This fossil, added to the others, proves the age of the Monos Formation as Middle Permian. The horizontal distance from this igneous body to the base of the Anidanthus zone is about 2,200 feet.
6 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I IQ ness and is generally located on the outside slopes of the crescent-
NO. 2 PERMIAN FAUNA COOPER 7
PERMIAN LOCALITIES AND FOSSIL LISTS
8 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9
NO. 2 PERMIAN FAUNA — COOPER 9
10 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9
NO. 2 PERMIAN FAUNA — COOPER II
12 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IIQ
NO. 2 PERMIAN FAUNA COOPER 1
LITERATURE CITED
A GIANT PERMIAN FUSULINE FROM SONORA
NO. 2 GIANT PERMIAN FUSULINE — DUNBAR 15
This age is indicated by several features, but especially by the stage of evolution of the cuniculi. In the Guadalupian Basin Parafusulina seems to have been suddenly replaced by Polydie.xodhw at the base of.
CORALS
SPONGES, BRACHIOPODA, PELECYPODA, AND SCAPHOPODA
SPONGES
BRACHIOPODA
22 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9
Brachial valve unevenly convex in lateral profile, maximum convexity located in abdominal region; front profile strongly convex, especially in the middle part and with long, steep, slightly concave slopes. It is also somewhat similar to Orthotetes sulcus Branson, which belongs to the genus Derbyia, in its general form and type, but the Mexican species lacks the deep brachial sulcus or the deeply concave peduncular valve of Phosphoria.
24 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9 Pedicle valve hemiconical in lateral profile with the beak and palin-
Brachial valve deeply concave in both profiles and closely fitting the inner cavity of the pedicle valve. Discussion.—This species is characterized by its depressed form, the surface of the pedicle valves essentially parallel to the surface of the route.
36 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9 are very poorly preserved and do not permit accurate comparison with
Spines large, distributed along the anterior slope and an oblique row of 3 or more at the base of the umbonal slope. Brachial valve poorly visible in four available specimens, but indicating a short and shallow visceral region and a sharp geniculate portion closely adhering to the pedicle valve track. Hinge narrower than the largest width located at or before the center.
Beak small, strongly curved and hinged and a small part of the brachial sheath. The young individuals of the Mexican specimens correspond almost exactly to Girty's description and figures. Arms slightly convex and with long anterolateral extensions to meet reentrant formed by anteromedian elevation of pedicle valve arm.
Horizon and locality. – Pink shale of the Leiorhynchoidea zone between the Anidanthus and Composita zones, loc. The cardinalia of the brachial valve agree well with those described by Cloud, with the exception that serrations in the sockets cannot be proven in the Monos material and it is likely that they are not present.
46 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL, II9 UNCINUNELLINA? PULCHRA Cooper, new species
COOPER 47rhynchonellid form and the strong imbrications in the anterior part rhynchonellid form and the strong imbrications in the anterior part of the valve. This species is somewhat doubtfully referred to Uncinunellina, agenus hitherto unrecognized on this continent because of its finely colored exterior and the presence of distinct tooth plates in the pedicle valve. Fold with 5 to 7 costae, the lateral ones often pushed under the others; sulcus with 4 to 6 costae and the flanks bearing 6.
The beak is narrow; the umbilical region is moderately swollen, the swelling continuing as a low fold along the median part of the sulcus. The flanks bordering the groove are slightly concave in the posterior part, delimiting the swollen preumbonal area, but are slightly convex in the anterior half.
48 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9 Brachial valve gently convex in lateral profile, nearly a semicircle
Brachial valve flat convex but with moderately curved umbo in lateral profile; anterior profile semi-elliptical. Brachial valve with posterior half moderately convex but anterior half nearly flat in lateral profile. Pedicel valve moderately convex but concave in anterior half when seen in lateral profile; anterior profile broadly sulcate to almost flat.
The brachial valve is gently convex in lateral profile; semicircular in front profile with somewhat flattened apex and sloping sides. Pedicle valve unevenly convex in lateral profile, posterior two-thirds having greatest convexity; anterior profile gently convex. Pedicular valve with gentle convexity in lateral profile; and very gently convex in nearly flat anterior profile.
Brachial valve gently and uniformly convex in lateral profile and with greatest convexity in the middle. The brachial valve is gently convex in lateral profile, with the umbilical region just anterior to the umbilicus forming the most convex part; anterior profile moderately but broadly convex.
58 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9
No trace was seen of the indistinct linear depression mentioned by Girty as occurring in the pedicle valve. The fasciculae are strongest in the posterior half of the valve, but have become lost anterior to the middle. Fusion of the bully in the general convexity of the valves in an anterior direction is a characteristic of N.
The flanks are moderately convex, but the umbonal slopes are steep, reflecting the inflated umbo. Surface costate, costae broadly rounded, separated by narrowly rounded, deep grooves often less than half the width of the costae; increase the costae by cleavage. The anterior part of the pedicle valve and the brachial valve were much thinner than the posterior part of the pedicle valve and were damaged or not preserved.
The genus Spiriferella was not recognized in North American Permian deposits until recently, but has been identified in the Mississippian of the Mississippi Valley. In the Mexican species, on the other hand, a narrow groove extends from the lower edge of the specimens (which is incomplete), but 2 large costae appear on the slopes of the sulcus.
64 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IIQ SPIRIFERELLA, species i
The median sulcus is narrow and deep with a short, angular tongue that contacts the widened median bone of the opposite valve. Brachial valves slightly more convex than petiole valve in lateral profile and slightly more rounded in anterior profile, but with equally steep lateral slopes. The median fold meets the opposite fold of the pedicle valve anteriorly to form a distinct lobe that projects forward from the flanks.
66 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9 troughs between the phcations as I'eported by Girty, are not revealed
Discussion.—Three specimens are referred to this species, two of which are probably the young of the larger. Fold narrowly rounded and greatly raised above the flanks, with a secondary fold developed on each side from the center of the flap to the leading edge. Sloping blades of the spire reaching the center of the valve; jugum extending perpendicularly from the descending lamellae towards the pedicle valve, the end being abruptly turned towards the posteropedicle.
Two specimens of the Mexican species preserve coarse pustules on the surface, but dozens of specimens of6^.pulchraintheU. Interior of pedicle valve with well-developed, subparallel dental plates, septa long, low, sharp, extending almost entire length of valve. The loop illustration of Heterelasma is shown here to complement the partial structures figured for H.
Discussion.—This species is characterized by the nearly planolateral profile of the brachial valve, the shoulder girth in brachial view, and the deeply sulcate anterior half of the valve. Umbonal area moderately swollen, the swelling extending anteriorly through the median and anterior portions of the valve to the anterior margin which is slightly elevated into a low, ill-defined fold.
PELECYPODA
The Mexican specimen differs from Girty's illustrated types in having a less well-defined fold on the pedicle valve, but, in so far as the speci-. Large for the genus, length about i| turn the height; outline sub-triangular, anterior marginnary rounded; ventral margin slightly convex; produced posteriorly, bluntly pointed. Bills small, densely appressed, opisthogyrate; umbo swollen; umbonal and anterior slopes convex; posterior gently convex; posterior slopes gentle; moon shaped
Medium-sized shell for the genus, amygdaloidal to subrectangular in outline; length a little more than twice the height. Umbones small, slightly inflated; umbonal slopes strongly inflated in the middle part but flattened ventrally. Abdominal margin gently convex; anteroventral extremity very narrowly rounded; anterior border gently convex; posterior border narrowly rounded; arched hinge line.
SCAPHOPODA
CEPHALOPODA
The septum forming the adoralenda of this specimen, and the dorsal portions of the several septa adhering to the outer whorl, show that in each of the lateral regions of the shell the general course of the sutures is distinctly distinct, convex oradene; ventral lobe short, broad, markedly bifid and finger-like; and the dorsal sutures consist of a short, broad, trifid, digitate dorsal lobe, and on either side of it six digitate lobes, which become progressively smaller towards the umbilicus. The verifiable portion of the sutures as well as the general physiognomy of the shell clearly indicate that this specimen belongs to the genus Waagenoceras and almost certainly to W. Representatives of Waagenoceras occur in the Sosio strata of Sicily, and are rare in the Basleo strata of Timor and East Tungkuan.
GASTROPODA
INTRODUCTION
84 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9
NO. 2 GASTROPODA — KNIGHT 85
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION EUPHEMITES SUBPAPILLOSUS (White)
II9 Comparison.— No species of Euphemites in rocks older than Per- Comparison.— No species of Euphemites in rocks older than Permian is characterized by its costae dividing into rows of pustules on the anterior slope of the whorl. In the Permian there are several species which have this feature, but comparison with them would best await their publication. In addition, there are about 40 specimens (U.S.N.M. No. 15208) too weak for positive identification from localities at AshleyCreek, the UintahMountains, and slabs with a number of poor specimens (U.S.N.M. No. 15204) from north of the well.
Warthia species, being almost devoid of ornamentation of any kind, require exceptionally well-preserved specimens, preferably in abundance, for specific discrimination. Although Warthia is a genus characteristic of Permian rocks, one of the two species previously described from North America is from the Late Pennsylvanian, Warthia kingi Moore, 1941. The other, described on the basis of such poor material that be particularly unfamiliar. and perhaps generally misplaced, is Warthia americana Girty, 1909, from the Delaware Mountain Formation of the Guadalupe Mountains of Texas.
In the collections for the aforementioned monograph I have beautifully preserved specimens of three species, two from the lower BoneSpring Limestone of Leonardo age in Sierra Diablo and one from Word.
NO. 2 GASTROPODA — KNIGHT 87 mens cannot be identified with any of these three species but in some
What appears to be the selenison sits in the middle of the outer face of the pulley. The tip is badly weathered and largely missing, and although enough of the base is preserved to show that it is quite flat and narrowly phaneromphale. These are preserved in the upper three-fifths of the outer face of the whorl and, very darkly, along the raised area.
Starting at the upper suture, they curve gently backwards and then forwards, indicating at this position a soft and wide sinus in the outer lip. Below the raised band they pass more strongly forward, indicating that the lower costa or flange projected rather strongly forward at the base of the opening. This species is represented in the Mexican collection by two very coarsely silicified specimens that show little more than the shape.
The umbilicus, about as wide as the whorls, is about one-third the diameter of the base of the shell. Straparollus (?), species A, may be referred to an undescribed genus apparently represented in the Leonardian Bone Spring Limestone of the Sierra Diablo byone species and in the Guadalupian Word limestone No.
90 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9 ORTHONYCHIA, species A
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
NO. 2 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 9I Haack, Wilhelm
EXPLANATION OF PLATES
NO. 2 EXPLANATION OF PLATES 93 Plate 4
94 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IIQ
NO. 2 EXPLANATION OF PLATES 95
96 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IIQ Plate 9
NO. 2 EXPLANATION OF PLATES 97
98 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9 Plate 14
NO. 2 EXPLANATION OF PLATES 99
100 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL, II9
Interior of brachial and pedicle showing, respectively, ridges supporting crural bases and thickenings along dental ridges, paratypes, U.S.N.M.
102 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IIQ
NO. 2 EXPLANATION OF PLATES IO3 Plate 21
104 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9
NO. 2 EXPLANATION OF PLATES IO5
I06 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. II9
PLATES
WA AG ENOCONCH A
COMPOSITA
PSEUDOMARTINIA AND SPIRIFERELLA
OMPHAUOTROCHUS ?. AND SXRAPAROLUUS
INDEX
