In the Garden of the Gods on October 4, 1921, galls on Quercus gamhel contained both pupae and adults. Mex., and of the adults cut from the galls on November 1, some were living in a pill.
RT. 10 GALL-IXHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 21
At Washington adults were found inside the galls October 9, and 20, and on November 1, some had chewed out of the
24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.68 At Waukegan, flies emerged from galls on red oak, Q. Due to the shape of the second tergite, this species is not strictly related to the genotype of this genus, but at present it appears there's no better place to put it.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 25
The galls on Quercus hicolor are common about Evanston and Wilmette, 111., becoming full grown by mid-September and falling with the leaves. During the winter the woolly covering more or less wears away and exposes the brown colored galls which in shape and size resemble a group of cocoons of the braconid genus Micrcplitis.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 27
Gall.- A seed-like cell hidden under the bud scales as in the case of the preceding species but widest at the base and gradually tapering to a conical and much more pointed apex lacking a scar. Live adults likely to have emerged in the spring were cut from the galls on 13 January.
ART. 10 GALL-IXHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 33
Galls on this oak were also seen in Blue Canyon and Nogal Canyon near Socorro, in Hillsboro and Kingston, in the Burro Mountains, and in Arizona in Hackberry and Ashfork (flies appearing Feb. 14). Galls were seen in Shoemaker, Rowe, Glorieta, Tijeras, and Magdalena in what may have been Q.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 35
After the galls are picked and dried, the adults do not seem to be able to chew through the thin outer wall. Live adults, consistent with the type, were excised from the galls on 10 November.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 37
Brodie says the adults in Toronto emerge from October 12 to November 1 and immediately start laying eggs in the branches of the white oak. In the Chicago area, galls begin about mid to late July and some are fully grown by the end of August, with adults emerging in various years from October 20th to November 10th.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 39
Habitat.— The type locality is Magdalena, N. M. {Q. grisea) and paratype localities: Tijeras, N. M. {Q. midulata) and Oracle, Ariz. The writer also collected galls at Socorro, Nogal Canyon, Hillsboro, Kingston, and in the Burro Mountains, N.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 41
The writer collected galls in Evanston and Highland Park, 111.; Ironton and Poplar Bluff, Mo., and in Bluemont, Va. The rearing of adults from gall peltatus in the spring of 1923 enabled the writer to complete the original description of the female and to describe the hitherto unknown male.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 43
22, 1917, but some of the galls still contained larvae, indicating that the emergence was distributed over at least two seasons. Galls collected at Evanston in October, 191G, contained pupae and larvae on September 17, 1917, and adults and larvae on November 15.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 45
The narrowest cloud lies on the basal vein, the next begins at the costal hinge and includes the basal half of the radial cell extending back to the anal vein, the largest occupying more than the apical quarter of the wing. Biology.— Flies were reared from large numbers of galls (Hopkins U. S. No. 15613&), which Avere assumed at the time of collection, April.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 47
Pubescence consists of a dense undercoat with short brown hairs at the base of long white hairs. The single larval cell extends mid-length of the gall and is about 2 mm.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 55
Mesoscutum .49 width of head with two distinct continuous grooves well separated behind, with a notch behind middle when seen in profile. Carinae on propodeum curved outward, well separated above, enclosing base of reticulate neck.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 57
The galls are common in the Chicago area, having been collected in Winnetka, Glencoe and Willow Springs, 111., and Miller, Ind. The galls of this species on Quercus macrocarpa are here recorded from Evanston, Winnetka, Libertyville, Glen Ellyn, Fountaindale, and Moline, 111.
AKT. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 59
On October 1, 1916, some of the galls in the cage were opened and live flies were found to emerge. The original description did not specify on which part of the plant the galls of this species are produced (the species are separate specimens).
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 65
Brodie collected galls in Toronto in October 1892 and found live larvae in the galls on 24 May. Gall-bladder (Fig. 45).—A single inseparable cell has developed in the wall of the acorn towards the base.
ART. 10 GALL-IXHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 69
A dead fly was found in the cage in August 1918, and some of the galls still contained larvae. The holotype of fusiformis in the Museum of Comparative Zolog}^ has not been compared directly with the above types but.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 71
Similar infested acorns were observed on the middle fork of the Kaweah Eiver in Sequoia National Park, on Mount St. Helena, on Mount Diablo, in Los Gatos, in California Redwood Park, in Palo Colorado Canyon in the Santa Lucia Mountains, in Camp.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 73
Male. – Similar to the female, but the antenna is 15-segmented and not lighter at the base, the first five segments slightly bent than the third, tapering from the fourth to the apex.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 75
Wing hairy and ciliate; veins yellowish; second abscissa with arcuate radius; radial cell three times as long as wide, reaching to one-sixth and cubitus midway to basal, but both weak. Bile (fig. 17). – A fleshy green enlargement of the midrib or one of the lateral veins, usually on the basal third of the leaf blade, usually only one on a leaf.
AKT. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 77
I am pleased to repeat that the infestation has completely cleared and the tree is thriving - and one of the prettiest in the row. Galls.— Produced in clusters about small twigs at the base of the new growth, usually only 2-4 well-developed galls.
AHT. V) GALL-INHABITING CYKIPID WASPS WELD 79
The branches were cut and placed in a jar of water in the laboratory, where the galls grew full and were discarded. This gall can be found in the spring just as the new leaves are unfolding.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 81
The larval cell lies transversely at the very bottom of the gall and above it there is a cavity, above which the crystalline wall of the upper part of the gall is very thick. The flies were cut out of the galls the next spring when they died inside, unable to chew their way out.
RT. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 85
The single larval cell lies longitudinally on the cylindrical stem of the gall, without false presence. On March 18, a live fly was cut from a gall collected in Waterman Canyon in the San Bernardino Mountains.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 89
The tips of these horns soon break through the surface and they extend a considerable distance and fall to the ground early in July. Some of these collected from the ground in July were put into brooding cages on July 16, 1917, and found to contain live adults November.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 91
The trunk swellings of this species are found covered with normal bark in autumn. The galls have been observed on Quercus hicolor at Evanston, 111., and on the rock chestnut oak, Quercus montana, at Ithaca, N.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 93
The writer has not been able to separate these cultivated specimens from the infuscata species. Beutenmueller sent the writer galls from New York City, which contained pupae on November 1 and adults on November 25 (galls' age unknown).
ART. 10 GALL-IXHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 97
C.; Falls Church, Va.; Daytona, Clearwater, Ocala, Gainesville, Marianna and Tallahassee, Fla.; Palestine, Austin, Boerne and Kerrville, Texas; and Poplar Bluff, Mo. Galls like the Bassett types have been collected on Quercus pahistrls at East Falls Church, Va., but no adults Avere reared.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITIXG CYNTPID WASPS WELD 101 CALLIRHYTIS TUMIFICA (Osten Sackcn)
Brodie collected galls in Toronto that the writer would determine were this species; the value I was not mentioned. It was described as coming from the blackjack oak tree where the writer has never found it.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 103
104 THE NATIONAL MUSEUM'S PROCEEDINGS vol T, second smooth at base and with slightly pubescent areas on sides, exposed parts of residual microscopically punctured parts with the exception of a narrow smooth and polished rear edge. 34;They appear as an extension of the leaf at the beginning of May, which is attached to the end of a.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 105 AMPHIBOLIPS COOKII GUlette
Bile (fig. 27). -Cells in the peripheral wood layer just below the normal bark of vigorous shoots 2 cm. Paralype material grown on April 6 from the same gall species collected in the Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona, on Quercus ohJongifolia.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD HI
Male.—Varies from female in antennae 15-segmented, filiform like those of female, length from third to fourth 15:12, slightly flattened externally but nearly straight. Female.-Varies from serratus in absence of vertical ridges on antennae, on mesoscutum with less sharp ridges, transverse ridges not distinctly higher anteriorly, parapsidal furrows narrow, deep and distinct, not so much lost on sculpture.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 113
Lengths of tergites measured along dorsal curvature as (petiole smooth, seventh conical with white pubescence dorsally. Lengths of tergites along dorsal curvature as (last petiole with thick setigerous punctures dorsally.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 117
One can either note the spot and return in fall or early spring for galls or transplant affected plants to the home garden where it can be easily found. In the fall, after the foliage had turned brown, the galls were put into a breeding cage and left outside all winter.
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 119
This species, which forms galls at the base of the stem of Prenanthes alba, was described from Toronto and is reported from Quebec and Massachusetts. This species has been bred at Wilmette, 111., where the flies appear the first week in June.
AKT. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 125 RHODITES NODULOSUS Beutenmueller
Brodie collected galls on the roots of Rosa hlanda in Toronto and reared adults, 370 females and 4 males. Brodie collected similar galls on Rosa hlanda in Toronto and found hatching larvae on April 17.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES
Galls producing similar flies have been taken on Rosa rugosa in Evanston, Winnetka, Glencoe and Lockport, 111., and in Minneapolis. The writer took large deeply split root galls on a rose in Thistle, Utah; Colorado Springs, Colorado; and at Winnetka and Glencoe, 111., where adults appeared from May 12 to June 1, 1915, and in
ART. 10 GALL-INHABITING CYNIPID WASPS WELD 127 Plate 3
39-Galls ti Trigonaspis cupella Weld; kasta met ti dimmakkel a buya ti kayo ti biliary ken ti longitudinal a paset ti kayo ti biliary.
INDEX
130 INDEX
INDEX 131
