terhadap participant yang telah ditetapkan. Dari hasil analisa data, money, assignment, modifying the environment, and taking the time merupakan dukungan instrumental orangtua yang bekerja di tambang emas yang diberikan kepada anak dalam belajar bahsa inggris. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan bahwa dukungan instrumental orang tua yang bekerja di tambang emas melalui uang(money) membuat anak sukses dalam belajar bahasa inggris di SMPN II Solok Selatan.
Keywords : Instrumental Parental Support; Learning English.
2 1. Introduction
Instrumental parental support is one of a powerful lever for raising students’ achievement in school According to House & Khan and Malecky & Demaray in Kusumaningrum (2016:429) instrumental support includes providing assistance, money, assignment, modifying the environment, and taking the time.
1.1 Background of the research
The majority parents of students in second grade students at SMPN 11 Solok Selatan work at the gold mining. The gold mining location in Kecamatan Sangir Batang Hari(SBH) at Solok Selatan. The majority parents who work at the gold mining used traditional tools like (pandulang dan Panokok). The gold mining location is done by on the rivers in the forest. This location far away from society house. Therefore the parents could not do trip to go and return in one day.
From the house to the gold mining location could during 4 until 5 hours by road and river. It was one of the cause why their parents who work at the gold mining should stay in the location during 14 until 30 days, and only stayed at home during 3 until 4 days.
Then their parents must go to the gold mining for directness live.the researcher find the unique case were the parents are busy at the gold mining.
The researcher found that students whose parents who work at the gold mining of second grade students at SMPN 11 Solok Selatan still were success in learning English. This case the researcher found when teaching English, students actively participated and had more vocabulary. Based on explanation above, the researcher wants to explore the instrumental support by the parents who work at the gold mining to their children in learning English.
1.2 Research Question
The research seek to answer the following question What are the instrumental parental support which are given by the parents who work at the gold mining to their children in learning English second grade students of SMP N 11 Solok Selatan in 2016/2017 academic year?
2. Literature Review
According to House & Khan and Malecky & Demaray in Kusumaningrum (2016:429) instrumental support includes providing assistance, money, assignment, modifying the environment, and taking the time.
2.1 Providing asistance
Providing assistance is the ways parents’ support the children in learning. providing assistance, the parents assist in all students’ activity whether teaching learning
process or not. Eccles (2010:405) state that parents providing assistance and instruction, as reflected in the extent to which parents structure the task and coordinate their activity to children’s activity and needs. Then, Richard (2006:142) assert that Parents will instruct to keep activity challenging of the children to provide assistance necessary to help the children successful at their activity.
2.2 Money
Money or Financial is the important support from parents, with money parents’ support in facilitating childrens need in education or learning English such as paying English course and etc. Shapino in Elliott, (2008:2) state that parents transfers of money to pay for private schooling the children for important provisions in raising children academic. It is supported by Barker in Fahmi (2014:3) assert that the economic status of parents determines a lot in preparing facilities and learning tools needed by children. Support by using money or financial is important to children in learning at school and learning at home. By using money the parents can give the children’ need. The children need in learning English such as English dictionary, English book, pen, and etc. And also with the money or financial can make children be strong in learning.
2.3 Assignment
Assignment, the parents give assignment for childrens’
learning at home .Adelizzi (2011:94) The parents help the children to consider the order in which she will tackle the various assignments and make a schedule for the evening, putting down estimated start and finish time for each assignment. Be sure children understand the directions for each assignment. According to Adelizzi (2011:83) parents talk with their children about the topic linked to the homework assignment, which enables parents to evaluate their child’s concept and skill development. It can be said, parents discussion with the children about assignment for the children at home and at school. Then, the parents assign the children for study at home, such as task making homework and reading English book.
2.4 Modifying the environment
Modifying the environment is a way support from parents in supporting children such as give English learning environment at home for example take a picture vocabulary and table for learning in badroom.
Harms& Cliford in Nilsen, (2007:412) Parents develop an informal tool that adderesses the approaches to learning in the home environment, how the home the environment supports the children development (physical, language, cognitive, social, and emotional), and the issues of health, nutrition, and safety.
3 Information collected can be used in developing content and thinking about ways to design the learning environment to better support the children development.
2.5 Taking the time
According to Connolly (2011:188), the parents in taking time to come to school to see what children are doing. Then, Pierce (2011:6) state that parents nurturing is being in the beside children and taking time to children need. The parents can teach the children successfulness by availability the parents. It can be said, the parents taking the time to children if the children need their parents, such as parents taking the time to children learning, children playing, and take a rest.
3. Methodology Research Design
This research was qualitative research. The design of this research was ‘ Case Study”. According to Ary et al (2010:454) case study focused on a single unit ( individual, a group, a site, policy, a class, and a program) to produced an in-depth description that is rich and holistic. It was suitable with the purpose of this research.
Participants
In this research, participant was parents who work at the gold mining whose children at second grade students at SMPN 11 Solok Selatan
Data Collection
The data collection was semi-structure interview. Ary et al (2010:438) argue that semi-structured interview is an interview that doing with participant, and the interviewer may modify the format or question during the interview process.
Data Analysis
In getting the result of this research, research used four steps from Thomas (2003:5) which are Preparation of Raw Data Files (Data Cleaning), Close Reading of Data, Cretarion of Categories and Continuing Revision and Refinement of Category System
4. Finding and Discussion
The finding of this research which are relevant to the research question “What are the instrumental parental support which are given by the parents who work at the gold mining to their children in learning English second grade students of SMP N 11 Solok Selatan in 2016/2017 academic year?”.
Instrumental parental support who work at the gold mining to their children in learning English.
4.1 Money
Money or financial support was the same. By using money or financial the parents could give support for the children necessary such as payed English course, school money, bought the children needed in learning English. The researcher showed was below:
P1=misalnyo kan inyo mintak les bahaso inggris, jadi dalam les bahaso inggris ko awak manyadioan biaya, mambayie perbulan. Jadi dengan dana ko tadi uni mandukuang inyo untuk pandai bahaso inggris.
(For intance, she asks to have an English course. So we must prepare for the cost to pay month. So, through this money, I support her to study English.)
In addition the parents’ answered:
P2=kok kamus bahaso inggris, pena, buku lai ado. Dek ibuk yo jo itu dpek mambantu nyo untuk pandai bahaso inggris de nyo, bia nak rajin nyo baraja.
(There are English dictionaries, pens, and book. This is the only way for me to help her in English. It is to make her diligent on studying)
Based on data above the most of parents who work at the gold mining used money for support their students success in learning English.
4.2.
Assignment
Assignment means the parents’ support by giving an assignment for their children to do something forexample parents asked the children to do homework.
The researcher showed was below:
P3=kapan saya dirumah, pulang dari tambang, saya tanya sama anak saya, kalau memang kamu ikut les di rumah sekolah, saya bilang praktek saja di rumah bilang saya, tau-tau di praktek kan aja dirumah, karna saya ngak tau bahasa inggris kadang-kadang dia malagu, nan kadang-kadang dia ketawa bahasa inggris nya saya ngak ngerti, itu aja cuman.
(When Iam at home, back from mining, I asked my child, if hetakes English course at school, Itell him to practice it at home. He practices it at home. Because I don’t understand English sometime he sings a song.
Sometime, he laughs. I don’t understand about English.
Just it)
In addition the parents’ answered:
P4=lai, kalau ibuk lai di rumah tarui ibuk ingekan inyo ka baraja, Ibuk agiah inyo tugas malam tu untuk mambuek pr bagai mah. ibuk matian tv supayo inyo indak taganggu baraja.
(Yes, it is , if I stay at home, I always remind her to study. I give her assign at night and also ask him to make homework. I turn offthe TV in order not to disturb her in study)
The parents gave an assignment for his children to practicing English at home and asked and remembered the children for studying and made the homework.
4 4.3 Modifying the environment
Modifying the environment to children learning English means the parents modify the home environment to support their children in process getting knowledge
The researcher showed was below:
P4=Ado maah, meja kursi tampek baraja dalam kamarnyo. tu speaker lai ado juo. Nan anak ibuk ko lai lo suko mandanga lagu bahasa inggris tu.
(There are table and chair for learning in her bedroom.
There is also speaker. My child likesto listen English songs)
From all participants of parents, only one parents who work at the gold mining who had support about modifying the environtment.
4.4 Taking the time
In this context taking the time means that parents taking the time for children in learning and children activity at school and at home.
The researcher showed was below:
P4=lai, pulang dari tambang tu ibuk luang waktu untuk pai kasekolah nyo mah, untuk mancaliak apo nan nyo karajoan di sakolah tu, lai baraja tau indak inyo. Atau ndak ibuk tanyo se ka guru tantang parkembangan nyo dalam baraja.(Yes, when I am back from mining, Itake a time to go to school in order to see what she does at school whether she studies or not. It I could not come to school, I ask to the teacher abour her development in on studying.)
When she come backfrom mining, her taking the time to come to her childrens’ school to see what the children did at school.
Discussion
Afterresearcher done interview with parents who work at the gold mining whose children in SMPN 11 Solok Selatan, researcher found the aspects of instrumental support from parents to the children in learning English based on theory. It explained by House&Khan and Malecki &Demaray et al(2016:429) there were Money, Assignment, Modifying the environment, and Taking the time. The researcher had explained four aspects of instrumental parental support in chapter two before.
From ten parents who work at the gold mining had aspect of instrumental support for the children learning English one by one based on theory.
Afterword, the researcher interviews parents who work at the gold mining whose children at second grade students of SMPN 11 Solok Selatan, researcher found four the aspect of instrumental parental support from theory.
First, money is one of aspect instrumental parental support that give by parents who work at the gold mining to the children in learning English. Based on the result of interview there are 9 from 10 parents give
support by money for the children learning English.
The parents pay the children English course and children need in learning English by money. Based on theory, Shapino in Elliot (2008:2) state that parents transfers of money to pay for private schooling the children for important provisions in raising children academic. Then the parents give the children need in leaning English. In the fact, the instrumental parental support by money from parents who work at the gold mining such as the parents pay the English course, and buy the children need in learning English such as buy English dictionary, English book, Alfalinx, pen and ect.
Second, Assignment is the next aspect of instrumental parental support that give by parents who work at the gold mining for the children in learning English. In here the parents give assignment for the children at home and at school. Related to this research, there are 4 parents give instrumental support by assignment.
According to Adelizzi (2011:83), parents talk with their children about the topic linked to the homework assignment, which enables parents to evaluate their child’s concept and skill development. Based on the result of the data, the parents who work at the gold mining only give assignment pass through talking with the children and order the children for learning at home and making homework.
Third, modifying the environment is the aspect of instrumental parental support. The parents who work at the gold mining modify home environment for the children in learning English.Based on the result of interview 1 parents modifying the home environment for her children in learning English. According to Harms & Cliford in Nilsen (2007) parents develop an informal tool that adderesses the approaches to learning in home environment, how the home environment support the children development ( physical, language, cognitive, social and emotional), and the issue of health, nutrition and safety. Information collected can then be used in developing content and thinking about ways to design the learning environment to better suppport the children development. In the fact, The parents modify the childrens’ badroom such as giving table to children learning and speaker for childrens’
listen English song that make the children develop their langguage development.
The last, taking the time is the aspect of instrumental parental support. taking the time is the parents support pass through come to school to know what the children learning or not at school and taking time beside children, then taking time to children need. According to Connolly (2011: 188) the parents in taking time to come to school to see what children are doing. In the fact, based on the result of interview 1 parents giving support for the children pass trough taking time to school to see the children learning or not at school,
5 then the parents ask to the teacher abaut the childrens’
development in learning.
Based on the result of interview, almost of parents had a aspect about support by money for the children in learning English. It means that parents who work at the gold mining had support the children pass through money, the Parents who work at the gold mining are seldom at home, so they think by using money their children can be able learning English. Then parents can not control their children every time at home, because the parents are busy at the gold mining for directness live. Researcher thought that this problem showed because the parent’s seldom at home and do not have more knowledge about education.
5. Conclution
one conclusion about this research. It is parents who work at the gold mining cannot give support passthrough control children everytime in learning English, so with the instrumental support that is by using money the parents support their children in learning English. By using the money the parents sending their children to English course, bought English dictionary, English book, pen, children need in learning English and etc. It makes the children success in learning English at SMP N 11 Solok Selatan.
6. Acknowledgements
The researcher delivers a thanks and appreciation to the advisors Sri Imelwaty, Ph.D and Willy Satria, M.Pd. Thank you so much for a lot of patience, guidance and supports to the researcher. As a result, this writen can be finished well.
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