Universitas Lampung International Conference on Social Sciences

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 The 2^nd Universitas Lampung International Conference on Social Sciences

 “ Innovations and Social Development in Society 5.0”

Bandar Lampung 2021, August 30 & 31

The 2

^nd

Universitas Lampung International Conference on Social Sciences

“ Social Welfare and Development”

YOUTH AND RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION

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Autor

Risandi Koswara Public Administration

Department Lampung University Lampung, Indonesia risandikoswara2001@gmail.

com

Devi Yulianti, S.A.N., M.A.

Public Administration Department

Lampung University Lampung, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-

0885-4687

Intan Fitri Meutia, S.A.N., M.A., Ph.D.

Public Administration Department

Lampung University Lampung, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-

9818-8459

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Presentation Content

•

Introduction

•

Research question

•

Research objective

•

Literature Review

•

Method

•

Finding and Discussion

•

Conslusion

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Introduction

Rural-Urban migration is internal migration. It means the movements of people from the countryside to the city.

One of the forces of this migration is education-based which is mostly done by the youth in rural areas.

Because the good side of education gives better opportunities. Although the migration of the young population will threaten the rural communities.

 The 2^nd Universitas Lampung International Conference on Social Sciences

 “ Innovations and Social Development in Society 5.0”

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Research questions and objectives

Research questions:

1. What are the motives of rural-urban migration of rural youth especially in TANGGAMUS?

2. What are the contributions of rural youth to the community?

Research objectives:

3. Explaining the motives of rural youth in Tanggamus migrating to urban areas for further study

4. Illustrating the rural contributions for society development.

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Literature Review



Rural Youth



The Motives of Rural- Urban Migration

Bennel (2007) defines rural youth

characteristics by age and location. In terms of age definition, United Nations defines youth as all individuals aged from 15 to 24. While from location terms, it is defined as the rural and urban with the location characteristics.

The motivations for migration may vary and be affected by natural geographic factors and social also economic development.

The rural population will lose the qualified community that affects rural social life (Gollopeni, 2015)

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Research Method

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Qualitative approach

•

An online survey from rural youth aged 19- 25 years old.

•

Collect the responses to explain the

urbanization phenomenon among youth in rural Tanggamus

•

Comparing the survey results with journal articles to support the survey results.

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Finding and Discussion

The average age of respondents migrates and the information of motives for Rural-Urban Migration

19 YO 20 YO 21 YO 22 YO 23 YO 24 YO 25 YO 0

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Age

Source: Research documentation, 2021

54.29%

25.71%

5.71%

14.29% Education

Looking for valuable exper- inces

Experiencing dif - ferent cultures Creating networks

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Finding and Discussion

Figure 1. The push factors of rural youth- urban migration

Rural Urban

Figure 2. The pull of youth from the urban return to rural

Rural Urban

Pull factors of Migration:

family, friends, graduation, long distance learning, and the desire to build the community, contribute to youth organizations, and develop their region in the long term.

Push Factors of Migration: better quality of education, better job

opportunities, and independent living experience

Source: Conceptual Research Framework,2021. Source: Conceptual Research Framework,2021.

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Finding and Discussion

 The 2^nd Universitas Lampung International Conference on Social Sciences Bandar Lampung 2021, August 30 & 31

Youth development is a strategic plan to prepare a future generation to be engaged in building the nation.

1. Youth are human resources who need training and education 2. Youth Undergraduate Program for Development in Rural Areas

(PSP-3)

The contribution of Youth for their community is found in:

1.Youth Clubs

2. Youth Organization

3. Youth Community

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Finding and Discussion

We analyze the study from Bennel (2007) on youth in developing countries.

1. Improve the future livelihood prospect of youth in rural areas

2. The major relevance of schooling conditions in rural areas makes youth move to urban areas.

The challenges for providing high-quality training and services for rural youth are low education levels, poor learning outcomes, low demand, scattered population, and limited funding.

As problem-solving of this situation:

1. Adult education is necessary to help rural parents understand the realities of the roles for being the education counselor for their children.

2. The government ought to focus on delivering quality basic education.

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Conclusions

 The 2^st Universitas Lampung International Conference on Social Sciences

 Our survey among youth sample in Tanggamus revealed that youth migrated to urban locations in Indonesia, including Yogyakarta, Jakarta, West Java, and South Sumatra, to get independent living experience and a better quality of education better job opportunities.

 At the same time, the factors that encourage them to return to their regions are their families, the desire to build the community, contributing to youth organizations, and developing their region in the long term.

 Generally, in Indonesia, we find the youth community of Karang Taruna as an organization consisting of youth with different educational backgrounds contribute to building their territory.

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THANK YOU

Risandi Koswara

[email protected]