Supplemental Table 1. Characteristics and outcomes of the 120 patients with PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg under standard oxygen who fulfilled the criteria for ARDS under NIV within the first 24h after ICU admission.
Variables Patients with ARDS (n=120)
Clinical characteristics
Age, year 61 ± 17
Sex, male (%) 78 (65%)
Immunosuppression, n (%) 43 (36%)
SAPS II, points 37 (28-46)
ARDS risk factor, n (%)
Pulmonary, n (%) 89 (74%)
Non-pulmonary, n (%) 12 (10%)
None, n (%) 19 (16%)
Ventilatory parameters under standard oxygen
Oxygen flow, liters/min* 15 (8-15)
Respiratory rate, breaths/min 32 (28-38)
PaO2/FiO2, mm Hg 116 (85-168)
PaCO2, mm Hg 34 (31-37)
Ventilatory parameters under NIV
Pressure support, cm H2O 8 (7-10)
PEEP, cm H2O 5 (5-5)
PaCO2 after 1h, mm Hg 37 (31-41)
PaO2/FiO2 after 1h, mm Hg 157 (115-225)
Worst PaO2/FiO2 within the first 24h, mm Hg** 125 (93-167) Intubation, n (%)
Overall rate, n (%) 68 (57%)
Mild ARDS, n (%) 3/17 (18%)
Moderate ARDS, n (%) 31/65 (48%)
Severe ARDS, n (%) 34/38 (89%)
Time from admission to intubation, hours 30 (8-54) In-ICU mortality
Overall rate, n (%) 37 (31%)
Mild ARDS, n (%) 1/17 (5.9%)
Moderate ARDS, n (%) 17/65 (26%)
Severe ARDS, n (%) 19/38 (50%)
ICU Length of stay, days 10 (6-17)
Abbreviations: ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome, NIV = noninvasive ventilation, SAPS= simplified acute physiological score, ICU = intensive care unit, PEEP = positive end- expiratory pressure.
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (25th-75th percentile) according to their distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.
* 92 of the 120 patients (77%) received oxygen via a face mask.
** The worst PaO2/FiO2 ratio under NIV was measured after 1 hour in 60 patients (50%), after 6 hours in 11 patients (9.2%), after 12 hours in 20 patients (17%) and after 24 hours in 29 patients (24%).
