PROCEEDINGS

Vol. XVII. PP. 1-16

February

_5, 1904

t

PROCEEDINGS

OtrTHK

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

^^

^'";

AS

SYNOPSIS OF THE _GENERA, SUBGENERA AND SEC- TIONS OF THE FAMILY PYRAMIDELLID^.

BY WILLIAM HEALEY DALL AND PAUL BARTSCH.

The

Pyramidelliclse, ^a

family

^of

Mollusks mostly

^{of small} size

and world-wide

distribution,

occur

fossil firstin the Creta- ceous, are

numerous

in the Tertiary,

but perhaps

^are

most

_fully

developed

ⁱⁿthe existing faunas.

Very ^{numerous names have} been

_{applied to}

them, sometimes under

the

impression

^thatthe pillar ^is

not

_plicated in a particular

group,

^a

mistake which, by grinding down

the

whorls, can be

corrected; the

missing

plica- tions

being

present

but

_{falling a} little short of

reaching

^a

point

in the aperture

where _they

are visible externally. In all the

forms

of

which

the softparts are

known

the external

anatomy

is

very

^{similar. In}

examining

a large ^series of

forms,

^as

noted by

^{Fischer.^}

intermediate

_types

appear

^{until it}

becomes

a

matter

of greatdifficulty to

decide where,

^if

anywhere,

^the

generic

^lines

can be drawn, and

it is

not

surprising that

some authors have

fallen

back on

the

expedient

^of

regarding most

of the _species,

notwithstanding

^the contrasting extremes, ^as

belonging

^{to a} single genus.

Where

a

group

^is

composed

^of

^such

^a

^multitude

of species ^it

seems more convenient

in practice

and

leads

more

efficiently to clear thinking, ^to take the other

view, and

subdi- 1—PROC.BIOL. SOC.

WASH.

VOL. XVII, 1904. (1)

2

Dull and JBarUch —

Tlie

PyranddtUidw.

vide

the

groups

sufRcieutly ^to inake it

reasonably

^clear

where

a

given

species

belongs

^{in the series.}

"In the

absence

of

anatomical

characters it has

been necessary

to fall

back

in large part

on

the

form, ornamentation, and

_pli- cations of the _pillar, as distinctive characters,

even while we admit

that

between

the different sections

some intermediate forms may

^occur.

^So many ^names

^liave

^been

ap])lied to

mem-

bers of the

group

^thatin

most

cases it has

not been

_necessary to coin

new denominations.

Tlie

synonymy, which

^is

very

^in- volved, ^is reserved for

another paper

ⁱⁿ

which

the

species of the

west

coast of

America

will

be monographically

^{treated. It}

was thought

^{best to}

put on

^{record the} classitication

adopted,

^so that

before

the _])aj)er referred to

appears

^theauthoi's

may

^liave

the benetit of criticism

from

other students.

Many

^{of the}

specific

names _given

in the past

have been

_repeatedly

used

for different_species,

rendering

^it

necessary

ⁱⁿ

many

^{cases to}

give new

ones. In all cases the

synonymy adopted

^has

been based on

researches

which

liave

begun ^with

^the typical species of the original authors,

which

in

some

of the

most

_anciently

named forms has involved no

little labor.

Wherever _any doubt

ex- isted in

regard

^{to the characters the}

specimens have been ground down

^{until the} _pillar has

been made

visible

over

a great part of ^its extent,

and

in all cases the characters

recorded

are the result of

microscopic

study.

Only

^a

few

of the

many named forms have been

inaccessible, ^as the collection of the

U.

S.

National Museum

is

remarkably

^{rich in} species of^this

group.

The

senior

author

thinks it

only

just^{to state} that

by

^farthe greater part of the

work

is

due

to his associate,

who has

for several years

given unwearied

attention to these

minute and

difficult objects of study.

The

facilities of the

National Mu- seum have been

_constantly at the disposition of the writei_s,

and most

of the types are

contained

in its collection,

though thanks

formaterial lentfor

study

^are

due

to the

Academv

of

Natural

Sciences of Philadelphia, the authorities of

Amherst

College, the

Zoological Museum

of

Copenhagen, ^and numerous

private students^to

whom

a fuller

acknowledgment

^will

^be made

inthe

monograph

already alluded to,

which

is

nearing

^its

com-

pletion.

The name

^Oheliscus

_appeared

ⁱⁿ the

Museum Calonnianum

in IVOT,

without

a diagnosis or figure.

This work

is

anonymous,

DiiJl

ami

Jhivtsch

—

Tin' I*untiindeJlkIm. ³

and

this lias

been regarded

^{as a sufficient reason for rejecting} this

and other names contained

in il, as it is

known

^tliat Iluni- phrev, ^\\\\o

was an auctioneer

ap.d deaiei-, usually credited

with

the authorship, ^is

not

the author,

and

the

work

itself is of

no

scientific value.

Family

Pyramidellidae.

Gastropods with^theradula absent or obsolete; the

operculum

^ovoid, paucispiral, with theapex anterior, a l-hread-like arcuate rid^e on the proximal^{side, the innermariiiii} notched in

harmony

^{with the} plaits of the_iJiiUir

when

_prominent; foot short, moderately pointed^behind, with a small operculigerous lobeabove and sometimesasmall tentacular ap- pendix,on eachside, infront feebly auriculate or undulate; mantle fee- bly canaliferouson_{the right}upper margin; ^a single branchia; verge sulj-cylindric, elongate; head with two Haltened subtriangular or ^elon- gate tentacles, connate, grooved ^or auriform in the larger forms, the funicleswith a ciliated area; belowthe tentacles an oral orifice from

which

extendsa long ^retractile subcylindric proboscis, but there is no muzzlelike thatofScula; belowthe oral orifice is an organ

named

by

Loven

thementum,

which

^is usually

more

or less medially groovetl or fissured,

and

hence, ^{at its}anterior end,

more

orlessbilobate, and exten- sile or retractile before-or behind the front margin ^{of the foot.}

The

shell isturriled, with a_[li.'ateaxis; the outerlip frequently internally lirate: in the_larger formsthe aperture ^isobscurelychannelled infront;

thelarval shellis sinistral the adult dextral, the former _frequentlyset atan_angletothe adult axis, or

more

or less

immersed

in the adult apical whorls; ^itisusually helicoid and smooth; the sculpture varies from nothing^toribbed, spirally sulcale or reticulate; the coloration

when

_ijresentusually reddish, brownish_{or yellow.}

The

_{eggs are}

num-

erous

and

_deposited ina lenticular mass.

The

distribution is world- wide, but_{the larger}formsaremostlj' tropical.

SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA OF PYEAMIDELHD^.

Pyramidella Lamarck.

Shell elongate-conic, whorls_usually inflated

and

regularly increasing;

the _pillar withfrom one to three _folds; the outer _lip entire; the shell usually largerthan in Turhoiiilla. Type, Trochusdolahratus Linne.

Turbonilla Risso.

Shell cylindro-conic,

many

whorled, generally slender; columellar fold single,varyingⁱⁿ strength, outer lip entire; shell usually smaller

4

Dall and

JBartsch

— The PyramidelUdm.

than in

PyramideUa and

larger than in Odontomia. Type, ^Turhonilla typica D.

& B.=

Turbonillaj)li<'u^id(i Risso not 7'vrbo j)licatuhis Scacchi.

Odostomia

_Fleming.

Shell usuallyshort,

few

whorled, svibconic or ovate; columellar fold single, varyingⁱⁿstrength, outerlipentire. Type, Turboplicata Mont.

Murchisonella

Morch.

Shell minute, cylindro-conic; outerlipwith an anal sinusbehindthe periphery^of the whorl;pillar withthe_plaitobsoleteor internal, whorls

numerous and

inflated. Type, MurchuonellaspectrumMorch.

SYNOPSIS OF THE SUBGENERA OF PYRAMIDELLA.

A^

Columellar foldsthree Shell

umbi

Heated

Basal fasciole absent, surface polished,

marked

by extreme- lyfaintlines of growth

and

microscopic spiral-striations

Subg.

PyramideUa ^Lamarck,

^s. s., 1799.

Type, ^Truchufidvlabrntun L.

Basal fasciolepresent, surface^lesspolishedthan in PyramideUa

s. s.,

marked

_by lines of growth and microscopic spiral striations

Milda

_svibg.nov.

Type, Obeliscus ventricosus Quoy.

Shell not umbilicated.

Surface _polished,

marked

_{only by} fine lines of growth and microscopicspiral striations

Periphery^sulcate

Subg.

Longchaeus

MiJrch, 1875.

Type,

PyramideUa

punctata

Chem.

Peripherynot sulcate

Voluspa

subg. nov.

Type,

PyramideUa

^{auricomaDull.}

Surface sculptured Basalcordsabsent

Periphery^sulcate

Shell

marked

_bystrongaxial ribs

which

terminate atthe periphery,andm.icroscopicspiral striations

Subg. PharcidellaDall, 1889.

Type, PharcideUafolinii Dall.

JJall

and BarUvli—TJic

riir<n)ii<leUklm. 5

Shell inarktHlby slroii^-spiral keels

and weak

axial riblots

Calluion^ichseussubg. nov.

Type, Pyramidellajamaicends^Dall.

Periphorynot sulcate

Shell

marked

_bystrong- axial^ribs, intercostalspaces strongly spirally striated, aperture auricular

Subg.

Otopleura

Fischer, 1SS5.

Type, Fyramidelid^aitru-cati

Chem.

Basal cords present

Shell

marked

_{by strong spiral ridges,} moderately strong^{axial ribs}

and

twobasal cords

Subg.

Triptychus

^{M.'.rch, 1875.}

Type, TriptycJius

nhevs

Murch.

A-

C'olumellarfolds

two

Shellumbilicated

Surface_polished,

marked

_byveryfine linesof growth

and

mic- roscopicspiral striations

Subg. TiberiaMonterosato, 1875.

Type, Pyramidella^nitidulaA. Ads.

Surfacepolished,

marked

_by fine lines of

growth and

_strong

spiral striations

Ulfa subg. nov.

Type, Pyramidella (Ulfa) cossmanni

nom.

nov.

=

_SyrnolastriataCossmann.

Surface

marked

_bystrongaxialribs, intercostal spaces spirally pitted; early po.st-nuclear whorls _sculptureddifferentlyfrom the laterones

Tropseas

subg. nov.

Type, Pyramidellasubulata A. Ads.

Shell notumbilicated

Surface _polished,

marked

_{by very} faint lines of

growth and

microscopicspiral striations

Basalfasciclepresent

Vagna

subg. nov.

Type, Pyramidella paumotensis Tryon.

Basalfascicle absent

Subg.

Eulimella

_Forbes, 1846.

Type, Eulimella crassnla Fbs., ^=E.scilla Scacchi.

Doll

a)id BartscJi

— The

Pijramidellidm.

Aperturesubquaclrate Sect. EulimellaFbs,ss.

Aperturesuboval

Cu^smannica

sect. nov.

Type, PyramideUa dundestina Desh.

A

³ Columellarfoldone Shell umbllicated

Surfacepolished, orwithfine lines of growth

and

microscopic spiral striations

Peripheral ^{svilcusabsent}

Svibg. Orinella

nom.

nov.

Type, Ori/ta pinguicuk'iA. Ads.

Peripheral sulcus present

Sulcorinella_{subg. nov.}

Type, Fyvamidella {Sulcorinella) dodona, sp. nov.

Shell not umbllicated

liarge, heavy, elongated^shells Surface_spirally Urate

Subg.

Actaeopyramis

Fischer, 1885.

Type,

Munoptygma

striata Graj'.

Slender,

medium

sizedshells

Surface _polished,

marked

_by fine linesof

growth

^{and mi-} croscopicspiral striations

Postnuclear whorls _{increasing slowly} in size at first,

then_rapidly,lendingtheshella

mucronate

_appearance Subg.

Styloptygma

^A.

Adams,

^18G0.

Type, Moiiuptygmastylina A. Ads.

Postnuclearwhorlsincreasing regularly ^insize Subg.

Sy

^rnolaA.

Adams,

^I860.

Type, SyrnolagracilUmaA. Ads.

Aperture^sviboval

Sect. S> rnola ^A.

Adams,

^s.s.

Ai^erturesubquadrate

Sect. Stylopsis^A.

Adams,

^1860.

Type, StylopsistypicaA. Ads.

Surfacespirally striated

Iphianasubg. nov.

Type, Syrnoladensistriata Garrett.

Surfaceaxially and_spirally striated with a strong spiral keel atthe

summit

of the whorls

Syrnolina

subg. nov.

Type, Syrnola rubra^Pse.

•

DaU and

^BdrtsrJi,

— The

Pyramidellidtv. ⁷

The

status of

Agatha

virgo A.

Adams

1800, [Menfifitho, \8CA,Jfyonia, 1801, Amathis _1801], ^isnot

known

tous.

From

the

meager

description

we

are inclined to believe that it is allied toAcUvajrynmiu ^Fischer.

SYNOPSIS OF THE SUHGENERA OF TUKBONILLA.

Shell wilhoutbasal keel B' Varicesabsent

Spiral sculpture absent, ^{or if} present consisting ^of micro- scopic^slriationsonly

Surface of the early post-nuclear whorls

marked

_by feebleaxialribs, laterones

smooth

Subg.

Piycheulimella

^{Sacco, 1892.}

Type, Fyramidella pyrunddata Desh.

Surface

marked

_bystrong axial ^ribs

which

terminateat the periphery ^of the whorls, intercostal spaces ^ex- cavated between thesutures.

Subg. Ctiemnitzia Orbigny, ^18;19.

Tv'pe,Melaniacampanellaf^Phil.

Surface

marked

by strong ^{axial ribs}

and

intercostal spaces

which

extendover theperiphery^tothe umbili- cal region

Subg. TurbonillaRisso, 1820.

Tvne

Turhomlla\ ^^^^"''^'

^ ^"^

Spiralsculpture present,always stronger than microscopic striations

C^ Axial sculpture consisting^of welldeveloped^ribs Spiral markingsconsisting^of

many

veryfine spiral

striations

Aperture subquadrate

Subg. StrioturbonillaSacco, ^1892.

Type, Strioturbonillaalpina Sacco.

Aperture suboval

Siibg.

Pyrgolampros

Sacco, 1892.

Type, Pyrgolampros mioperplicatitlus Sacco.

Spiral

marking

^{absent between the} sutures, base stronglyspirally lirate

Subg. Sulcoturbonilla ^{Sacco, 1892.}

Type, Tornatella turriculaEichw.

Dull and

JBartscJi

— The PyvamulelUdm.

Spiral markingsconsisting-of strong^striations

yummits

ttf lliewhorls_strongly shouldered Subg. Pyrjiisculus Monterosalo, 1884.

Type, Melania^{i^cakiriaPhil.}

Summits

of thewhorlsnot stronglyshouldered Subg.

Pyrgiscus

Phiiippi, ^{1^41.}

Type, Melaniamifa^Phil.

Spiral markings consisting ^of one or

two

_strong punctate ^{cords in the} intercostal spaces be-

tween

the sutures; whorls _slightly shouldered

Subg.

Pyrgolidium

Monterosalo, ^1884.

Type, Pi/r(j()lidiuiiiroseum Mont.

Spiral markings consisting ^of one or

two

_strong cords: whorls

somewhat

overhanging

Subg.

Tragula

:Monterosato, 1884.

Type, Odiixtoiidafenentruta Fbs.

Spiralmarkings consisting ^of three to six raised threads between the suturesandlirations on the base; whorls _strongly shouldered

Subg.

Dunkeria

_Carpenter, 1857.

Type, Dunkeria pauciUrataCpr.

C^

Axialsculpture consistingof faint riblets

Spiral markingsconsisting^of strong raised threads Subg. Cingulina^A.

Adams,

1860.

Type, Cingulina^circinataA. Ads.

Spiral sculpture consisting ^of depressed lirations, sculpturegranulose

Subg. Saccoina

nom.

nov.

Type, ISpica inonterosatoiSacco.

C^ Axial sculpture consisting of ^{lines of}growth only Spiral markings consisting ^of

many

subequally spaced striations; sculpture finely reticulated

Subg. Careliopsis Morch, 1874.

Type,

Monoptygma

(Careliopsis)sty- liformisMorch.

C*

Axial sculpture absent

Spiral markings consisting of a broad _strong fold at the

summit

of the whorls, separated from the restofthewhorl bya deep, broad,roundedsulcus

Visma

_{subg. nov.}

Type,^{Eulimella tenuis}Sby.

IhiU

^{(Old B</rf,•<'/!}

—

77ir I\/niiiiiJelUdm. 9 B- Varicespros(Mit

Surface

marked

_by axial ribs and _{stronj;- spiral}

Strialions

Subg-.

Mormula

A.

Adams,

^18()-4.

Type,

Munnuld

rixxoi/HiA. Ads.

Surface

marked

_byaxial ribs

and

strongspiral ^lira- tions, sculpturegrainilose

Subg. Lancella nom. ^nov-.

Tvpe. Tiirbonillii (Lanci'a) ehuKjitta Pse.

A-

Shell withbasal keel

Axial sculpture c(msisting ^of strong ^ribs Spiral sculpture absent

Asmunda

subg. nov.

Type. Chemnitzia ^tiirrita C. ^1>. Ads.

Spiral sculpture present

Spiral sculpture consisting^of strong ridges Subg. Peristichia ^{Dall. 1889.}

T>pe, Peristichia toretd Dall.

Spiral sculpture consistingof

two tumid

ridges oneat theperiphery^{the otheratthe}

summit

of thewhorls

and many

^{finestriationsin the}

intercostalspaces B.ildra subg. nov.

Type. Turbonilla [Buldra)^arclitri sp. nov.

Axialsculpture consistingof lines of growthonly Spiral sculpture consisting^{of faint lirations}

Discobasis

Cossmann,

^1888.

Type, Acicvlina demissa Desh.

SYNOPSIS OF THE SUBGENERA OF ODOSTOMIA.

A' Postnuclear whorlssculptured similarlythroughout B^ Varices absent

C^ Axialribs present,

rounded

Spiral markings,

when

present, consisting of

mere

micro- scopic^striations

Shellinflated

Summit

of the whorls _slightlyshouldered Subg.

Elodiamea De

Folin, 1884.

Type, ^Elodiadeganx

De

Fol.

10 iJall

and Bartsch—ThePijramuleindw,

Shell not inllatPtl

Sumniitof thewhoilsnotshonldered

ISubg.

Odostomiella

_IJncquoy,Dantzenberg-

and

Dollfusv 1883.

Type,^lii.sfioa doiiolum Phil.

Summit

of the whorlstabisilate1

Stibg. Salassia

De

_Folin, 1885.

Type, Sulasmaearinafa

De FoL

Spiral markings consisting ^of a_strong, broad, raised coni

atthe

summit

of the whorls, separated from the remain- ing partby ^astrongly impressedspiralgroove

Vilia snbg. nor.

Type, Odontuvdu(Vilia) jprlUbryi sp. riov.

Si^iral mnrkingsconsisting^of two

tnmid

_ridges, one at tlip

periphery and one ^{at the}

summit

of the whorls; with

many

^{striationsonthebase}

• Folinella_sniig. nov.

Type,

Amoura

angulifereng

De

Fol.

Spiral

markings

^{consistingofseveralto}

many

^{raisedthreads}

in the intercostal spaces, always ^less strongly developed thantheaxial ribs

Intercostal spaces crossed by eqiiallj^ spaced, raised spiralthreads, sculpture reticulated

Subg.

Trabecula

Monterosato1884.

Type, Odostomia je^rei/nanaMonter.

Intercostal spaces crossed by ^{several raised} spiral threads, base notspirally

marked

Subg.

Parthenina

_Bucquoy,Dautzenberg

and

Dollfus, 1883.

Type, ^{T^i7'bo}interstinctusMontagu.

Intercostal spaces crossedby^severalspiralthreads, base

. spirally striated

Bes'a_{subg. nov.}

Type, ChrysalUdaconvexa Cpr.

Spiral markingsconsistingof strong,raisedthreads or cords, equalto, oreven _strongerthanaxial ribs

Spiral cordsequally spaced, andequally welldeveloped betweenthe sutures

and

onthe base; sculpturenodu- lose throughout

Subg.

Mumiola

A.

Adams,

^1864.

<• Tj^pe,

Monoptygma

spirata^A.. Ads.

jMdl

(i)id BitrtscJi

—

TIte Pijratnidelllihv. 11 Spiral cords subtHjually spaced beUvoon tlie sutures,

where

^the .sculpture ^is nutlulose; buse _sjiiruU^' Urate

and

axialiy striated

Subg. ChrysaJlida Carpeuter, ^KSoO.

T^pe, ^Vhemnitzia

comnn/nh

C. n. Ads.

Spiral markin.iisconsisting^of impressed^lines

Spiral ^strialious sultecpially spaced, present between the sutures^an<lon tjic l)aseof the whorls

Subg.

Fvrgulina

A,

Adams,

^18G4.

Type, ChryadUida

aiMa

A. Ads.

Spiral ^striationson thebase_only, periphery deeply ^sul- cated, a.xialribse.xtendingtotheumbilical region

Egila subg. nov.

Type, Chrymllida^lacxinaUiCpr.

Spiral^striationson the base _only, axial ribs terminat- ing^atthe periphery,

which

isnot sulcated

Subg. Spiralinella Chaster, ^1901.

Type, Turbospiralis Montagu.

C-

Axialribs pre.sent, lamellar Spiral markings^lamellar

Ribs

and

_spiral lamelUe moderately strong,siibequally sjiacedbetween the sutures

and

on the base; sculp- ture cuspidate

Haldra subg.

now

Tyj.^, Chry^dllkla fhotis Cpr.

Ribs

and

_spirallamellae few, very strong IviJia subg. nov.

Type, Parthenia armnta Cpr.

C'

Axialribspresentbut_{veryfeeble,usually}only indicatednear the

summit

of thewhorls

Spiral markings consisting of several strong, broad, tumid cords,oneor

more

of the posterior cords crenulaled

Subg.

Miralda

A.

Adams,

^1S()4.

Type, Parthenia diadxma ^{A. Ads.}

Spiral markingsconsisting of

many

subequallyspaced ^lira- tions

Whorls

tabulatedat the

summit

Subg. Ivara ^Dalland _Bartsch, 190:J.

Type, OdoHtomia _[Ivara) turricula I). «fe B.

12

Dull and Bartsch — _The

Pyramidellidce.

Whorls

not tabulatpd

Evalina _{subg. nov.}

Tyi)e, Odontomia _(Evalina)americana sp.nov.

C^ Axial ribs usuallyreduced to

mere

lirations, frequentlyonly presentbetweenthe_spiral ridges

Spiral markings consisting ^of moderately ^well developed cords usually equally spaced and _present betM'een the sutures

and

on the base; axial ribs indicated by ^faint threads betweenIhe_spiral sculpture

Shell umbilicated

Subg. ^{lolaea A.}

Adams,

^1867.

Type, Lde^{scitula A.}Ads.

Shell notumbilicated

Subg.

Menestho

MGller, 1842.

Type, Turboulbulim Fabr.

Spiralmarkingsconsisting^ofstrongly raised lamellte; axial ribs indicated _b}'raisedthreads

Subg.

Odelta Ue

Folin, 1870.

Type, ^OdoHtomia(Odetta)caUipyrga

nom.

nov.

^

Odetta_elegans

De

Fol.

C' Axial ribs absent; axial sculpture represented by ^{lines of}

growth

only

Spiralmarkingsconsisting^ofmanj-, usually siibequally

and

universally distributedimpressed^lines

Shell elongate-conic

Subg.

Evalea

A.

Adams,

^1860.

Type, EvaleaelegansA. Ads.

Shell_short, subglobose

Subg.

Oda

Monterosato, ^1901.

Type, Odostomiadolioliformis^Jeffr.

C''Axial sculpture absent, ^shellpolished

Spiralmarkingsconsisting of

two tumid

_ridges, one at the periphery

and

theotherat the

summit

of the whorls

Subg.

Cyc'odostomia

Sacco, 1892.

Type, Cydodostomiamutinensis S&cco.

Spiral markings consisting of a

more

or less conspicuous

tumid

_ridgeonthe

summit

of thewhorls

Subg. Doliella Monterosato, ^1880.

Type, Odostomia^{nitens Jeflfr.}

Dall and

Harfsr/i

— The PyramideUklce.

¹³ Spiral marking's consistiiiii-of a slroiiirperipheral keel

iSubg.

Scalcnostoma

_Dcshaycs, ^18():;5.

Type, Seitloiostamd i-mintita Desh.

Spiralmarkings consisliiiiiof a peripheral sulcus Subg. Jordaniella ^{Chaster, 18!)8.}

Type, Turbo^nivosa Montagu.

Spiral sculpture absent or indicated only by extremely ^tine microscopic^{lines of} growth^orstriie; surface polished

Summits

of the whorls with a strongly tabulated shoulder

Subg. Spiroclimax Morch, ^1874.

Type, SpirocUniax^ncalarisMorch.

Summits

of thewhorlsnottabulated Columellar foldpresent

Peritremediscontinuous, aperture not^ris.soid Shellinfiated, very large

Subg.

Amaura

Moller, 1842.

Tyix!,

Amaura

Candida Moller.

Shell notinflated

Subg.

Odostomia

_Fleming, 1817.

Shellof

medium

size Sect.

Odostomia

_Fleming, s. s.

Type, Tnrho pUcata Mont.

Shell rather large Sect.

Stomega

^{nom. nov.}

Type, ^OdostomiacontiincuaAid.

Shellsmall

Sect,

Brachystomia

Monterosato, 1884.

Type, Odostomia^rissoideaHani.

Peritreme continuou.s, aperture^rissoid

Heida

subg. nov.

Type, tSyrnola caloosaensis Dall.

Columellarfoldobsolete Shell umbilicated

Subg.

Myxa

Hedley, ^190:?.

Type,

Myxa

^exesaHedley.

Shell not vimbilicated

Peritremecontinuous, aperture^rissoid Subg.

Pseudorissoina

Tate

and May,

1900.

Type, Stilifertasmanica

Ten-Wood.

14

Dall and

SartscJi

— The

Pi/raviideUida.

Peritreme not continuous, aperture not rissoid

Subg.

Liostomin

(). Sars., 1878.

Type, lUtisoeUa? ehvTiiea Slimpson.

D- Varices_present

Shell smooth,axial sculjatvire indicated by^afew varices, spiral sculpture wanting

Siibg.

Oceanida De

Folin, 1870.

Type, Oceanida(jradata

De

Fol.

A^

_Earlypostnuclearwhorlssculpture;! differently Froin thelaterones Early post nuclear whorls _{loosely coiled,} plain; later ones _closely

coiledwith _{a spiral} keel at the periphery and oneat the

summit

of the whorls; basespirally lirate

Lysacme

^{subs>'. nov.}

Type, CTtry.saUida rlauHilifin'mia Cpr.

Early post nuclear whorls _axially ribbed, succeeded by one ^or

two

_{strongly spirally} and faintly axially ^liratewhorls; therest of the whorls are

marked

by a reticulated sculpture ^consist- ing of raised axial

and

_spiral cords

Subg. Obtortio Hedley, ^]8!)9.

Type, ^Iiissoapyrrhacme^Melville and Standen, 1899.

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES THAT ARE TYPES OF SUBGENERA DEFINED IN FOREGOING SYNOPSIS.

Pyramidella

(Sulcorinella)

dodona

sp. nov.

Shell small, elongate-conic, milk-white. Nuclear whorls one andone- half, smooth,_obliquely

immersed

in thefirstpostnuclear whorl. Post- nuclearwhorlsflattened, moderately shouldered ^atthe summit, having astrongspiralsulcusat the periphery. Base of the last Avhorl well rounded

and

strongly umbilicated.

The summits

of the whorls fall a littleanteriortothe peripheral sulcus^of thepreceding whorl and cause the part ^of this, exposed between ^{the sulcus}

and

the

summit

of the next_whorl, toappear^asanarrowraised_spiral band. Entire surface of theshellcrossedby

many

axial linesof growth and

numerous

_subequal-

ly

and

_{closelyspaced spiral} striations. Sutures subchannelled. Aper- ture ovate, posterior angle obtuse, outer lip thin, columella

somewhat

curved andreflectedhaving^astrong oblique ^{fold alittle} anterior to its insertion; parietal wallcovered by^{athin callus.}

Dall and

/><(rff<c/i

—

77ic Pijnmudellu'CB. 15

The

type,

number

130,023 U. S. Xalioiuil

Museum

colleeti(n, ^is a fossil, cominsi' trom Ihe Oliuoceuc' (lep(jsil. al

Oak

_(ii-ove, Sla. Hosa("o.,

Florida. It has six and one-hall' iKistnuclear ^-ulioris

which

measure:

long., 3.1

mm.;

diam., ^1.4

mm.

Turbonilla (Baldra) archeri sp. no\.

Shell small, elongate-conic, turriculated, milk-white. Nuclear whcjrls

two and

one-half, helicoid, aboutone-lourlh

immersed

in Ihefirst jiost- iiuclearwhorl. haviuL;'ihejr axisal a riyht angle^tothe axis of the later whorls. Postnuclear whorls moderately^well ronndrd, having cuspitlat- ed tabulated shouldersand^aspiralridge ^at the

summit and

the _peri- phery. Axialribsprominent, narrow, ^flexuose, aboutone-third aswide as the intercostal spaces, sixteen occur

upon

^{the hist,} eighteen

upon

the fourthand the penultimate ^whorls. Intercostal spaces decidedly depressed between the _{spiral ridges,} crossed by

many

subequally spaced microscopic spiral striations. Suture channelled. Periphery of the last whorl _augulated, rendered

somewhat

crenulated by ^the axial ribs

which

extend feebly over the base^toIheumbilical region.

A

broad, depressed

tumid

_ridge extends across the anterior halfof the base,

and

thespace betweenthe posterior termination ^{of this} ridgeand the peripheral ridgeappears

somewhat

concave. Entire base_finely and closely spirally striated. Aperture subo\-al, posterior angle obtuse, outer lip thin, angulated at the shoulder and _periphery; columella straight, slightly reflected; columellar foldobsolete orinternal; parietal wallcovered by ^athincallus.

The

_type

and

another specimen ^are registered ^as

number

58,016 in thecollection ofthe

Academy

^ofNatural Sciences, Philadelphia.

They

werecollected by^S. Archer, ^atSingapore.

The

_type has seven_postnu- clear whorls

and

measures: long.. 3.3

mm.;

diam., ^1.3

mm.

Odostomia

_{(Vilia) pilsbryi} sp. nov.

Shell.slender, milk white. Nuclear whorls

two and

onehalf, helicoid, alittle

more

than one-third

immersed

in the first postnuclear whorl, having^{their axis}almostata right angle^tothe axisof the laterwhorls.

Postnuclear whorlsflattened, oreven _slightlyconcave in the middle, ^be- tween the sutures; contracted near the

summit,

the posterior portion appearing^asa strong, rounded, spiral keel,separated from ^{the rest of} the whorl by a spiralgroove. Axial ribs prominent, scarcely indicated

on

the spiral keel but beginning strong ^at the groove ^{in front of the} keel

and

extending^{to the umbilical} region, gradually diminishing ⁱⁿ strength fromtheperiphery ^tothe anterior termination.

These

ribsare broadestandstrongest ^{at this} posterior boundary, just anterior to the groove

and

lend the shell a coronated appearance ^at this place.

About

.sixteen of

them

_{appear on}thesecond and twenty

upon

^thepenultimate whorl. Periphery

and

^{ba.se well rounded. Sutures well} impressed.

16

Ddll and

JlartscJi

— _The

PyrcanidelUdce.

Aperture subovate, outer _lip [fractured],

showing

^fiveinternal, spiral lirations themiddle one of

which

is stronger than the rest; columella short,twisted

and

revolute,having^astrongoblique^foldnearitsinsertion.

The

_type ^is

number

58,015 of the collection of the

Academy

^of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

and was

collected by ^S. Archer at Singapore. ^It hassixand one half postnuclear whorls

and

measures:

long., 2.7

mm.

; diam., ^1.1

mm.

Odostomia

_(Evalina)

americana

_sp. nov.

Shell elongate-conic,subdiaphanous ^to milk-white. Nuclear whorls

({uitelarge, at leasttwo,aboutthree-fourths obliquely immersed. Post- nuclearwhorlsratherbroadbetween the sutures, well rounded,faintly shoulderedatthesummit,

ornamented

with _depressed, rounded, rather broada.xial ribsabout_eighteenof

which

occur

upon

the second, twenty onthe thirdand_eighteen

upon

^thepenultimate^whorl.

The

ribsare best developed^{near the}

summits

ofthe whorlsandscarcely extend^totheperi- phery. Spiral lirationslow, rounded,subequal, about twelve occur be- tween the svitures

upon

^{the third}

and

the penultimate^whorls.

These

spiral lirations liketheaxial ribsappearstrongest near the

summits

ofthe whorls. Periphery and^{base of thelast} whorl well rounded, ^tlie latter

ornamented

_{by about}eleven lirations

which

are similar in characterto thosebetweenthesuturesbut

much

less strongly expressed. Aperture rather broad, suboval,

somewhat

elTuse anteriorly,posterior angle acute;

outerlipthin; columellashort,

somewhat

curved, strongly revolute an- teriorly, having^a

weak

_oblique foldnearits insertion.

The

_type, No. 168,718 U. S. National

Museum

collection,

and

nine specimens

come

from

San

Pedro, California. Ithasfive postnuclear whorlsand measures: _long.,

2.9mm.;

diam., 1.3

mm.

Another specimen, 168,719,

comes

from

San

Diego, and

two

others. No. _168.720,from Sta.

CatalinaId., California.

Ten

were determined for Mrs. Oldroyd from

San

Pedro.