The propeller thrust of the side thrusters is roughly proportional to the position of the control stick via the pitch curve. Side thrusters are high-voltage instruments powered by the ship's power management system.
Starting the Thruster in emergency Mode
Chapter 2
Steering Gear
There are four motor starters in the steering room, two for each of the steering units. The steering unit's engines can be started either from the wheelhouse or from the bridge.
Starting Steering Gear System – Preparation and Procedure
Chapter 3
Ballast System
The level of the ballast tanks is determined using 'Load Computer' or. The ballast/stripping ejector overboard valves can only be operated from the hydraulic valve control station.
Starting of Ballast System
On deck it is important to ensure that the ballast tank vent heads are clear to allow free transfer of air. Sometimes during sea voyage one may get an alarm of high ballast pump suction pressure.
Stopping of Ballast System
Chapter 4
Mooring Winches
Most of the mooring winches are powered by hydraulic pressure created by the pumps installed in the system. Check that the load sensors that sense the tension on the mooring winches are working effectively and adjust the tightening and loosening accordingly.
Important Precautions When Handling Mooring Winches
This will be very critical if the rope is polypropylene to prevent the fibers from melting.
Stopping Of Mooring Winches
Chapter 5
Anchor Windlass
Windlass CH-5 Windlass is mounted on the bow of the ship and is used to regulate. Generally, a senior officer (chief officer) is responsible for the operation of the windlass with the help of experienced crew members.
Make a record of the following before the anchoring operation
Operation of Anchor Windlass
Ensure that there are no vessels or obstructions below the bow and advise the same to the bridge. The master must ensure that the vessel's GPS speed at the time of anchoring is close to zero or indicates a weak astern. At every possible opportunity or in dry dock, the D-brace connecting the anchor and the anchor cable should be inspected.
Procedure for Dropping Anchor using Brake Remote Control (BRL)
Procedure for Heaving the Anchor
Chapter 6
Hydro-blasting
Chapter 7
Fin Stabilizer
Two Fin units are provided, one to starboard and one to port, forming an integrated part of the hull structure below the water level. A stabilizer room can be provided in one of the cargo spaces to accommodate the hydraulic and propulsion machinery. Two hydraulic units, one in each stabilizer chamber, are fitted to drive the pitch and rig movement of the fins.
The power supply to the control system is supplied by the main switchboard and the emergency switchboard. The Roll Motion Sensing Unit (RMSU) measures the roll acceleration of the ship and provides the control signal for the roll control algorithm and interfaces with the Central Control Unit (CCU). A fin angle indicator mechanically connected to the bevel cylinder piston rod and fin angle transmitter indicates the bevel angle of the fins.
Operating Fin Stabilizer
The gyro will take readings from the roll sensor and will act to rotate the angle of the fins to reduce the rolling motion of the ship. When the pump pressure has reached its nominal value, the fin angle indicator will show '0 degrees'. Now the "Fin-out" movement will take place and when the fin is fully out it will be shown on the control panel display.
Procedure for Retracting Fin Stabilizer
Chapter 8
Accommodation Ladder
The accommodation ladder is a single point access to the ship's deck for shore personnel, port lashing/cargo crew and seafarers. Just like any other deck equipment, the accommodation ladder is used in port, at sea or in anchorage to take pilot/crew on board a ship or vice versa (The same purpose can also be solved by the passage of the ship). Although the accommodation ladder appears to be a simple system, its installation and maintenance procedures are strictly regulated by the ship's crew.
The system is designed so that the installation ladder can be stowed 90 degrees to its installed position, close to the ship's hull. The living ladder is suspended with the help of wires and a telescopic lifting arm, which is connected on both sides to an individual ladder winch, electrically or manually driven. Remove the ladder fasteners used to secure the ladder in the stowed position.
Procedure for Hoisting and Stowing Accommodation Ladder
Chapter 9
Deck Cranes
Crane base structure: The crane base structure is an additional reinforced structure, on which the crane pedestal is mounted. Fixed Pedestal: This structure evenly distributes the stresses in the base structure and also incorporates movable turrets via a swivel ring connection to enable rotation. Mobile Turret: The mobile turret is where the operator's cab is located and the crane box is connected to it.
Wire Hoist: The hoist is suspended at the end of the jib arm using steel wire ropes that are connected to the winch drum to raise or lower the weight for transfer. Hydraulic oil pressure causes the jib and turret to move, and the winches raise the load using a hoist and wire. The deck cargo crane is equipped with emergency stop, overload protection, hydraulic oil filter and level alarms, brakes, etc.
Checks and Precaution
CH-9 Overhead Cranes Safety Devices: We cannot say that a machine is complete without safety devices. All control levers must be in the neutral or off position before applying power to the crane. Check other activities within the crane's working area to avoid the development of unforeseen hazards.
Operate the crane's controls smoothly and try to avoid "snap" as shock loads place undue strain on the crane and equipment.
Stopping the Crane
Emergency Operation
Chapter 10
Lifeboat Launching
Lifeboats are available on ships to save lives in case of extreme emergencies or accidents. Therefore, it is important that every person working on the ship knows the procedure for lowering the lifeboat so that he can act quickly in a limited time in an emergency.
Procedure for Launching of Open Lifeboat
Now release and release the bowsing gear and lower the lifeboat to the water level. The crew can board the lifeboat and sit in the designated place by fastening the safety belts. Check that the side of the ship where the lifeboat is to be launched is clear, then lower the boat at a steady speed.
Once the boat is in the water or just above the water, release the halyard, depending on the release system in place (Unload/Unload release).
Launching Free-fall lifeboat
Chapter 11
Rescue Boat Launching
Chapter 12
Life Raft Launching
A life raft is an important rescue tool which is kept on the ship's deck and is used in emergency situations such as 'Abandon ship'. Even if done manually, the deployment of the liferaft takes less time than that of lifeboats.
Auto Release with Hydrostatic Release Unit (HRU)
When the vessel sinks, the HRU cuts the rope and the vessel floats to the surface of the water. As the vessel sinks further, the tension in the painter causes the life raft to inflate from the container. The tension acting on the weak link will cause it to break and the liferaft to be released from the ship.
Manual Launching Procedure of the Life Raft
Deck eMergency PreParatiOn
Chapter 2
Chapter 1
Cold Weather Preparation
Filters placed in hydraulic oil lines to be cleaned more often to remove wax build-up. The lifeboat's drinking water should be drawn out and stored in the desired location, and a crew member should be assigned to fetch water during an emergency. All greased equipment must be cleaned of old grease and fresh antifreeze grease applied.
The crew should be instructed to remove ice from deck equipment at regular intervals. Ice boundaries or regions where suspected icebergs may be found should be marked on maps to be used for planning passages to alert the officer on duty to likely hazards. The crew can use silver foil inside the helmet or anywhere else where body heat needs to be retained.
Rough Weather Preparation
All electrical circuits and panels in open deck (for example the mooring winch circuit) must be properly covered. Remote closing for cargo hold fan openings must be checked for operation and any obstructions must be removed immediately. The crew should be instructed not to go on the open deck in bad weather.
Always wear all PPE and use railings and other support when walking in any part of the vessel to prevent trips and falls. It is advisable to switch to manual or manual control to avoid excessive rudder swing. During a transatlantic passage, the pipes and metal plates in the engine room store were not stowed and secured against rough weather.
Pirate Zone Preparation
For this reason, training and exercises are carried out on board so that in the event of a real pirate attack, the ship's personnel can take the right measures to prevent pirates from boarding or hijacking the ship. Most of the ship owners prefer to brave the pirated waters as it is more cost effective (as fuel is a significant part of the operating cost) than taking a longer route. Most of the Hull & Machinery insurers required to be notified if the ship intends to cross the HRA.
Place additional barbed wire fences and other barriers at the ship's entry points, such as gangway opening, pilot ladder opening, etc. Deploy non-lethal weapons such as LSD or long-range acoustic devices available on the ship. After boarding the ship, a group of armed guards will assess the ship's security readiness and may provide their own input to bridge any security gaps.
Oil Pollution Prevention
Before any oil transfer, bunker or cargo operation checklist must be completed and followed for safe operation. Crew must be aware of his/her duties in case of oil spill according to the assembly list. If flexible hoses are used for any type of oil or cargo transfer between ships or terminals, their condition should be thoroughly checked for wear and rated pressure.
When washing the deck, care must be taken not to spray grease from various wires and equipment, as the grease also forms an oily sheen over the water. Even a minor leak or spill should be considered an emergency and all activities should be stopped immediately until the spill is contained. The ship's staff objected to the condition of the hose, but the terminal reassured the ship's staff.
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