Writing is one of the important language skills that must be mastered by the students to convey their ideas or their opinions in written form. The subject of the study is the eighth grade students of SMPN 1 Sawoo in the academic year 2014/2015.
Teaching Writing
When writing the final product, the students are reminded to use appropriate format (title, paragraphing, mechanic). For publication, the students may be asked to read their writings in front of the class, or to display them in the classroom to get positive comments from other students.
The Aspects of Writing
From the above statement, the benefits of teaching writing is to encourage students to increase intelligence, creativity and ability in the written form with good language and structure. According to Parkinson, students should also learn to spell when learning new words.
The Skill of Writing
A mechanical skill is the ability to use the conventions peculiar to the written language correctly, e.g. punctuation, spelling. Judging skills are the ability to write in a particular way, to select, organize and order relevant information.
Goals of Writing
Assessment in Writing
In assessment writing, there are some criteria that can help the teacher assess students' writing. This type of scoring focuses on “how well students can write within a narrowly defined area of discourse.
Narrative Text
Dewi Indriyanti in her study 'Teaching Listening Using Dictogloss to Enhance Students' Listening Skill at the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 1 Pangenan Swadaya Gunung Jati University Cirebon 2013.'54 The researchers of the previous study formulated the problem as follows: (1) to know the effectiveness of using the dictogloss technique in listening instruction on students' listening skills, (2) to know the students' perception regarding the use of the dictogloss technique in listening instruction. 54Dewi Indriyanti “Learning to Listen Using Dictogloss to Improve the Listening Skills of Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 1 Pangenan.” Swadaya Gunung Jati University Cirebon. Nova Susanti in her study 'Improving students' performance in writing hortatory exposition texts through the dictogloss technique'56. The researcher of the previous study formulated the problem as follows: (1) knowing the students.
56 Nova Susanti in her study “Improving Students' Achievements in Writing Hortatory Exposition Texts Through Dictogloss Technique” Department of English Language and Literature of UNIMED. Ha: There are significant differences between the writing skills of students taught using the dictogloss technique and the writing skills of students not taught using the dictogloss technique. Ho: There is no significant difference between the writing skills of students taught using the dictogloss technique and the writing skills of students not taught using the dictogloss technique.
The hypothesis in this research is: Ha: There is any significance between the writing skills of students who learn using the dictogloss technique and the writing skills of students who do not learn through the dictogloss technique.
RESEARCH METHODS
Research Design
There are several types of experimental research; some of them are true experimental, quasi-experimental and pre-experimental.61 In this research, the research used quasi-experimental and non-equivalent (pre-test and post-test) control group designs. Quasi-experimental research is research that directly attempts to influence a particular variable, and when used properly, is the best type for testing hypotheses about cause-effect relationships.62 This design was assumed to meet the purpose of this research, i.e. to know whether there is a significant difference between the students'. In non-equivalent (pre-test and post-test) control group design, a popular approach to quasi-experiment, the experimental group A and control group B were selected without random assignment.
Here, both experimental and control classes were pre- and post-tested on their knowledge of the information contained in the texts. Pre-test before the treatment so that the students are in the same condition and know the writing skills of the students and post-test to measure the effects of that treatment. Experiment : class using the dictogloss technique Control : class using the conventional method O1 : Pre-test for the experiment class.
The result of data collection is used to know whether there is a significant difference between students' writing skills using the dictogloss technique and using the conventional method in grade 8 students of SMPN 1 Sawoo Ponorogo in academic year 2014/2015.
Population and Sample 1. Population
- Sample
The researcher tried to express phenomena by collecting data from natural research to understand the phenomenon and to get conclusions after observing the fact. There are two classes used in this research, one class for the experiment and another for the control class, which has a criterion, that is, the students have the same ability in writing. The cluster in this research is VIII E grade of experimental group and VIII F of control group of eighth grade students of SMPN 1 Sawoo Ponorogo in academic year 2014/2015.
Instrument of Data Collection
- Test of Validity
- Test of Reliability
The test was to obtain information about the students' writing ability after the completion of the learning process. The researcher analyzed the test result to know the change in students' writing skills and interpreted it. The written test was conducted by the researcher based on the school curriculum.
3 9-12 Some errors, fair control over the use of the simple present form 2 5-8 Many errors, poor control over. Adjustment of the half-test correlation to estimate the reliability of the full test is achieved using the Spearman-Brown prediction formula. The reliability of the results of the above calculations was the value of the variable reliability of the instruments of class VIII B students was 0.972.
And the test is reliable because the reliability test index is 0.972, it is higher than the r index which showed 0.404.
Technique of Data Collection 1. Test
- Interview
- Documentation
Interviews can vary in a structured or unstructured interview and can be conducted face-to-face or over the phone. An unstructured interview is a free interview in which the researcher does not use an interview guide that is organized into a systematic and comprehensive collection of data. Thus, the researcher uses this method to collect data on the state of the research object.
The researcher interviews the teacher of SMPN 1 Sawoo Ponorogo, Anis Ferdiana, to obtain information about the difficulty of teaching writing skills in the classroom. Documentary is a kind of important technique to obtain data about anything or any variable, in the form of notes, transcripts, books, newspapers, magazines, meeting results, ledger, etc.76 In research, documentary technique is used to obtain data about names of students, condition of teachers and staff, vision, mission, goals, facilities, infrastructure and the structure organization at SMPN 1 Sawoo Ponorogo.
Technique of Data Analysis
The value of Z is calculated using the formula SD1' = Standard deviation x variable SD2' = Standard deviation y variable SEM1' = Error standard of x variable SEM2' = Error standard of y variable. SEM1-M2 = Standard error between mean of x-variable and y-variable R12 = the correlation coefficient between x-variable and y.
Σf1‟ = total number of results of variable x Σf2‟ = total number of results of variable x Σf12 = total number of results of squares of variable x Σf22 = total number of results of squares of variable y.
Research Location and Time of the Research 1. General Location
The teachers must act as advisors for the students in developing creativity and self-potential and as a motivator who helps the students to lift the goal and aspiration. This greatly affects the performance of the school in an effort to improve the quality of education. The total number of teachers in SMPN 1 Sawoo is 35 and 12 official employees.83 Students are the important component of the educational process.
It divided it into three classes; seventh grade, eighth grade, and ninth grade. The researcher conducts the study on seventh grade students because the major problem is at the seventh grade level. Students often forget some materials that the teacher has explained, and students also have a low vocabulary.
This is as an interview on December 20, 2014 with an eighth grade English teacher in SMPN 01 Sawoo, Ms.
Data Description
- Data of Pre-Test in Experimental Class (8 E) and Control Class (8 F) The procedure of pre-test, researcher took 52 students as a sample
- Data of Post-Test in Experimental Class (8 E) and Control Class (8 F) Before the post-test, researcher did the treatment for three times
- The Result of Assumption Test for Parametric Statistic a. Normality
The table below shows the pre-test scores of untrained students using the dictogloss technique. So, it could be concluded that the pre-test of students taught using dictogloss was moderate. From the table above, it was observed that the pre-test of the control group students who were not taught using dictogloss were varieties.
So it could be concluded that the pretest of the students who were not taught using dictogloss was moderate. The table below showed the posttest scores of the students who were taught using the dictogloss technique. So it could be concluded that the posttest of the students who were taught using dictogloss was good.
From the table above, it could be seen that the post-test of the students in the control group who were not taught using dictogloss were varieties.
Data Analysis
- The Analysis Post Test of Experimental Class
- The Analysis Post Test of Control Class
- Testing Hypothesis ( � )
- Discussion
Thus, it can be seen that score above 88 is considered as excellent category of writing skill, while score less than 81 was categorized as low writing skill and its score of 81-88 is good category. From such a categorization, it can be seen that the writing skills of the students in the experimental group at the eighth grade of SMPN 1 Sawoo in excellent categories with a frequency of 9 respondents, in a good category with a frequency of 10 respondents and in the low category with a frequency of 7 respondents. Thus, it can generally be said that the students' writing skills after testing in the experimental group, who taught with dictogloss at the eighth grade in SMPN 1 Sawoo, are at a good level.
Thus, it can be seen that a score higher than 83 is considered an excellent writing skill category, while scores lower than 74 were categorized as low writing skill and the score of 74-83 is a good category. Such categorization shows that the writing skills in the control group in the eighth grade of SMPN 1 Sawoo are in excellent categories with a frequency of as many as 4 respondents, in a good category with a frequency of 19 respondents, and in the category of low with a frequency of 19 respondents. frequency of 3 respondents. Therefore, in general, it can be said that the post-test writing skills of the students in the control group of not receiving dictogloss instruction in the eighth grade of SMPN 1 Sawoo are of a low level.
From both the above tables, the researcher compares the mean score of students' writing ability taught using mind map (X) and students‟.
CLOSING
Conclusion
Suggestion
