In addition to cell density, the growth of somatic embryos in liquid culture was affected by BAP. The growth of somatic embryos with different initial cell densities after 6 weeks of culture in liquid media;
Estrous Cycle Response in Mice (Mus musculus) with CSE (Crude Sperm Extract) Injected Intraperitoneally
The estrus cycle means sexual activity and organ function, like ovarian function, along with follicle development. Lactoferrin expression in the mouse reproductive tract during the natural estrous cycle: correlation with circulating estradiol and progesterone.
Oocyte In Vitro Maturation with Crude Sperm Extract Protein of Bull’s Spermatozoa
Sri Rahayu 2 , Gatot Ciptadi 3
The result of this research shows that the crude sperm extract protein can trigger oocyte maturation. Furthermore, the success of oocyte maturation with supplementation of raw sperm extract concentration 2.5 µg.mL-1 is 75%.
Latent and Eggs Production of Banggai Cardinal (Pterapogon kauderni, Koumans 1933) on Various Salinity Levels: Conservation Efforts
Latent and egg production of Banggai cardinal (Pterapogon kauderni, Koumans 1933) at different salinity levels: Conservation efforts. Water quality measurement (Table 1) during laboratory work was considered suitable for the requirement of Banggai Cardinal reproduction conditions.
The Analysis of Hepatopancreas Histologycal Damage in Neocallichirus karumba (Poore and Griffin) Shrimp Caused by Heavy Metal Pb Exposure
Value Pb content in water is the average value of the surface and bottom of the sample. Household activities, periodic boat maintenance and fishing play an important role in the location of Pb content in water. As reported, the Pb content in water exceeds 0.005 ppm, and therefore each station is considered to be heavily and seriously polluted by Pb [7].
It may trigger the high factor of Pb content in a particular location, especially Station A, which is highly populated. The increased Pb content in water will stimulate the increased Pb content in sediment due to the effect of physical, chemical and biological processes [9]. Results of analysis with SEM-EDX against images, spectra and table of Pb content in hepatopancreas organ are detailed in Figure 6.
Pb content can still be found, but it is a natural factor due to the movement of the stream carrying pollutants and TSS to the station. The reason is that the content of Pb in water and sediments at this station is the highest when compared to that at stations B and C.
The Combination of Entomopathogenic Fungus of Beauveria bassiana (Balls) Vuill. with the Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) of Lufenuron Against
Reproductive of Bactrocera carambolae Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Differences in the treatment of adult males and females were carried out to determine the effect of B. BL : Beauveria bassiana and lufenuron BL1 : Application on the first day to the eighth day BL8 : Application on the eight days to the sixteenth day. The lowest number of eggs was for treatment P6. males and females received B. bassiana in combination with lufenuron), which was 131.67.
While the highest fertility for those mated on the sixteenth day after treatment was in P6 (men and women both received B. bassiana combined with Lufenuron), at 88.50%. Beauveria bassiana applied to Tetranychus urticae's image reduces the number of eggs laid by T's image. Insects attacked by Beauveria bassiana will die with a hardened body like a mummy and covered in threads of white hyphae.
Namun memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dalam penerapannya di lapangan agar dapat digunakan untuk pengendalian hama pada praktik pertanian. Pengaruh cendawan Beauveria bassiana vuillemin terhadap mortalitas dan parasitisme telur Helicoverpa armigera hubner pada tanaman jagung.
Water and Chlorophyll Content and Leaf Anatomy of Patchouli Planlet (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Resulted by Shoot-tip Culture Experience
Water and chlorophyll content and leaf anatomy of Patchouli Planlet (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Followed by Shoot-tip Culture Experience.
Macro salt Concentration on MS medium (Murashige Skoog)
The concentration treatment of ammonium nitrate on MS medium produced patchouli leaf shoots with higher chlorophyll content than all macrosalt concentrations in the medium. The composition of palisade cells in Patchouli leaves experiencing hyperhydricity was more slender and not uniform in size. Comparison of the number of palisade cells and stomata on patchouli shoot leaves in Hyperhydricity, normal, and after treatment with the concentration of ammonium and macrosalt on MS medium.
Chlorophyll content in leaves exposed to hyperhydricity was significantly lower than in normal leaves. The results of this study showed that the number of palisade cells in hyperhydric leaves was lower than in normal leaves. The low number of palisade cells in hyperhydric leaves was associated with changes in palisade cell structure that were greater than in normal leaves and high water content in hyperhydric leaves.
The increased activity of glutamate dehydrogenase was influenced by the concentration of ammonium nitrate in the media [13]. The highest increase in total chlorophyll content in the media occurred at a concentration of ¼x ammonium.
Zoonotic Potential of Rotavirus from Swine and Bovine in South of Taiwan
A total of 90 fecal specimens from pig feces and 60 fecal specimens from bovine feces were used in this study. Samples were collected from 3 groups of pigs (sow, fattening pig and piglet) and 2 groups of cattle (cow and calf). 1' included VP6-F and VP6-R for specific amplification of VP6 genes in porcine and bovine rotavirus [12].
Examples of RT-PCR for the detection of rotavirus and norovirus in pig and cattle samples. This study highlighted the importance of the occurrence and transmission of porcine and bovine rotavirus in Taiwan by the human strain. Phylogenetic tree of porcine rotavirus based on the VP6 gene (1356 bp) analyzed with MEGA version 6.0 to show the distance of identity relationships.
Evidence for zoonotic transmission of wild strain rotavirus from Taiwan in both pigs and cattle shown in phylogenetic tree and hom-logical identity comparison analysis. Analysis of rotavirus species diversity and evolution, including the newly determined full-length genome sequences of rotavirus F and G.
Effectiveness of Indigenous Lead (Pb) Reducing Bacteria Consortia of Waste Water Treatment in Agar Flour Industry
Effectiveness of Indigenous Lead (Pb) Reducing Bacterial Consortia for Wastewater Treatment in the Agar Flour Industry. Statistical analysis in this study using SPSS 22.0 for Windows for the analysis of percent reduction of Pb among treatments. The ability of native bacteria to reduce the toxic effect of Pb can be effectively used in environmental biotechnology.
In this study, we used bacteria that are indigenous to agar meal wastewater. These bacteria have been tested on a laboratory scale to determine their benefits in reducing Pb in wastewater. The initial Pb concentration of the wastewater is 3.114 mg.L-1, after 7 days each individual treatment can reduce the Pb levels.
Native bacteria have the ability to significantly reduce the Pb concentration in the agar flour effluent. Based on statistical data analysis, the value of Pb reduction with bacteria decreases significantly, and it also meets the quality standard of Governor of East Java Regulation No.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Endophyte Bacteria Associated with Curcuma longa Rhizome
This study aimed to analyze the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of endophytic bacteria associated with turmeric rhizome. Endophytic bacteria isolated from turmeric rhizomes were cultured in 5 ml Nutrient Broth (NB) medium at room temperature (28-30⁰C) for five days. The culture of endophytic bacteria (in NB medium) was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 minutes, 4⁰C and then the supernatants were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by scavenging the DPPH free radical method [14] described with any modification.
Inhibition zone of endophyte bacteria isolates Isolate K3 to Candida albicans (a) and Staphylococcus aureus (b); Isolate K2 to Salmonella enterica ser.Typhi (c); Isolate M1b. The test of antioxidant activity on the eight isolates of endophyte bacteria showed that all isolates have the ability to scavenge DPPH radical (Fig. 3). Before testing antioxidant activity, OD of liquid culture of endophyte bacteria was equalized.
Isolates K3 and K2 had both significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and therefore require further characterization of these isolates. The strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria and the high relative antioxidant activity were demonstrated by Isolate K2.
The Influence of Fermentation Time in the Physical and Chemical Composition of Fermented Soybean Husk by Using Aspergillus niger on the
Influence of fermentation time on the physical and chemical composition of fermented soybean hulls using Aspergillus niger.
Quality of Raw Feed Materials
The soybean husk (Glycine max L. Merrill) was then added molasses in the ratio of 1:1 with the given form dose [15] and the substrate was then stirred until it became homogeneous and mixed with sterile water until the water level reached 70% [ 11]. The score media of fermentation soybean hulls started from 1 to 4 (Bad, Less good, Good and Excellent) where a higher score indicated good fermentation [17]. The physical observation of the fermentation soybean hulls includes texture, aroma, moisture and the formed hyphae.
Moreover, the texture or lumpiness of the fermented soybean hulls indicated the best result on the 4th day compared to other days. Another thing is that the aroma of the fermentation soybean husk on the 2nd and 4th day showed the best flavor which is slightly sour and fragrant, but it created a sour aroma and a smell of ammonia on the 6th day. Based on the closest result of an increase in the value of the protein with the length of fermentation time, the testing of crude protein fermented soybean hull is the highest with a long period of 6 days at 17.02%.
Result of observation against chemical composition, including dry matter, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber and NFE in different time fermentation soybean hulls against A. All these changes increase the value of the soybean hull as animal feed, including aqua feed.
Title Typed in Bold, Capitalize each First Letter of Each Word, Except Conjunctive, Scientific name should not be Abbreviated
Calibri 14 Bold Center, should not exceed 12 words, except conjuctive)
Title Typed in bold, Capitalize every first letter of every word, except Conjunctive, Scientific name must not be abbreviated. Black and white figures should be in grayscale mode, while colored figures should be in RGB mode. References typed in numbered list (format number 1,2,3,...), arranged sequentially as they appear in the text (Vancouver system or author numbering style).
Citation in the manuscript only typed the reference number (not the author and year), example: Obesity is an accumulation of fat in large amounts that will cause excessive body weight (overweight) [1]. Conclusion of the study's findings is short, concise and solidly written, without additional new interpretation. This section can also be written about research novelty, advantages and disadvantages of the research, as well as recommendations for future research. (Calibri 10 Justify).
This section describes the acknowledgment to those who have helped in kind as well as financially. Importance of CD80/CD86-CD28 interaction in target cell recognition by CD8+CD122+ regulatory T cells.
