I II
International nternational nternational Journal of Society, nternational Journal of Society, Journal of Society, Journal of Society, Culture & Language
Culture & Language Culture & Language Culture & Language
(IJSCL) (IJSCL) (IJSCL) (IJSCL)
Editor-in-Chief:
REZA PISHGHADAM
Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Editorial Board:
TAQI AL ABDWANI Professor, Gulf College, Oman ALI AL BADI
Associate Professor, Gulf College, Oman BOB ADAMSON
Professor, Hong Kong Institute of Education, China
MINOO ALEMI
Associate Professor, Islamic Azad University- West Tehran Branch, Iran
MAHMOOD REZA ATAI
Professor, Kharazmi University, Iran MONA BAKER
Professor, The University of Manchester, UK ANNE BARRON
Professor, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Germany
GAVIN T. L. BROWN
Professor, University of Auckland, New Zealand SURESH CANAGARAJAH
Professor, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
ALI DERAKHSHAN
Associate Professor, Golestan University, Iran ZOHREH R. ESLAMI
Professor, Texas A & M University, USA HOWARD GILES
Professor, University of California, USA DAVE HILL
Professor, Anglia Ruskin University, UK JINGZI (GINNY) HUANG
Professor, University of Northern Colorado, USA
KEN HYLAND
Professor, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
ALIREZA JALILIFAR
Professor, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
ISTVAN KECSKES
Professor, The State University of New York, USA
MASOOD KHOSHSALIGHEH
Associate Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
HOSSEIN NASSAJI
Professor, University of Victoria, Canada JIM NEULIEP
Professor, St. Norbert College, USA VIRGINIA PEDRASTA
Professor, Consortia Academia, Philippines ROBERT PHILLIPSON
Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark
WAYNE ROSS
Professor, University of British Columbia, Canada
ZIA TAJEDDIN
Professor, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Iran
JAMES W. TOLLEFSON
Professor, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
RUTH WODAK
Professor, Lancaster University, UK
Editorial Office:
[email protected] [email protected] Executive Manager:
SHAGHAYEGH SHAYESTEH
Assistant Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Language Editor:
ELHAM NAJI MEIDANI
Assistant Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Aims & Scope
International Journal of Society, Culture & Language is an academic journal with a special interest in issues arising at the intersection of intercultural communication, social institutions and processes, and interlingual interactions. The journal is multidisciplinary in nature and international in scope. Its purpose is to encourage scholarship, to enlighten the reader, to stimulate thought and discussion, and to promote appropriate cross-cultural and cross-linguistic communication.
IJSCL publishes papers written in a clear and pedagogic style that respect the interests and needs of readers of several levels of expertise in various countries and disciplines.
IJSCL is published without subscription, two times per year, by Katibeh-ILCRG. Articles are published online in the form of PDF files that may be freely downloaded.
Articles, book reviews, and short notes published in IJSCL will deal explicitly with the relevant topics and will be judged by the editorial office as appropriate for publication in the journal on the basis of their scholarship, originality, and relevance.
Publication Information
ISSN (Online): 2329-2210
Publisher: Katibeh-ILCRG
Affiliation: Independent
Frequency: March and September Language of Text: American English Abstracted & Indexed: Yes
Open Access: Yes
Review Policy: Double-Blind, Peer-Reviewed Peer Review Time: 1 to 3 months
Main Themes: Intercultural Communication, Social Language Studies
Disclaimers
Responsibility for the accuracy of quoted and referenced material rests solely with the author(s) of the item in which such material appears.
Opinions expressed in these articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the editors of IJSCL.
Open Access Policy
IJSCL is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
This journal is fully compliant with open access mandates, by publishing its articles under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). That means you are free to:
• Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
• Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Contributors to this Issue:
Lluís Català-Oltra
University of Alicante, Spain Rodolfo Martínez-Gras University of Alicante, Spain Clemente Penalva-Verdú University of Alicante, Spain Haitham Y. Adarbah Gulf College, Oman Ali Al Badi Gulf College, Oman Jawad Golzar
Herat University, Afghanistan Fabio Albuquerque
Instituto Politecnico de Lisboa, Portugal Bruno Silva
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil Daniel Silva
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil Mohammad Reza Ghorbani
University of Bojnord, Iran Gholam Hassan Khajavy University of Bojnord, Iran Raushan Koilybayeva
Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, Republic of Kazakhstan Maira Zhunis
Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, Republic of Kazakhstan
Kulzhibek Kusmanova
Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Republic of Kazakhstan Svetlana Missyachenko
Baishev University, Republic of Kazakhstan Hayder Al Hamdany
Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Republic of Kazakhstan Raazia Sajid Taqi
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran Sara Khazai
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran Rajabali Askarzadeh Torghabeh Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran Kaveh Azodi
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran Serap Fišo
International University of Sarajevo (IUS), Bosnia and Herzegovina
Emel Topcu
International University of Sarajevo (IUS), Bosnia and Herzegovina
Zulfiya Rahmatdildaevna Kurmanbekova L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan
Karlygash Kurmangalievna Sarekenova L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan
Mustafa Oner Ege University, Turkey
Kuanyshbek Turarbekovich Malikov L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan
Saltanat Sagatovna Shokabayeva L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan
Neda Daliri Beirak Olia
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran Mahmoud Reza Ghorban Sabbagh Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran Baktygul Zh. Kurmanova
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Assel Utegenova
M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Indira S. Sultaniyazova
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Gabit K. Khassanov
M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Natalya A. Almagambetova
M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Sandugash Kh. Abdigazi
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Abdelmounim Bouziane
Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco Wadi Tahri
Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco Karima Bouziane
Chouaib Doukkali University, Morocco Nur Lailiyah
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Djatmika Djatmika
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Riyadi Santosa
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Sumarlam Sumarlam
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Syerina Syahrin
Dhofar University, Sultanate of Oman Ali Algryani
Dhofar University, Sultanate of Oman Julius Irudayasamy
Dhofar University, Sultanate of Oman Zhanna Tektigul
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Ainura Bayadilova-Altybayeva K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Saule Sadykova
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Saltanat Iskindirova
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Ainur Kushkimbayeva
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Dilara Zhumagul
K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Republic of Kazakhstan
Heba Nayef
Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Egypt
Mohamed El-Nashar
Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Egypt
Kundharu Saddhono
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Muhammad Rohmadi
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Budhi Setiawan
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Raheni Suhita
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Ani Rakhmawati
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Sri Hastuti
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Islahuddin Islahuddin
Fatoni University, Thailand Ahmad Al. Aljanadbah
Zayed University-Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Yahia Mohammad Alramamneh Emirates College for Advanced Education, United Arab Emirates
Monika Widyastuti Surtikanti Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Djatmika Djatmika
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Riyadi Santosa
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Diah Kristina
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia Muassomah Muassomah
Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Indonesia
Halimi Halimi
Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Indonesia
Yasmadi Yasmadi
Imam Bonjol State Islamic University, Indonesia Helmi Kamal
Institut Agama Islam Negeri, Indonesia Hisyam Zaini
Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, Indonesia
Diah Kristina
Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia Haiqing Tian
Metharath University, Thailand Saengchan Hemchua Metharath University, Thailand
Wang Yongxiang
Nanjing Normal University, China Yunus Abidin
Universitas Pendidikan, Indonesia Tita Mulyati
Universitas Pendidikan, Indonesia Yeni Yuniarti
Universitas Pendidikan, Indonesia Trifalah Nurhuda
Universitas Pendidikan, Indonesia Kulzat Kanievna Sadirova
Aktobe Regional University Named after K.
Zhubanov, Republic of Kazakhstan Guldana Nauryzbaikyzy
Aktobe Regional University Named after K.
Zhubanov, Republic of Kazakhstan