The present checklist is an amplification of that published in Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections in 1940 (vol. 99, no. 4) and is complete through November 1955, so far as records have come to attention. In the Pleistocene record there has been sufficient study of the deposits of this age known from the western United States to permit indication of position as to whether they are considered dearer or more. Collecting continues actively in the Florida Pleistocene, and by now sufficient data on the avifauna should have accumulated to permit a reasonable correlation.
In the meantime it has seemed better to list all the Florida records as Pleistocene with no attempt to indicate the level. This can be achieved through a new superorder Ichthyornithes for the order Ichthyornithiformes, leaving Hcsperornis and the others placed near it in the Odontognathae. The genera Paloelodus and Megapaloclodi have been placed with the typical flamingos in the Phoenicopteridae, a group to which they are undoubtedly related.
Hildegarde Howard recently pointed out their differences in a shorter, heavier metatarsus, a non-pneumatic femur and a different shape of the tibiotarsus, and proposed the family Paloelodidae. In most cases it is an extremely dubious procedure to assume that the Pleistocene subspecies were the same as those found in the region today, and the assumption of race is only made when there is reasonable certainty of identification.
10 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Genus PODILYMBUS Lesson
Pleistoceno tardío (arena de Palos Verdes): San Pedro y Playa del Rey, condado de Los Ángeles, California.^^.
12 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL, I3I Subgenus ARDENNA Reichenbach
14 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I31
Middle Miocene (Temblor Formation): Sharktooth Hill (type locality), about 7 miles northeast, and west branch of Granite Creek, II miles north of Bakersfield, California. Late Pleistocene (Palos Verdes sand): Newport Bay, Orange County; Playa del Rey (type location), Los Angeles County, California. Order CICONHFORMES: Herons, Storks and Allies Suborder ARDEAE: Herons, Bitterns and Allies Family ARDEIDAE: Herons and Bitterns Subfamily ARDEINAE: Herons and Egrets.
Modern form reported from Pleistocene: Melbourne,^^ Itchtucknee River, Bradenton and Seminole Field, Pinellas County, Florida, Late Pleistocene: Fossil Lake, Oregon; Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, and McKittrick, Kern County, California,. Late Pleistocene: Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California; Banos de Ciego Montero, Santa Clara Province, Cuba.
20 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Genus FLORIDA Baird
Ardea paloccidcntalis Shufeldt described from Fossil Lake is based on a fragmentary tarsometatarsus of the American bittern. Pleistocene: American Falls, Idaho; Vero (layer 2), Melbourne (layer 2), Itchtucknee River, 6^ miles south of Marineland, Flagler County, Seminole Field, Pinellas County, and Venice, Florida. Late Pleistocene: Carpinteria, McKittrick, Rancho LaBrea, Los Angeles (type locality), and near Manix, San Bernardino County, California; Banos de Ciego Montero, Province of Santa Clara, Culia.-2.
24 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Phoenicopterus stocki Miller
26 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Branta canadensis (Linnaeus) : Canada Goose
Late Pleistocene: Fossil Lake, Oregon; McKittrick, Kern County and Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California.
NO, 5 CHECK-LIST OF FOSSIL BIRDS — WETMORE 29 Genus DENDROCHEN Miller
30 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Anas acuta Linnaeus: Pintail
NO, 5 CHECK-LIST OF FOSSIL BIRDS — WETMORE 31
32 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Aythya valisineria (Wilson) : Canvasback
Late Pleistocene: Newport Bay, Orange County; Lomita, Playadel Rey, Santa Monica (type locality), San Pedro (wood locality), Vermont and Sepulveda Boulevard, Bixby Slough near HermosaBeach, and Palos Verdes, Los Angeles County, California.
34 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Eonessa anaticula Wetmose
A modern form reported from the Pleistocene: Seminole Field, Pinellas County,^^ Melbourne, and cave deposits near Lecanto, Florida. photographed a small Mexican turkey, Cathartes aura aura, from Seminole Field in Pinellas County, Florida.
36 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Coragyps atratus (Bechstein) : Black Vulture
Late Pleistocene: Samwel Cave (type locality) and Stone Man Cave, Shasta County; Carpinteria, McKittrick and Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California, Quaternary (probably recent): RockyArroyo, New Mexico.
38 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Teratomis merriami Miller
Lower Miocene (Rosebud Formation): Flint Hill, 9 miles west-southwest of Martin, Bennett County, South Dakota. Late Pleistocene: Rancho La Brea (type locality),^° Los Angeles, Carpinteria, Santa Barbara County, and McKittrick, Kern County, California; San Josecito Cave, Aramberri, Nuevo Leon. Late Pleistocene: Rancho La Brea (type locality),^^ Los Angeles, Carpinteria, and McKittrick, California; San Josecito Cave, Aram-.
40 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Neophrontops vetustus Wetmore
NO, 5 CHECK-LIST OF FOSSIL BIRDS — WETMORE 4I Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus) : Goshawk
42 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte: Swainson's Hawk
Lower Miocene (Lower Harrison strata); upper Miocene^^ (Lower Snake Creek strata, type locality) : south of Agate, Sioux County, Nebraska.
44 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Genus CALOHIERAX Wetmore
Late Pleistocene: McKittrick, Kern County, Rancho La Brea (type locality),^°LosAngeles, and Carpinteria, Santa BarbaraCounty, California. Late Pleistocene: Rancho La Brea (type locality), Los Angeles, and Carpinteria, Santa Barbara County, California. Recorded fflso from Early Recent deposits in Pit 10 at Rancho La Brea (Howard, H., and Miller, A.
And from late Pleistocene or early Recent deposits at Shelter Cave, Pyramid Peak, Organ Mountains, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, by How-.
46 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Morphnus woodward! Miller
Late Pleistocene: Fossil Lake, Oregon; Rancho La Brea,"* Los Angeles, Carpinteria, McKittrick and near Manix, San Bernardino County, California. Modern form reported from the Pleistocene: Seminole Plain, Pinellas County, Venice, Melbourne, and cave deposits near Lecanto, Florida; Niobrara River, near Peters, Sheridan County, Nebraska. Late Pleistocene: Fossil Lake, Oregon; Carpinteria, McKittrick, Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, and San Pedro (Palos Verdes sand), Los Angeles County, California.
287-291, finds that the abundant material from Rancho La Brea indicates a longer-winged, shorter-legged bird.
48 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Subfamily CIRCINAE: Harriers
50 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Falco peregrinus Tunstall: Peregrine Falcon
Modern form reported from the Pleistocene: Cave near Frankstown, Pennsylvania; CumberlandCave, near Corriganville, Allegany County, Maryland; Tennessee Caverns.
NO, 5 CHECK-LIST OF FOSSIL BIRDS — WETMORE 53
54 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Palaeotetrix gilli Shufeldt
Modern form reported from the late Pleistocene: Hawver Cave, Eldorado County, Carpinteria, McKittrick, Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles and San Pedro (Palos Verdes sand), Los Angeles County, California. Modern form reported from the late Pleistocene: Potter Creek and Samwel Caves, Shasta County, and Hawver Cave, Eldorado County, California.
56 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Cyrtonyx cooki Wetmore
Joseph County, Indiana; Ashmore, Coles County, Illinois; caves of Tennessee; crevasse beds, Arkansas; Seminole Field, Pinellas County, Sarasota, Bradenton, Itchtucknee River, Melbourne, and caves at Ocalaan and Lecanto, Florida; near San Antonio, Socorro County, New.
58 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Meleagris tridens Wetmore
52 In his original proiwsal of the genus Aletornis, Marsh included five species in it without selecting a species. Modern form reported from Lower Pliocene (upper Snake Creek): Sioux County, Nebraska. From the ?Pleistocene: Niobrara River, Nebraska,*^ and Grizzly Buttes, Wyoming. 31, 32, y6, placed this species in the genus Fulica, which was the main basis for Lambrecht's action in proposing Fulicaletornis.
Grus canadensis is used as a species name to cover records of cranes of this type from the Pliocene and Pleistocene, including specimens ranging in size from the modern little brown crane to the larger varieties of the sandhill crane.
62 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Badistornis aramus Wetmore
64 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I
NO. 5 CHECK-LIST OF FOSSIL BIRDS WETMORE 65
Modern form recorded from Upper Pliocene (Rexroad fauna): MeadeCounty, Kansas. Pleistocene: SeminoleField, PinellasCounty, Bradenton, Itchtucknee River, and Haile, Alachua County, Florida;. Late Pleistocene: Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, and San Pedro (Palos Verdes Formation), Los Angeles County, California. Lower Oligocene (Chadronian, Horsetail Creek facies): Horsetail Creek, Weld County, Colorado (type locality); near Crawford, Nebraska; Indian Creek, Pennington County, South Dakota.
Upper Oligocene (Brule Formation): near Torrington, Goshen County, Wyoming (type locality); 12 miles northwest of Crawford, Nebraska. Upper Oligocene (upper Brule Formation, Protoceras-Leptaucheniabeds) : 25 miles southeast of Scenic and 6 miles east of Rocky-. He regards the lesser one as the Pleistocene ancestor of the modern Fulica americana and lists it as Fulica americana minor, a relationship denoted by the trinomial, which expresses the distribution through geologic time rather than the geographic range of the two subspecies coexisting.
68 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Order DIATRYMIFORMES : Diatrymas
70 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Genus PALOSTRALEGUS Brodkorb
72 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Subfamily SCOLOPACINAE: Woodcock and Snipes
74 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Genus EROLIA Vieillot
Modern form reported from the Late Pleistocene (Palos Verdes Formation): San Pedro, Los Angeles County, California.
78 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL, I3I Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus) : Black Tern
80 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Brachyramphus pliocenum Howard
Pliocene: Third Street Tunnel, Los Angeles (type locality), and Newport Bay, Middle Pliocene (San Diego formation): San Diego, San Diego County, and Corona del Mar, Orange County, California. Middle Pliocene (San Diego Formation): Market Street, near Euclid Avenue (type locality), and Mission Hills District, San Diego, California. Modern form reported from late Pleistocene: Stone Man Cave, Shasta County, Rancho La Brea, LosAngeles and Carpinteria, Santa Barbara County, California.
82 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Zenaidura macroura (Linnaeus) : Mourning Dove
Order CUCULIFORMES: Plantain-eaters and cuckoos SuborderCUCULI: Cuckoos, Roadrunners and Anis Family CUCULIDAE: Cuckoos, Roadrunners and Anis.
84 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL, I3I Geococcyx calif ornianus (Lesson) : Roadrunner
86 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Family STRIGIDAE : Typical Owls
Modern form reported from Late Pleistocene: Samwel Cave, Shasta County, Carpinteria, Santa Barbara County, and Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California. Modern form reported from late Pleistocene: McKittrick, Kern County and Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California.
88 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Strix brea Howard
Samwel en Potter Creek Grotte, Kondado ti Shasta, Kueba ti Hawver, Kondado ti Eldorado, McKittrick, Kondado ti Kern, Karpinteria, Kondado ti Santa Barbara, en Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, Kalifornië.
90 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Colaptes chrysoides (Malherbe) : Gilded Flicker
92 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I
Modern form reported from the Late Pleistocene: Carpinteria, Santa Barbara County, and Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California. Recent (extinct) : ^^ Cave deposits at Cueva San Miguel (type locality), near Morovis, Puerto Rico; Kitchen midden at Concordia, near Southwest Cape, St. Modern form reported from the Pleistocene: Conkling Cavern, Pyramid Peak, Organ Mountains, Dona Ana County, New Mexico.
94 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Sitta pygmaea Vigors : Pygmy Nuthatch
5 CHECKLIST OF FOSSIL BIRDS— WETMORE 95 Modern form reported from Late Pleistocene: McKittrick, Kern Modern form reported from Late Pleistocene: McKittrick, Kern County and Rancho La Brea, Los Angeles, California.
96 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Lanius ludovicianus Linnaeus: Loggerhead Shrike
102 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Genus PASSERELLA Swainson
INCERTAE SEDIS
104 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I3I Genus IGNOTORNIS Mehl
