Day of week Day time (08-20 hrs)
Night time
(20-08 hrs) TOTAL
Count % Count % Count %
Monday 134 14.1 44 4.6 178 18.7
Tuesday 126 13.2 37 3.9 163 17.1
Wednesday 93 9.8 33 3.5 126 13.2
Thursday 94 9.9 36 3.8 130 13.7
Friday 93 9.8 38 4.0 131 13.8
Saturday 93 9.8 32 3.4 125 13.1
Sunday 67 7.0 32 3.4 99 10.4
TOTAL 700 73.5 252 26.5 952 100.0
2
Supplementary Table 2
Diagnosis in ED Count
(n = 952)
%
Acute Aortic Aneurysm – ruptured 1 0.1
Acute CVA / Subdural haematoma / SAH / TIA 25 2.6
Alcohol related / Alcohol related seizure 18 1.9
Allergic reaction / Anaphylaxis 4 0.4
Anaemia 20 2.1
Atypical syncope (no prodrome or triggers) 28 2.9
Autonomic failure: 18 1.9
Primary (e.g. Parkinson’s disease) 11 1.2
Secondary (e.g. Diabetes mellitus) 7 0.7
Benign Positional Vertigo 12 1.3
Cardiac Syncope: 122 12.7
Atrial Flutter / AF 27 2.8
Heart Block / Bradyarrhythmia / Sick Sinus 45 4.7
Ventricular arrhythmia 17 1.8
Structural; Aortic stenosis 9 0.9
Structural; Heart Failure 7 0.7
Structural; Acute MI / ACS 11 1.2
Structural; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 6 0.6
Carotid sinus sensitivity 5 0.5
Gastrointestinal bleed 11 1.2
GTN syncope 0 0.0
Hypoglycaemia 16 1.7
Infection / Sepsis / LRTI / UTI 30 3.2
Malignancy 11 1.2
Neurological seizure 47 4.9
Orthostatic / Postural hypotension: 147 15.5
Secondary to medication 36 3.8
Secondary to hypovolaemia 56 5.9
Other cause 55 5.8
Psychogenic / anxiety / hyperventilation 29 3.0
Pulmonary Embolus 14 1.5
Reflex syncope: 276 29.1
Vasovagal 123 12.9
Emotional 25 2.6
Pain 50 5.3
Micturition 9 1.0
Gastrointestinal (swallowing / defecation) 33 3.5
Coughing / sneezing 4 0.4
Post-exercise 11 1.2
Other (e.g. laugh) 21 2.2
Unexplained syncope 212 22.3
Simple fall / trip 0 0.0
Viral illness 26 2.7
Diagnosis not available 53 5.6
LRTI = Lower Respiratory Tract Infection; UTI = Urinary Tract Infection Percentages rounded to 1 decimal place; some patients had >1 diagnosis
4
Supplementary Table 3
Final diagnosis at discharge from hospital Count (n = 952)
%
Acute Aortic Aneurysm – ruptured 1 0.1
Acute CVA / SDH / SAH / TIA 21 2.2
Alcohol related / Alcohol related seizure 21 2.2
Allergic reaction / Anaphylaxis 4 0.4
Anaemia 20 2.1
Atypical syncope (i.e. without prodrome / triggers) 13 1.4
Autonomic failure: 12 1.2
Primary (e.g. Parkinson’s disease) 9 0.9
Secondary (e.g. diabetes mellitus) 3 0.3
Benign Positional Vertigo 11 1.2
Cardiac Syncope: 110 11.5
Atrial Flutter / AF 30 3.2
Heart Block / Bradyarrhythmia / Sick Sinus 39 4.1
Ventricular arrhythmia 14 1.5
Structural; Aortic stenosis 9 0.9
Structural; Heart Failure 7 0.7
Structural; Acute MI / ACS 7 0.7
Structural; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 4 0.4
Carotid sinus sensitivity 4 0.4
Gastrointestinal bleed 9 0.9
GTN syncope 1 0.1
Hypoglycaemia 7 0.7
Infection / Sepsis / LRTI / UTI 35 3.7
Malignancy 17 1.8
Neurological seizure 34 3.6
Orthostatic / Postural hypotension: 124 13.1
Secondary to medication 37 3.9
Secondary to hypovolaemia 52 5.5
Other cause 35 3.7
Psychogenic / anxiety / hyperventilation 24 2.5
Pulmonary Embolus 10 1.1
Reflex syncope: 229 24.0
Vasovagal 109 11.4
Emotional 21 2.2
Pain 38 4.0
Micturition 7 0.7
Gastrointestinal (swallowing / defecation) 24 2.5
Coughing / sneezing 5 0.5
Post-exercise 12 1.3
Other (e.g. laugh) 13 1.4
Unexplained syncope 171 18.0
Simple fall / trip 3 0.3
Viral illness 17 1.8
Diagnosis not available 138 14.5
LRTI = Lower Respiratory Tract Infection; UTI = Urinary Tract Infection Percentages rounded to 1 decimal place; some patients had >1 diagnosis
6
Supplementary Table 4
Country n Admitted %
Treated in Observation/
Decision unit
% ESC High risk %
Albania 36 32 88.9 36 100.0 31 86.1
Austria 21 6 28.6 2 9.5 16 76.2
Czech
Republic 30 10 33.3 7 23.3 25 83.3
Denmark 80 32 40.0 31 38.8 64 80.0
France 79 22 27.8 26 32.9 57 72.2
Greece 81 45 55.6 21 25.9 70 86.4
Hungary 24 10 41.7 22 91.7 17 70.8
Italy 68 27 39.7 14 20.6 49 72.1
Malta 57 36 63.2 0 0.0 42 73.7
Romania 60 32 53.3 0 0.0 39 65.0
Serbia 9 3 33.3 6 66.7 8 88.9
Spain 88 17 19.3 33 37.5 57 64.8
Turkey 88 26 29.5 58 65.9 74 84.1
UK 231 81 35.1 15 6.6 168 72.7
952 379 39.8 271 28.7 717 75.3
Percentages rounded to 1 decimal place
