Public interest in the Smithsonian's museums continues to grow, as evidenced by the large increase in visitors to our buildings. The Smithsonian has become one of the world's centers for the scientific study of geology, botany, zoology and anthropology. Upon completion of necessary adjustments in the areas vacated by activities moved to the East Wing, other divisions will be transferred to this wing.
For many years, due to limited space, only a small portion of the objects are in the National Collection. The law of March Stat. 68) provides for the transfer to the Smithsonian Institution of the old Civil Service Commission building. To fulfill its mission, the Smithsonian Institution has conducted an estimated 2,000 expeditions to nearly every part of the earth since its founding.
Work Plan: The requested net grant of $275,000 related to the Smithsonian Institution's research programs will be used as follows. The Smithsonian Institution buildings on the south side of the Mall have a combined sewer system, consistent with practice at the time of their construction. It is proposed that a member of the Smithsonian Institution staff serve as secretary of the National Artned Forces Museum Advisory Board.
A recent Smithsonian daily labor study of total travel requirements indicates that $14,100 will be required in 1963 for this purpose.
MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY
In determining the number of posts which could be sanctioned in 1962 and 1963, full account was taken of normal traffic, delay in filling vacancies. cies, backlog in recruitment for new jobs, leaving without pay and similar factors. The release of the increase of $171,000 in 1963 will provide 36 additional years of employment and enable the institution to regain the level of employment previously justified and approved. ff). Establishment of a medical unit operated by the Public Health Service will require an increase of $23,000 within the limits of Public Law658, 79th Congress.
Such a unit would serve a population of 1,500 employees and would provide the services of 2 full-time nurses and the services of a part-time (3 visits per week) responsible health worker. Operating costs in the first year include a capital investment to purchase initial equipment of $3,500. The 1962 costs of the increased travel fares authorized by the Act of August 14, 1961, will be financed from the estimated savings.
However, as a matter of policy, part of this additional cost will come from savings and savings in other activities, so that the amount requested to partially finance the total cost is 6,000 (c) Based on a position-for- position study, Smithsonian Institution. An increase is requested in 1963 to compensate for previously approved classifications of positions made in accordance with Civil Service Commission standards. Please enter a statement of obligations and the 1962 foundation of the Museum of History and Technology.
RESEARCH PROGRAM
Fred T^^iipple, who was formerly head of the Department of Astronomy at Harvard, is one of the foremost scientists in his field in the world, and I am sure he is in touch with scientists at other government laboratories . It is also in touch with private research in a way that will make sure there is no undue overlap. It is true that astrophysics and astronomy are among the best organized of our sciences, and that astronomers keep each other inside.
COXSTEUCTION'
JUSTIFICATIOX OF THE ESTOIATE Insert pages 41 through 50 of the justifications
CON.STRUCTION AND IMPROVEMENTS, NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK JUSTIFICATION
The Board of Regents' action recognized the need to improve current conditions at the zoo. The outdoor cages and other display facilities are in reasonable physical condition, but are also outdated by any modern standard of good zoo practice, taking into account the effectiveness of display techniques, the safety of the public and the welfare of the animals. The current traffic and road system poses a danger to pedestrians, a policing problem and a major disruption to the park's natural habitat.
Planning funds in the amount of $85,000 are included for the National Zoological Park in the District of Columbia Appropriation Act for fiscal year 1962. Fiscal year 1963 requested. $9,50,000 will provide $790,000 for constructions of 0.00 for the improvement of the first planning improvement and 0 for the improvement of the first planning. next year. The first year's program includes improvements to the interior of the existing aviary, which will be remodeled to provide suitable exhibits for birds that should be displayed indoors.
Remodeling the interior of the aviary will achieve greater utilization of existing space in large community cages for a truly pleasing public interest exhibit and a pleasant living environment for the birds. A large, indoor, free-flight area will be developed in which there will be no visual barrier between the birds and the visiting public. The adjacent area will be fixed and the necessary new outdoor cages and pens will be provided, giving the whole area currently devoted to bird exhibits a unity in a park atmosphere.
It is sure to become one of the most interesting and outstanding bird exhibits in the world. Elk and moose will be displayed on a terraced slope surrounded by water and dry moats and including animal shelters. One side of the beaver dam will border a sunken passage with windows to view the animals underwater.
This will make better use of the unused northwest corner of the park and ultimately remove heavy vehicular traffic from the heart of the zoo. Within the limitation of funds, the new road will be built around the periphery of the bank, which falls to Rock Creek to a point near the existing elephant house. Once vehicular traffic has been moved from the existing Connecticut Avenue entrance upon completion of the northern roadwork and later the parking facilities in the northwest area, space will be made available for the successive development of several major ungulate exhibits and for new pedestrian space, which will be the dominant entrance to the exhibitions.
1119 Personnel summary
Military Historj Hall
GRANTS
Work will continue on field reduction techniques and the replacement of current time standards with new high-accuracy, high-reliability time systems that will make full use of the highly stable reference signals transmitted by high-frequency radio stations. very low. As examples of other activities, the Moonwatch crews and the Baker-Nunn tracking stations were called upon to retrieve the 1961 Delta after its radiobeacon ceased transmitting. They also participated in a tracking support mission in the launch of the ganuna beam astronomy satellite.
In addition, they successfully supported the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in launching a triple satellite (1961 Omicron), observing three objects and obtaining a large amount of data related to satellite identification. Moonwatch teams were also involved in tracking the last stage of the rocket that boosted Vostok, the Russian astronaut satellite. The positional residuals of these observations were calculated using the Smithsonian's Differential Orbit Improvement (DOI) program and served as a basis for evaluating the accuracy achieved by the Moonwatch teams in their satellite observations.
Because of continued advances in satellite orbit theory and in the accuracy of optical observations, and because almost most problems involving satellite orbits are affected by changes in DOI, Smithsonian programmers have continually worked to improve its efficiency and develop a . Following are the agencies for which this work was performed in 1961 and the amount of compensation, along with an estimate for 1962.
CAPITAL IMPROVEMEXTS AT XATIOXAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK
Now, that big tepee was wrapped in Philadelphia newspapers - I think the newspapers were from 1878 - and never unwrapped again... until the funds from your committee made it possible for us to have this wonderful exhibition. 1128 . example of the \Yay in which these old stored objects are now visible for the benefit of the people. Of course, sir, in the field of history and technology we are building new exhibitions.
We . build these displays and. as it were, to put them in a "deep freeze", so that when the liuildereget through the new Museuni of Historv' fiiid Technology, we do not have to wait for yeai'S, but can put exhibits in place and then millions will people have an opportunity to see them. That's going to be the big realization of the point you made, sir. Suppose we are going to show an exhibit of the Indian artifacts from a part of the Great Plains.
We need to see that there is a background which is appropriate and probably using what we call the screen printing process, we may need to use an old print from that period, enlarge it and put it in the background . In the end, the visitor does not just see, for example, an Indian pipe in isolation, but when he looks at this exhibition, he can interpret what he sees in the context of the knowledge that the historian and the anthropologist have. with respect to such matters. Would you now like to give us a quick overview of your entire building program and the costs of the same.
The purpose of the new people relates to the scientific research program of the institution that I described earlier, the need to expand this important scientific research program, for example in the field of oceanography. We also request an increase in the number of exhibition staff and an increase in maintenance staff for the new museum.
REHABILITATION OF OLD FORD THEATER
More significantly, of course, there was a desire in this country to have a national zoo, as all the other major countries had.
At the zoo they estimate by the parked cars and by taking an occasional census, and then I think the word is. You are no longer asking for appropriations for the Museum of History and Technology.
REMODELING OF CIVIL SERVICE BUILDING
We use a hand clicker to count the people coming to the building I just mentioned.
NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
WITNESSES JOHN WALKER, DIRECTOR
ROY BERGHOLZ, ASSISTANT TREASURER
