Operation 3 Phase Induction Motor 1 Kw Star Delta System Using Smart Phone

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Print ISSN 2777-0168| Online ISSN 2777-0141| DOI prefix: 10.53893 https://journal.gpp.or.id/index.php/ijrvocas/index

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Operation 3 Phase Induction Motor 1 Kw Star Delta System Using Smart Phone

Nofiansah

^{1, *}

, Herman Yani

¹

, M. Hafidz Aulia

¹

, Meilianti

²

1Department Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia

2Department Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia

Email address:

nofimh4@gmail.com

*Corresponding author

To cite this article:

Nofiansyah, Yani, H., Aulia, M. H. ., & Meilianti, M. (2022). Operation 3 Phase Induction Motor 1 Kw Star Delta System Using Smart Phone. International Journal of Research in Vocational Studies (IJRVOCAS), 2(3), 56–60. https://doi.org/10.53893/ijrvocas.v2i3.142

Received: MM DD, 2022; Accepted: MM DD, 2022; Published: MM DD, 2022

Abstract:

In using a 3 phase induction motor there are initial problems. Namely the surge in starting. In most motors induction mainly motors induction three- phase, current starting can reach four to seven times of great current nominal. Horse Power are large , allowing to happen surge currents starting the more substantial and is not be allowed , because it can disrupt the network and can damage the motor it 's own . For this reason, a starting method is needed which can reduce a very large starting current surge . There are several types of starting methods for electric motors. Among them, namely, DOL (direct on line), star-delta, auto transformers, and soft starting. The method that will be used in this research is the starting star-delta method. Star-delta starting is a system starting with running the motor with the configuration of star up first and then converted into a configuration delta for minimizing surge currents. Changes configuration is usually done by using a timer, when the timer has been reached setting the configuration will change. Applying Smartphone via Bluetooth and Arduino Uno R3 to operate a motor Starting way delta by way of sending the instruction in the form of data with a controller that is connected to the motor that. With this method motor operation is easier and safer.

Keywords: Star-delta, Bluetooth, Arduino

1. Introduction

Three-phase induction motor is a driving tool that is widely used in the industrial world. That is because this motorbike has a simple construction, sturdy, relatively cheap price, and easy maintenance [1] [2][3] But in use there are initial problems. Ie the starting inrush current received by the coil or rotor on a three-phase induction motor continuously and for a long time will damage the motor winding [4]. In most induction motors, especially three-phase induction motors, the starting current can reach four to seven times the amount of nominal current. So that if this happens in the industrial world, the majority of which use motorcycles with large Horse Power, it is possible to have a larger starting surge and this cannot be allowed, because it can disrupt the network and can damage the motor itself [5].

Therefore, we need a starting method that can reduce a very large starting current surge. There are several types of starting methods for electric motors [6]. Among them, namely, DOL (direct on line), star-delta, auto transformers, and soft starting. The method that will be used in this final project is the starting star-delta method. Starting star-delta is a starting system by running a motor with a star configuration first then changing to a delta configuration to minimize inrush currents [7].

Configuration changes are usually done using a timer, when the timer reaches the setting the configuration will change. From the above conditions, the device is designed to operate the three-phase induction motor of the star delta system based on the Arduino Uno R3 board by

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sending instructions in the form of data with the controller connected to the motor using a smart phone [8].

The purpose of the starting star delta on a three- phase induction motor via smartphone using Bluetooth and Arduino Uno R3 is to develop a starting star-delta method in running a three-phase induction motor to reduce starting surges and to apply Smartphones via Bluetooth and Arduino Uno R3 to operate delta starting motor [9].

The benefits of operating a delta starting star on a three-phase induction motor via a smartphone and using Bluetooth and Arduino Uno R3 are to reduce starting surges that reach 4 to 7 times the nominal current when connected directly on line and to maintain the age of the three-phase induction motor [10] [11] [12].

2. Research Methods

Operating system diagram

Block diagram of a 3-phase 1 kw star delta induction motor system using the cellphone can be seen below:

Figure 1. Block diagram of operating a induction motor 3 phase 1 kw star delta system by using hp

From the block diagram above, illustrates that the operating system of a 3 phase 1 kw star delta induction motor system using a cell phone is started by an operator who is operating a computer where the computer sends data to the control module where the control module contains a microcontroller and relay driver. Then the microcontroller processes the data sent by the computer, then the microcontroller will instruct the relay to work. If the relay works, the motor will work because the account is connected directly to the power source and contactor coil used to drive the motor [15].

Operating system parts

The parts of the operating system 3 phase 1 kw induction motor star delta system using the hp are as follows:

a. HP

This cell phone is used for 3 phase 1 kw induction operation of star delta system. This control section uses a photo studio that is made with a display in the form of a controlling layer which later the user himself will operate the induction motor as he wishes.

b. Microcontroller

This microcontroller functions as processing and processing data sent by a computer, then the program that is inside the microcontroller will send commands to drive the motor.

c. Induction motor

Induction motor is part of the output of this system, where the induction motor is what will be controlled by the operator using a computer [13].

Software App. Inventor

The software to be designed is software that functions to send commands to the module for later processing into final instructions that will regulate relay performance. This software is designed using the App Inventor application. The first thing to do is create a new project by selecting the [file] >> [Star New Project] menu or by pressing Ctrl + N. After that the Software creation worksheet will appear [14].

Figure 2. New Software Creation Worksheet

Next the form will appear as shown. Thus, the project is ready to be made. Then click on the toolbox to start selecting the tools that correspond to the project to be created. In this project, some basic icons are used to further process it [16]. Some of these tools include buttons, combo boxes, picture boxes, serial ports, timers, and line shapes.

Then the selected tool is arranged in such a way for further processing by entering the program in it. The appearance of the project is as follows [17][18].

Figure 3. Interface form

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Figure 4. Coding App Inventor

3. Results and Discussion

Arduino Uno Program

Programming the microcontroller using the C language program. The program is as follows:

#include <SoftwareSerial.h> //

SoftwareSerial mySerial(10, 11); // RX, TX int relay1=2;

int relay2=3;

int relay3=4;

int relay4=5;

int lampus=6;

Table 1. Test Results when the appliance is running

Status

3 Phase Motor Voltage

(V)

3 Phase Motor Current

(A) L1

– L2

L2 – L3

L1 – L3

L1 L2 L1 STAR 380 380 380 0,24 0,25 0,25 DELTA 380 380 380 0,89 0,9 0,9

int lampud=7;

int lampuon=8;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

mySerial.begin(9600);

pinMode(relay1,OUTPUT);

pinMode(lampus,OUTPUT);

pinMode(lampud,OUTPUT);

pinMode(lampuon,OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(relay1,HIGH);

digitalWrite(lampuon,HIGH);

Status ON

Tool's name Manual Auto

Star Delta Star Delta

Arduino uno

R3 ON ON ON ON

Modul

Bluetooth ON ON ON ON

Relay 1 ON ON ON ON

Relay 2 OFF ON OFF ON

Relay 3 ON OFF ON OFF

Table 3 Measurement Results in Auto Mode

Status

3 Phase Motor Voltage (V)

3 Phase Motor Current

(A) L1

– L2

L2 – L3

L1 – L3 L1 L2 L3

STAR 380 380 380 0,24 0,25 0,25 DELTA 380 380 380 0,89 0,9 0,9

The results of measuring motor current during manual mode in table 2 can be seen in the graph as shown in Figure 4 below:

Figure 5 Graphs of Motor Current During Manual Mode

Based on the graph in Figure 5, it can be seen that the current during manual mode in the Star relationship at L1, L2 and L3 is 0.24 Ampere, 0.25 Ampere, and 0.25 Ampere, while the current at Delta at L1, L2 , and L3 are 0.89 Amperes, 0.9 Amperes and 0.9 Amperes. From this graph, it can be analyzed if the current at the star is smaller than

0,24 0,25 0,25

0,89 0,9 0,9

0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1

L1 L2 L3

(A)

STAR DELTA

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the delta current.

Motor current measurement results when in auto mode current measurement by manual method is different from auto mode measurement. In auto mode measurement there is no difference with manual mode measurement. From the measurement results obtained, it appears that the value of the current obtained in the auto mode measurement does not change when compared with manual mode. To make it easier to analyze the measurement results, the current measurement data in the auto mode can be seen in Figure 6.

Figure 6 Graphs of Motor Current When Auto Mode

If a three-phase induction motor is operated with an alternating voltage source on the stator coil, the motor will rotate at rotational speed. Motor rotation is driven by a rotating field that has synchronous speed. If the rotating field is removed by releasing the alternating voltage source on the stator coil, the motor will gradually stop spinning.

Measurement of the motor in Manual mode when the Star is in L1, L2, and L3 with a current flowing of 0.24 A, 0.25 A and 0.25 A with a voltage across the 380 380 phases.

However, the motor measurement is in a state Delta current generated at L1, L2, and L3 of 0.89 A, 0.9 A and 0.9 A with a large voltage of all phases 380 V. So, in a series of operation of the Star delta three-phase induction motor with a Bluetooth system using android smartphone when the manual mode is the most current when the motor is in the delta state of 0.9 A and the voltage of 380 V.

4. Conclusion

The results of testing and analysis can be concluded as follows:

1. The process of operating the Star delta three-phase induction motor with a Bluetooth system using an Android smartphone can be operated without touching directly the motor operating switch, so it is more efficient and safer compared to conventional means.

2. There is the largest current value of 0.9 A and a voltage of 380 V during the Delta state, and the smallest current value in the Star state of 0.24 A and a voltage of 380 V

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