SPEAKING COURSE FOR EFL STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF ISLAM MALANG
SKRIPSI
BY
GIGIH YANUAR PRATAMA 21701073017
UNIVERSITY OF ISLAM MALANG
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
2022
vii ABSTRACT
Pratama, Gigih Yanuar. 2022. The Effectiveness of Using Blended Learning in Speaking Course for EFL Students at University of Islam Malang. Advisor:
(I) Drs. H. Ali Ashari, M.Pd (II) Febti Ismiatun, S.Pd., M.Pd
Key Words: Blended Lerning, Speaking, Learning Media, Enriched Virtual
This study was conducted to investigate the effectiness of blended learning of Enriched Virtual Model. This research applied Pre-Experimental design using a quantitative approach.This study used quantitative descriptive research. This study attempted to reveal: 1) how does the effect of blended learning for ELF in speaking course?. In this research, the researcher just takes two classes to use pre-test and post-test design to know the result of treatment. A total of 120 participants of third semester students were selected through cluster sampling techniques to select participants. The total of the participants was 30 students from English Department of University of Islam Malang.
This research focused on analyzing the result of English speaking achievement. The result was written in quantitative data. The data were achieved from the score of pre-test and post-test. The analysis was started from pre-test to post-test. The purpose of giving the test was to know the students' achievement in English speaking skills before and after implementing blended learning of Enriched Virtual Model.
The result of this study, it is indeed good for the learners in learning English speaking courses through the blended learning of Enriched Virtual learning model.
This learning model provides students with new experiences in the teaching and learning process. It is proven by the total score found in the tests of students' achievement, which means there are most of the learners who can adapt with the learning model so that most of them get the high score in the level of tests. The mean of pre-test was 70 and the mean of post-test was 79, it can be reported that the score of post-test higher than pre-test. It can be concluded that using blended learning of Enriched Virtual model was significant improve student speaking skill performance it can be showed that significant (2-tailed) was 0.000.
1
INTRODUCTION
This chapter covers the background of the study, research problem, objectives of the study, the hypothesis of the study, the significance of the study, scope, and limitation of the study, and definition of the key terms.
1. 1 Background of the Study
Today, the world has been changed by technology. Spending on this innovation trend is huge and sustainable. People in this world can see the different innovations or trends year by year impacted by technology which creates by some companies in any sector. This innovation shows up and spreads the pattern of language wherein for the most part utilizes English. For example, social media, the Internet of Things (IoT), the internet, and cloud computing are created by all companyi. There are major changes in education and learning of the education system.
In the phase of Industry 4.0 that skills of speaking are the most important skill that is taught in the English language. By understanding this skill people can communicate with each other. In this era English is very essential for business, work as well as education. The importance of the ability to speak or write English has recently increased significantly because English has become the de facto standard (Ahmad, 2016: 480). It means that learning English in Industry era has become very popular for any sector such as education, technology, medicine, back, and computer
In this case, learning and teaching ways now mostly used technology.
The speed and breadth of the current period bring challenges from the aforementioned megatrend (internet, cloud computing, and social media) and the fourth industrial revolution for higher education (Xing & Marwala, 2017). In addition, it is important for teacher understands the impact of this innovation to make them more innovative in the teaching process. The power of this innovation makes everyone learn the language that is most used in this trend of innovation so that many people learn English to understand how to use the technology.
Nowadays, in learning and teaching integrated by technology, learners and teachers should be able to use such online resources. Using different methods is necessary. It can make the learner more active in the learning process. The student will have a strong motivation in their learning process.
English is very essential for work and education because it will help to improve in any sectors like social and economic as well as English leads to some difficulties in the future. Speaking ability is the most important skill that is taught in the English. By understanding speaking skills, they can communicate with each other. According to Kurum (2017), speaking is the creation of grammatically correct sentences. Rather, it covers a wide range of areas of mechanics, function, linguistics, and social interaction. Therefore, all foreign teaching methodology employed in the room throughout history has invariably wanted to develop ways to boost the ability of learners in these areas
.
According to Rahmawati (2019), she stated that speaking is taken into account joined of the core competencies in learning to master. It is a vital role in
communication. Acquiring speaking skills helps people in communication. On other hand, speaking ability plays a vital role in students’ language, this skill is usually thought of because it becomes the most difficult language skill, as students have to be compelled to undergo a sophisticated method so they talk properly and clearly. In addition, some students are still afraid to speak in front of their friends, so they are afraid to make some mistakes. There are some aspects which make successful in achieving is speaking skill, such as the aspect of cognitive and mental.
In addition, media and learning strategies are one aspects.
Nowadays, the world is being hit by a virus namely COVID-19 so the learning process must be done online to avoid contracting the virus. Teaching online is not easy for teachers since the teachers have no experience in teaching online.
Online learning is one of the means in learning methods while not met or face-to- face so that they will learn from home. According to Ritonga (2018), E-learning is more well-liked and also will be integrated into the learning process. Thus, E- learning has become the subject that is interesting to be discussed. Online learning may be viewed as PC power-assisted learning, also as pedagogy for lecturers and students' targeted and cooperative learning. Online learning also focuses on computer-aided learning, wherever all educational content is transmitted digitally.
Online learning provides a unique theoretical framework that enables learners to get the most out of their learning experience (Armstrong & Mulvihil, 2007). Online learning will be successful if teachers uses learning media properly in the classroom.
Learning media is one of the factors which improve students’ skills in speaking. Learning media is one of the tactics that wants to teach and transfer knowledge to the student. There are numerous E-learning media that are utilized by teachers to show their students like Zoom or Video Conference, WhatsApp, Schoology, Google Classroom, and Google Form. Learning media can be used to enhance the effectiveness of learning. The use of learning media in teaching and learning methods will arouse new needs and interests and motivate storytelling (Arsyad, 2015). Learning Media can improve the student's learning process, which is expected to improve students’ performance.
Blended learning combines several aspects, such as online learning, structured face-to-face, and practice of the learning process. According to Rahmawati (2019), she stated that blended learning relies on foreign-language education. The fundamental reason is that it improve education, changes teaching skills, improves students’ learning abilities, and encourages students to carry out thier educational goals.The use of blended learning allows learners to plan more enjoyably and flexibly.The utilization of online guidance providers the opportunity for better learning results.
Enriched Virtual model — a course or subject in which students have required face-to-face learning sessions with their teacher of record and then are free to complete their remaining coursework remote from the face-to-face teacher.
(Jossey-Bass, 2014). Enriched Virtual is described as college students dividing their time among studying remotely and attending a brick-and-mortar school.
Enriched virtual models, delivery of content and online learning and face-to-face meetings when needed and only as a supplement.
A teacher has the main objective to let students acquire the conceptual knowledge which is applied to many subjects as well as gain an understanding of the particular material and apply it (Xing & Marwala, 2011). Blended learning is a combination of several communication media that complement each other and promote learning and applied behavior (Badrul Khan2005). Blended learning guidance encourages distinctive coordinated effort modes for learners and their instructor to be both together and isolated. Moreover, learners make some adaptable memories and spot to achieve the learning destinations at their speed as blended learning coordinates the reception of instructive innovation. According to Thorne (2003), Learning is the most logical and natural advancement of our learning agenda. We offer a combination of elegant solutions to the challenge of tailoring learning and development to the needs of the individual. Learning media greatly affects the success of students in learning especially in speaking skills since speaking is one of the important skills in learning the language. The teachers should provide interesting teaching material and strategies so that students can significantly improve their abilities. The educator must be able to find out the appropriate style in teaching so the learner can enjoy the learning process.
EFL students are expected to communicate well in English, but many factors influence their success in learning English, including: Lack of vocabulary and grammar mastery when they speak and writing in English. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of blended learning as an online learning media in
terms of speaking ability. Another factor is the student does not have good skills in speaking and the media used by a teacher in the teaching and learning process is too monotonous.
A lot of research in the area of blended learning and perception of blended learning are developed recently. Qindah (2018) examined the effect of blended learning in teaching Grammar held by Palestinian public school of tenth-grade students and composed interview and pre-test and post-tets. The result of this study, it helped the students to maintain what they learned as well as enhance their pronouncation. In a similar study conducted by Spyridon Varthis (2016) investigated the perception of blended learning of second year from a Northeastern Regional Dental School and compared interview and Likert Survey data. The result of the study showed that the students’ perception of blended learning was positive.
The last research is carried out by Isti’ana (2017) studies about the effect of blended learning in Grammar skill in student from second-semester students from the Department of English Literature, Sanata Dharma University and compared a test.
The result of this research showed that implementing blended learning significantly increases student achievement in English skills.
Then, by reviewing several previous studies, in specific discussions, , the mentioned previous study above focused on the large numbers of the participants and focused on Grammar skill. since there were limitations in the discussion occurred in the studies of blended learning. So that the present researcher tries to deploy another subject that is Enrichd Virtual Model and Speaking skill. It
is interesting to investigated the effectiveness of blended learning as an online learning model in terms of speaking ability.
1.2 Research Problem
Based on the background of the study explained, the problems of the study is:
1. How does the effect of blended learning for EFL in speaking courses?
1.3 Objective of the Study
Based on the research problem above the objectives of the research are:
1. To find out the effect of blended learning for EFL in speaking courses.
1.4 Significances of the study
The present study was purposed not only to present the findings and the analysis toward the phenomenon on the fields but also it was aimed to give benefits to the readers. Theoretically, this study is beneficial as a base to hold out a quest within the field of developing online learning media for blended learning and speaking courses. The current study was aimed to the future researchers in order to analyze the present study based on its limitations and the methods. To this, the future study will reveal deeper and more detail analysis on the study of blended learning.
Practically, this research is beneficial for the teacher and lecturer to assist them in designing and developing a good material, media, and positive atmosphere for students to create success in learning speaking. This study can contribute to education establishment as data to create and develop media and material for online learning. In addition, the current study aimed to be a reference for lecturer or teacher
as a tool and plan in teaching speaking. The current study also aimed to share knowledge in choosing the best language learning strategy to support students in online learning.
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the study
As you know, there are seven types of blended learning models. The Rotation model consists of Station Rotation model, Individual Rotation model, Lab Rotation model, Flex model, A la Carte model, Flipped classroom model, and Enriched Virtual model. In this case, the researcher only focused on analyzing how the Enriched Virtual model functions as an effective way to improve the students' speaking skills. The number of the sample used by the researcher is 30 students of the English department of UNISMA. The effectiveness of the Enriched Virtual model was analyzed based on the achievement and perception of the students after being implemented the Enriched Virtual model. The students’ speaking achievement was taken by students' scores from speaking tets.
This present study has several limitations that expected to be covered up in the future study. The limited participant is the main limitation in this research. The researcher only takes 30 students of 3rd semester. Because the number of the subject is relatively small, the result of this study must be further verified. The second limition is participant, due to pandemic covid the researcher hard to conduct the research for offline treatment of blended learning.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms
To avoid misunderstandings, there are some important terms used in this study as follows:
1. Blended learning is a learning method that combines learning face-to- face learning with online teaching materials
2. The Enriched Virtual Model is defined as a student who divides time between distance learning and attending a real school.
3. Speaking courses is storytelling of students performance. .
29 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
This chapter provides a summary and discussion of the results, followed by some suggestions for research for future researchers. The conclusions are put forward based on the researcher's findings. Hopefully, the conclusion and suggestion can give a significant contribution to teaching English skills, particularly in the English Education Department of the University of Islam Malang.
5.1 Conclusion
Learning strategies play an important role in student speaking performance, as shown in the results and dicussions. Pre-test students fell into the good category, although the mean score of pre-test students was 70 lower than the mean score of post-test was 79. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of blended learning in speaking courses positively effect students speaking performance during online learning. The score of students in the post-test was higher than pre-test after the treatment. The result of the speaking test showed that there is a significant difference between the score of pre-test and post-test, which means that the students have higher score in speaking achievment after the researcher applied the blended learning during pandemic Covid-19. Blended learning's enhanced virtual model has been found to be effective in improving students' English proficiency.
5.2 Suggestions
From the above conclusion, we can recommend some general points regarding our approach to teaching English. Suggestion are useful recommendation for English teachers and future researchers.
5.2.1 English Lecturer
For English lecturers or teachers, the results of this study are expected to educational and learning activities. To find out which learning model or strategy students are using to develop their speaking skills. The use of technology and variations in the learning model in speaking skill learning can give the students motivation and improve learning achievement in learning English skills. The lectures can apply the Enriched Virtual model of blended learning in learning speaking skills as a variation in helping students learn.
5.2.2 Future Researchers
Finally, it is hoped that the results of this study can call for more research on language learning strategies. The current study was a mixed research study; it investigates the effect of using blended learners in speaking and students’
perception of blended learning. Therefore, more research should make various visual materials such as learning videos other than monotonous material.
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