STUDENT’S COMPETENCE IN USING PRONOUN OF RECOUNT TEXT AT SMA SEMEN PADANG
Melia Permata Sari 1), Suharni, M.Pd 2), Dona Alica, M.Pd 3)
1) English Department, STKIP Padang Jalan Gajah Mada Gunung Pangilun poetry.tanjoeng@yahoo.co.id
2) English Department, STKIP Padang Jalan Gajah Mada Gunung Pangilun nenikuchi@ymail.com
3) English Department, STKIP Padang Jalan Gajah Mada Gunung Pangilun Aliciadona21@yahoo.co.id
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research was to analyze the student’s competence in using pronoun of recount text. The research was done at ten grade of Senior High School as the sample to get the data.
The research done was because the students have learnt about recount text. To see the student’s competence in using pronoun researcher used descriptive qualitative as the method to answer the research question that would be studied. Answering the research question, researcher asked student’s writing to the teacher. After the data was collected, researcher analyzed and from the analyzing result, researcher found that there was 9 students were middle in using pronoun, 19 students were good in using pronoun, and 7 students were having low in using pronoun of recount text.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini adalah bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan siswa menggunakan kata ganti didalam teks recount. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tingkat SMA kelas 10 sebagai sample untuk memperoleh data karena siswa SMA kelas X pada umumnya telah mempelajari teks recount. Untuk melihat kemampuan siswa menggunakan kata ganti di teks recount, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Peneliti menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif sebagai metode untuk menjawab research question yang akan peneliti lihat yaitu bagaimana kemampuan siswa SMA Semen Padang dalam menggunakan kata ganti di dalam teks recount. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan pada research question tersebut, peneliti meminta tulisan siwa kepada guru tentang recount teks. Setelah data terkumpul, peneliti menganalisa data membuat kesimpulan yang telah dikerjakan oleh siswa. Dari hasil analisa data, peneliti menemukan bahwa ada 9 siswa yang tergolong sedang dalam menggunakan kata ganti dari teks recount, 19 orang siswa tergolong baik dalam menggunakan kata ganti, dan ada 7 siswa memiliki kemampuan yang rendah dalam menggunakan kata ganti dari teks recount.
Key words: Competence, Pronoun, Recount Text
INTRODUCTION
Part of speech is classification of word in English. It is used to classify the words that are used in the sentence. There are some kinds of part of speech such as verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and
interjections. That is importance and needed in the sentence.
Part of speech is importance because they have function in sentence. According to Sutrisno (2012:12), function of part of speech is to classify noun phrase in the sentence. It means that part of
speech is the class of word which has a function in the sentence. That is including: noun, verb, preposition, conjunction, interjection, and pronoun.
Pronoun is used to replace the noun phrase in the sentence so that it is basic in English.
Moreover, pronoun is the basic for students to make a text based on their material. It means that pronoun is important for students to make a text and answer the question. There are some kinds of pronoun such as subjective pronoun, objective pronoun, possessive pronoun, demonstrative pronoun, interrogative pronoun, indefinite pronoun, relative pronoun, reciprocal pronoun, pronoun- antennae agreement, and expletive pronoun. Thus, good ability to comprehend all of kind of pronoun will make students be easy to understand and make text in English. Meanwhile, in curriculum 2013, the students have to study about written text. There are some texts in English; such as: descriptive, narrative, report, explanation, analytical exposition, discussion, procedure, and recount text. Recount text is a piece of text that retell past event, one of the basic competence is the students learnt about recount text.
Researcher chooses recount text because in recount text students use pronoun and based on syllabus, there are main materials that should be learnt by the students in recount text such; students learn about vocabulary, verb, singular and plural pronoun.
Pronoun is important in sentence or text. Pronouns are used to replace the noun in the sentence and avoid repetition of the noun. In fact, based on the pre-observation which has done by researcher in SMA SEMEN Padang, most of students knew about pronoun such as I, you, we, and theyand so on. They knew about subject pronoun but they often confused when they used possessive pronoun and subjective pronoun
Researcher interest about this title because it occurs in the field when student write or speak up. For example students of tenth grade just find the word in dictionary for example student want to translate
“bukusaya” they looking for in dictionary what is meaning of “buku” in English is book and “saya” in English is I/me. So they make “book I” they forgot to use the possessive pronoun in their sentence. That is one of example of problem in using pronoun.
Furthermore researcher concludes from the problem above the student know about pronoun in the recount text but students often do mistake when place the pronoun. Most of students are confuse when they are writing pronoun in a text so that, they need competence in using pronoun. Competence is combination of skill and knowledge that students need to be better for how to use pronoun well in
writing text. Thus, in this study, researcher interest to study and see how the student’s competence in using pronoun of recount text SMA Semen Padang.
Definition of Pronoun
Then, according to Peter and Megan (2005:61), a pronoun stands in place of a noun, noun group or name. It means that pronoun refer to something that has been named (or is about to be named) and has already been written about. For example the park is a popular place. It is used by children. It replace of the park to avoid repetitive of subject in sentence.
Moreover, according to Colman (2005:10), pronouns are the word that is used to refer to people or things without continually repeating their names. It means that pronoun is used to make simple of the text without repetition the name of someone or name or thing. Pronouns refer to people such as first person, second person, and third person. First person is that people talk firstly. Second person is the people to invite to talk. Third person is someone who is talked in dialogue or sentence. For example: Do you know with him? I never meet him before. You in the sentence is second person, him is third person, and I as first person.
Then, according to Nurholis (2009:89), pronoun is a word that is used to substitute personal pronoun. In other word, pronoun is the replacing of the first person, second person and third person. First person is that one to invite another one to speak up.
Second person is that one who invite by inviter. Third person is the object which talking about. Personal pronoun is a word is used to replace noun such as human, animal, things, and place.
Furthermore, Andri (2010:14) stated that, pronoun is word that is used to substitute a noun phrase. It means that pronoun is word which used by the writer to replace of the noun in the sentence.
There are some pronouns in the sentence subjective pronoun, objective pronoun and possessive pronoun.
Subjective pronoun is noun that used as a subject in the sentence it often place at the first of the sentence.
Objective pronoun is the noun be object which talking about in the sentence, it place at the end of the sentence. Possessive pronoun is the ownership of the noun in the sentence.
Moreover, According to Jayaraman (2013:297), pronouns are category of lexical items to be acquired by learned in the early stage of language
learning. The learner is taught to distinguish between masculine, feminine, plural, singular, animate and inanimate, which is common feature in English.
Another word pronoun is word class which learned
by the students that is the basic level in English. It is learned to about difference man and women. Pronoun of the man is he or him. Pronoun of woman is she or her.
USING PRONOUN
According to Azar (1999:132), there is table of personal pronoun:
Table 2.4 Personal Pronoun Subject Pronoun
Object Pronoun
Possessive Pronoun
Possessive Adjective Singular I
you she , he, it
Me you her, him, it
Mine yours hers, his, its
my name your name her, his, its name Plural plural Plural We
you they
Us you them
Ours yours theirs
Our your their
Adopted from Azar The explanation of the example above according
to Azar (1999:132), the noun it refers to is called the
“antecedent”. The pronoun it refers to antecedent noun book. Its mean that it as a pronoun of book. It is singular noun in the sentence.
Furthermore explanation of example above there is some subjects in English; I, you, we, they, she, he, it. First sentence I as subject in English because it place at the first sentence. Read as verb2, a book as compliment. Second sentence it is refers to book because it is called pronoun. Was is to be. It is used for subject (she, he, and it). Were is used for subject (I, you, we, they) and good is adjective.
According Azar (1999:138), there is table of reflexive pronoun. There are some examples used reflexive pronouns:
I wrote this letter myself yesterday.
S + V2 + Compliment + adverb
Myself is reflexive pronoun of I. He beats him self.
Him self is reflexive pronoun of he.
According to Azar (1999:134) there are kinds of indefinite pronouns: Everyone, someone, anyone, no one, everybody, somebody, anybody, no body, everything, something, anything and nothing. There is example of indefinite pronoun: Somebody left his book on the desk.
According to Hartanto et al (2009:70), there are kind demonstrative pronouns: singular: this, that and
one. Plural: these, those and ones. There is example using demonstrative pronoun: This is my book. That your book.
COMPETENCE
Competency is characteristic of someone according to Saifuddin (2004:15) mendefinisikan bahwa seorang yang berkompeten adalah orang yang dengan keterampilannya mengerjakan pekerjaan dengan mudah, cepat, intuitif dan sangat jarang atau tidak pernah membuat kesalahan. It means that competence of someone or student can finish assignment by skill and knowledge without missing something.
According Boulter et.al (1996) there are indicators of competence; skill, knowledge, and motivation. In other word skill is the competence of someone or student finished of assignment.
Knowledge is competence of someone or student in specific course it can be competence of student in foreign language.
Armstrong (1998), competence is knowledge, skill and quality of someone in make a assignment success. It means that competence there are some factors knowledge to make a text, skill of student to make an assignment success and quality of student, to measure student competence or not that can be seen in their writing.
RESEARCH METHOD
The researcher chose descriptive qualitative to conduct the research its purpose analyzed students’
competence in using pronoun of recount text of the tenth grade of SMA SEMEN Padang. Student’s competence in using pronoun was a problem which occurred when student write the recount text.
According to Bungin (2007:69) descriptive qualitative is a research describes about a phenomenon which occur in the field.
The researcher used document as the source of data. It takes from students’ writing recount text. And then in this research, the researcher used simple random sampling as the technique to take the data.
Referring to Gay and Airasian (2000:123), simple random sampling is the process of selecting a sample in such a way that all individuals in the define population have equal and independent chance or select for the sample randomness in sampling takes selection of chance.
In answering the research question in chapter one the researcher used the students’ writing about recount text to the tenth grade students of SMA SEMEN Padang. There were five classes every class have thirty three of students so the all of population in SMA SEMEN Padang 165 of students the researcher
just take 20% students as a participant. There were thirty five participants in this research
Researcher used document checklist as her instrumentation. According to Arikunto (2010:104), document checklist is a simple instrumentation is used by researcher to make respondent is easy to give respond. Document checklist just gives checklist the answer is provided by researcher. There are some indicators to measure student competence in using pronoun of recount text they are:
1. Student use pronoun.
2. Student use past tense 3. Student use spelling.
There is data collection methods based on Arikunto (2010:286): observation, interviewing, and document or artifacts analysis. this research, researcher choosed document checlist method. The data of this research of this research collected trough students’ writing of recount text.
To analyze the data the researcher used theory from Ary (2010:500) to analyze the data: (1) organize and familiarizing, (2) coding and reducing, (3) interpreting and representing.
There is table to analyze student competence in using pronoun.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
In this research, the data were analyzed in using pronoun recount by student in their writing of recount text. The researcher classified kind of pronoun then make percentage about correct and incorrect using pronoun of student in recount text.
There were 35 sheets of student writing of recount text that were gotten randomly from ten grade students of SMA Semen Padang registered in 2015/2016 academic year. The researcher collected the data one time after researcher analyzed the data.
Moreover, in analyzing using pronoun by students in their writing recount text the researcher describe about the types of pronouns that had been used by students. The researcher explained whether the student had correct used pronoun or not in their recount text based on the function in the sentence.
Range Classification Number of Students
1-2 Fair 7
3 Middle 9
4-5 High 19
Based on the analyzed above, the researcher found there were seven students were not competence using pronoun of recount text there were nineteen students were competence using pronoun. Based on the finding above, it can be interpreted that most of student had competence in using pronoun of recount text. Moreover, using pronoun based on indicators such; student can use pronoun correctly, student can use language feature of recount text correctly, student can use spelling correctly, were the good ways to see how the student’s competence in using pronoun of recount text. Based on the analyzing students’
writing, researcher concluded that most of the students were competence to use pronoun of recount text. Students were not competence using pronoun based on the three indicators because they did not habit with how to use pronoun in text.
CONCLUSION
Pronouns are including of part of speech. Pronoun is used to change noun phrase. Pronoun as subjects they are; (I, you, we, they, she, he and it) they as an object in the sentence. It distinguishes of gender it involves of feminine, and masculine. Not only distinguishes of gender but also distinguished of inanimate and animate.
In other to analyze students’
competece in using of pronoun the researcher conduct the descriptive qualitative research in SMA Semen Padang with the purpose to analyze students’ competence in using pronoun of recount text. The researcher used all of type of pronoun based on sentence to guide and conduct this research. There were 35 sheet students written of recount text that were used as source of data. The researcher describe whether the used if pronoun had correct or not indeed. Based on finding above researcher found 27 of student had competence using pronoun of the recount text and 8 of student had not competence in using pronoun of recount text.
SUGGESTION
After analyzing students’ competence in using pronoun of recount text at SMA Semen Padang the ten grad e of student the researcher has some suggestions.
First it is important for the teacher to consider that the used of personal pronouns is
importance to be comprehended by the student in learning English. Second teacher need to give more explanation and lead the student about the correct used of pronouns especially in writing. It is also important for the teacher to attend about using pronoun of recount text that was used by the student in writing. Third, for the teacher and next researcher should find a way that can be implemented to make students become easy in understanding using pronoun based on function in classroom activities. Fourth, it is suggestion for the student to practice writing in daily activity and try to use all of types of pronoun in written text.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Finally, this research has done well by researcher. Firstly, researcher says thanks to her God who has given her guidance and chance to complete this research. This research also can’t complete well without a helping from the first and second advisor are Suharni, M.Pd as the first advisor and Dona Alicia, M.Pd as the Second advisor. Without their helping such: giving time, ideas, suggestion, and advice then researcher will fell nothing and couldn’t finish the research. Thus, researcher would like to express deepest gratitude to Siska, M.Pd , Khairi Ikhsan, M.Pd, and Dra. Riny Dwitya Sani, M. M.Pd. Her special appreciation also goes to the head of English department, Armilia Riza, M.Pd and Mayuasti, M.Pd, the secretary of English department. . Last and would never forget, she also would like to give her appreciation to all students, head master and teacher at SMA SEMEN PADANG who have participated as sample to get the data. Without their honestly in giving their time, the thesis would never complete as it is.
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