The difference between MBBR and activated Sludge
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MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) and activated sludge are two different wastewater treatment processes that are commonly used to remove organic matter and nutrients from wastewater. Here are the main differences between MBBR and activated sludge:
Treatment Principle:
Activated Sludge: In activated sludge process, wastewater is mixed with a microbial culture (activated sludge) in an aeration tank. The microorganisms in the activated sludge, including bacteria and protozoa, break down organic matter in the wastewater through aerobic biological processes.
MBBR: In MBBR, the treatment is based on the growth of a biofilm on submerged plastic media carriers. The wastewater flows through the MBBR reactor, and microorganisms attach to the media surface, forming a biofilm. The biofilm provides a large surface area for microbial growth, allowing for the treatment of organic matter and nutrients.
Configuration and Reactor Design:
Activated Sludge: Activated sludge systems typically consist of an aeration tank, secondary clarifier, and sometimes additional units for nutrient removal. The microorganisms are suspended in the aeration tank, and settling in the clarifier separates the activated sludge from the treated wastewater.
MBBR: MBBR reactors are designed with plastic media carriers that provide a surface for the growth of biofilm. The media carriers move freely within the reactor, creating mixing and aeration. Typically, MBBR systems include multiple reactor stages in series for enhanced treatment.
Biomass Retention:
Activated Sludge: In activated sludge, a portion of the biomass (activated sludge) is returned from the secondary clarifier to the aeration tank to maintain an active microbial population.
MBBR: MBBR systems do not typically rely on biomass recirculation. The media carriers provide a fixed surface for biofilm growth, and excess biomass is removed by sloughing off from the media surface or through a separate clarification process.
Operational Flexibility and Load Handling:
Activated Sludge: Activated sludge systems are generally more sensitive to changes in influent characteristics and can require more operator control and monitoring. They may take longer to respond to load changes.
MBBR: MBBR systems can provide more operational flexibility and can handle varying organic loads and shock loads more effectively. The biofilm on the media carriers provides a more stable and resilient microbial population.
Footprint and Expansion:
Activated Sludge: Activated sludge systems typically require larger land area due to the need for secondary clarifiers and larger aeration tanks.
MBBR: MBBR systems can be more compact and require less space due to the high biomass concentration achieved in the biofilm. They can be easily expanded by adding more MBBR reactor modules.
Both activated sludge and MBBR have their advantages and are suitable for different applications and treatment goals. The choice between the two depends on factors such as effluent quality requirements, wastewater characteristics, operational flexibility, space availability, and specific project considerations.
