Table S1: Characteristics of the studies

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Study (N= 34) Country

Organ Type

Sample size (N)

Study design (cross- sectional vs prospective)

Definition low physical activity

Method of measuring physical activity

Anastactio et al, 2011¹

Brazil

Heart 148 Cross- sectional

Posttransplant reduction in habitual physical activity

Interview self-report with reported activity calculated as METs

Armstrong et al, 2006²

Australia

Not meeting the

recommendded target for physical active (the target was not defined)

Self-report questionnaire

Bengel et al, 2001³ Germany

No definition^a

Self-report questionnaire: stairs climbed, blocks walked and time spent exercising

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Physical activity measured as a composite index of physical activity calculated as kilocalories expended/day

Bossenbroek et al, 2011⁴

The Netherlands

No definition^a Pedometer, diary and questionnaire converted to steps/day and step equivalents

Bossenbroek et al, 2009⁵

The Netherlands

Heart 47 Prospective No definition^a Pedometer and diary: steps and step equivalents/day

Evangelista et al, 2005⁶

USA

Self-reported score of < 4 on a scale between 0 (lowest) and 10 (highest possible level of physical activity)

Accelerometer, diary and questionnaire

Flattery et al, 2006⁷ USA

Heart 126 Cross sectional

No definition^a Self-report questionnaire

Gordon et al, 2010⁸ USA

Kidney 88 Prospective Sedentary based on a PASE score of <99

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Grotz et al, 1995⁹ Germany

Kidney 115 Prospective No definition^a Self-report questionnaire

Langer et al, 2009¹⁰ Belgium

Lung 22 Cross- sectional

No definition^a Accelerometer

Time spent in activities of at least moderate intensity was used as main outcome. These were defined as activities requiring at least 3 METs.

Lin et al, 2011¹¹ Taiwan

Kidney 101 Cross- sectional

Myers et al, 2003¹² USA

No definition^a

Metabolic cost of occupational and recreational activities expressed as energy expenditure in kcal/week

Painter et al, 2001¹³ USA

Liver 180 Cross- sectional

Inactive: < 3 times /week cardiovascular exercise for a minimum of 30 minutes at an

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intensity level of at least

‘somewhat hard’

Rongieset al, 2011¹⁴ Poland

Denied any recreational physical activity in their everyday life

Rubin et al, 1991¹⁵ Canada

Heart 91 Prospective No definition^a

Self-report questionnaire that asked participants to estimate eh number of hours of exercise/week

Sanchez et al, 2007¹⁶

USA

Rarely/-never engaged in physical activity long enough to sweat in a 7 day period

Sarrias et al, 2010¹⁷ Spain

No aerobic exercise Not reported other than “aerobic exercise”

recorded

van den Berg-

Emons et al, 2006¹⁸ The Netherlands

Liver 8 Prospective No definition^a Activity monitor that utilized four accelerometers placed on various parts of the body with

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Calculated the percentage of dynamic activity (walking, climbing steps, running, cycling and general movement)/24 hour period

van den Ham et al, 2000 ¹⁹

Poland

van den Ham et al, 2005²⁰

The Netherlands

‘No’ to participating in sports Self-report questionnaire

Van der Mei et al, 2007²¹

The Netheralnds

Kidney 61 Prospective ‘No’ to participating in sports Self-report questionnaire

van der Mei et al, 2007²²

The Netherlands

‘No’ to participating in sports Self-report questionnaire

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Zelle et al, 2011²³ The Netherlands

Kidney 540 Prospective Inactive: MET-min/day of < 5 (< 2.5 hours of moderate intensity exercise/wk)

Brzezinska et al, 2013²⁴

Poland

Sedentary lifestyle (criteria used to classify participants as sedentary not reported)

Carvalho et al, 2014²⁵

Brazil

<5000 steps/day Accelerometer

Costa-Requena et al, 2015²⁶ Spain

Kidney 94 Prospective Sedentary life style (criteria used to classify as sedentary was not reported)

Dontje et al, 2014²⁷ The Netherlands

Kidney 27 Prospective < 5000 steps day Accelerometer

Jakovljevic et al, 2014²⁸

UK

Heart 12 Prospective No definition^a

Accelerometer reported as steps/day

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Kallwitz et al, 2013²⁹ USA

No definition^a Interviews: exercise sessions/week,

minutes/session and type of exercise; used to calculate METs

Kotarska et al, 2014³⁰

Poland

Liver 107 Cross- sectional;

recruited 3 different patient groups based on time since

transplant but data for each group was cross- sectional

No definition^a Self-report questionnaire; data used to calculate METs

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Lai et al, 2011³¹ Taiwan

Weekly mild activity (the definition used to classify activity as mild not reported)

Mazzoni et al, 2014³²

Italy

Sedentary: no training sessions during the week

Plonek et al, 2013³³ Poland

Kidney 167 Retrospective For BMI:, low physical activity was defined as no regular self-reported exercise

For self-reported health:

1hour or less of training per week

Zelle et al, 2013³⁴ The Netherlands

Kidney 26 Prospective No definition^a Accelerometer

aPhysical activity was treated as a continuous variable

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