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B8080 SGGE 2020

Method on Utilization of Low Quality Biogas as a Fuel for 4 Stroke Spark Ignition Engine of Electric Generator

aStudent at Study Proram of Master in Mechanical Engineering, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, 80361,Indonesia b Study Program of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering faculty, Udayana University, Jimb aran, Bali, 80361, Indonesia

cFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali,80113, Indonesia

dDepartmen of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

2020 2^ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SMART GRID AND GREEN ENERGI, Bali, Indonesia january 13-15 2020

I Gede Artha Negara^a, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia^b*, I Wayan Surata^b, Tjokorda Sari Nindhia^c, Shailendra Kuma Shukla^d

Background

The qualities of biogas of low rate digester biogas also were found about low methane contents. Therefore certain researchers develop small size anaerobic digester for better quality of biogas [1]. But many of low-rate digesters biogas technology already established and biogas that is produced should be utilized to avoid green house gas emission.

Purpose

It is the purpose of this research to utilize low quality of biogas to be able to be used as a fuel of 4 strokes spark ignition engine of electric generator.

The denatured alcohol will be used to enrich the biogas. The engine will be equipped with system of air- biogas mixer and is enriched by denatured alcohol trough the carburettor. The fuel consumption is recorded and the emission is investigated to be compared with the same engine that is fuelled with pure gasoline.

Experimental

Low quality biogas was used in this research.

The biogas was desulfurized to eliminate H₂S impurities.

The methane (CH4) content is the biogas after desulfurization was around 30% vol. and carbon dioxide (CO₂) was around 2 % in volume.

The engine that is used for this research was single cylinder of 4 stroke spark ignition engine with cylinder volume of 420 cc. This engine was initially for electric generation that can provide maximum of 6000 watt electric power.

The engine was redesign to be possible to operate with biogas that will be enriched with denatured alcohol Biogas-air mixture component was added in the system.

Both amount of biogas and air can be controlled manually by using valve.

Denatured alcohol was flowed in to the carburetor to enrich the biogas by gravitational force.

The system was equipped with speed governor in order can be operated in constant speed for producing constant voltage (220 volt) as electric generator.

The emission was investigated as well as fuel consumption. The result will be compared with the same engine that was fueled with pure gasoline.

Schematic for enrich biogas with denatured alcohol. 1. Biogas+air mixer, 2.

Carburetor, 3. Speed governor 4. Engine.

Result and Discussion

Conclusion

Low quality biogas with methane (CH₄) contents around 30% vol. can be used as a fuel of single cylinder of 4 strokes spark ignition engine by using engine with cylinder volume 420 cc. T

he biogas should be desulfurized prior to be used as a fuel. The biogas then is enriched by using denatured alcohol.

The CO emission of the engine with biogas fuel enrich with denatured alcohol was found very much lower comparing the same engine fueled with gasoline.

The denatured alcohol consumption is found higher comparing gasoline consumption.

Acknowledgement

This research is funded by Udayana University by grant research of PNBP for 2020