View of ECOSOPHY ADVICE IN TUNJUK AJAR MELAYU: A CRITICAL ECOLINGUISTIC STUDY

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

ECOSOPHY ADVICE IN TUNJUK AJAR MELAYU:

A CRITICAL ECOLINGUISTIC STUDY

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

ƒ…—Ž–›‘ˆ—ƒ‹–‹‡•ǡ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆƒ…ƒ‰—‹‰

ƒ‹Žǣˆƒ—œ‹̷—‹ŽƒǤƒ…Ǥ‹†

Abstract: Š‹• ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ †‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ†˜‹…‡ ‘ˆ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ

’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘—†‹Tunjuk Ajar MelayuȋƒŽƒ›–‡ƒ…Š‹‰•Ȍ–‡š–•…‘’‹Ž‡†„›

‡ƒ• ˆˆ‡†› ȋʹͲͳͶȌǤ – ƒ’’Ž‹‡• †‘…—‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‡–Š‘† –‘ …‘ŽŽ‡…– –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒǤ

Š‡…‘ŽŽ‡…–‡††ƒ–ƒƒ”‡–Š‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†—•‹‰…”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•’”‘’‘•‡†„›

””ƒ–‹„„‡ƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘…‘…‡’–„›‹„ƒ”ƒ‹ǤŠ‡”‡•—Ž–••Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡”‡

ƒ”‡ˆ‘—”ƒ‹‹†•‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽƒ•’‡…–•’‡”–ƒ‹‹‰Š—ƒ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›

–‘ –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‹ –Š‡ –‡š–• †‹•…—••‡†ǡ ȋͳȌ ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ —‹˜‡”•‡ǡ ȋʹȌ

ƒƒ‰‹‰–Š‡—‹˜‡”•‡™‹•‡Ž›ǡȋ͵Ȍ’”‡•‡”˜‹‰–Š‡ƒ–—”‡ǡƒ†ȋͶȌ’ƒ••‹‰†‘™

–Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ –‘ –Š‡ ˆ—–—”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ”‘ –Š‡ –‡š–• •–—†‹‡†ǡ ‹– ‹• ˆ‘—† –Šƒ–

–Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ …Ž‘•‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ Š—ƒ• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ –Š‡

”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡Š—ƒ•ƒ†‘–Š‡”Š—ƒ•ǡƒ†–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡

Š—ƒ• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘†Ǥ Š‡ ͹ͳ ‡š’”‡••‹‘• •–—†‹‡† ˆ”‘ ƒŽƒ› –‡ƒ…Š‹‰ ƒ†

Ž‡ƒ”‹‰ –‡š–•ǡ ƒŽŽ ”‡˜‡ƒŽ ƒŽƒ› Ž‘…ƒŽ ™‹•†‘ ™Š‘•‡ ƒ‹ ‹• –‘ ’”‡•‡”˜‡ –Š‡‹”

‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡› ‘™ –Šƒ– ‹ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ •‡ƒǡ ”‹˜‡”ǡ ƒ† Žƒ‡

‡˜‹”‘‡–•ƒ”‡†‡•–”‘›‡†ǡ–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆƒŽƒ›•‘…‹‡–›ƒ†ƒŽƒ›…—•–‘•

™‹ŽŽƒŽ•‘„‡Ž‘•–Ǥ

Keywords: Ecosophy, environment, Malay Teachings, critical ecolinguistics

INTRODUCTION

ƒŽƒ›• Šƒ˜‡ –‡ƒ…Š‹‰• ‡–Š‘† ’‡”–ƒ‹‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ†˜‹…‡ –‘ ’”‡•‡”˜‡ –Š‡

ƒ–—”‡ǤŠ‹•…‘…‡’–•…ƒ„‡—•‡†–‘’”‘–‡…–ǡƒ‹–ƒ‹ǡ—–‹Ž‹œ‡ǡƒ†’ƒ••‹–‘–‘

ˆ—–—”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡ ’‘‹–• ‘ˆTunjuk Ajar Melayu ȋƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰•Ȍ ƒ”‡

ƒŽƒ›Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘‹”‡Žƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡•—””‘—†‹‰‘”ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǤŠ‡

‹–Š ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰• ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡

ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– —•– „‡ ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡† ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† •‘ –Šƒ– ‹– …ƒ „‡

‡Œ‘›‡†ƒ†’—–‹–‘’”ƒ…–‹…‡–Š‡˜ƒŽ—‡•…‘–ƒ‹‡†–Š‡”‡‹ǤŠ‹•…‘†‹–‹‘Šƒ•

ƒŽ•‘ „‡‡ ‡–‹‘‡† „› ‹ƒ” ȋʹͲʹͲǣ ͹ͲȌ –Šƒ– ̶ƒ› ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡• ‹

†‘‡•‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ƒ– ƒ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ –Š”‡•Š‘Ž†ǡ ‹– ‹• ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž– –‘ •—”˜‹˜‡ǡ

ˆ—…–‹‘ǡƒ†„‡‹Š‡”‹–‡†‹–Š‡‹”‡–‹”‡–›Ǥƒ›˜ƒŽ—‡•‘ˆ‹†‹‰‡‘—•™‹•†‘

ƒ† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ‘ˆ Ž‘…ƒŽ ƒ‡•–”‘ ™‡”‡ †‹•’Žƒ…‡† ‘” ‡š–‹…– „‡ˆ‘”‡ „‡‹‰

†‘…—‡–‡†Ǥ‘––‘‡–‹‘ǡ™‹–Š–Š‡–Š”‡ƒ–‘ˆŠ‡‰‡‘›ƒ†–Š‡†‘‹ƒ…‡

ECOSOPHY ADVICE IN TUNJUK AJAR MELAYU:

A CRITICAL ECOLINGUISTIC STUDY

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

ƒ…—Ž–›‘ˆ—ƒ‹–‹‡•ǡ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆƒ…ƒ‰—‹‰

ƒ‹Žǣˆƒ—œ‹̷—‹ŽƒǤƒ…Ǥ‹†

Abstract: Š‹• ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ †‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ†˜‹…‡ ‘ˆ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ

’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘—†‹Tunjuk Ajar MelayuȋƒŽƒ›–‡ƒ…Š‹‰•Ȍ–‡š–•…‘’‹Ž‡†„›

‡ƒ• ˆˆ‡†› ȋʹͲͳͶȌǤ – ƒ’’Ž‹‡• †‘…—‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‡–Š‘† –‘ …‘ŽŽ‡…– –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒǤ

Š‡…‘ŽŽ‡…–‡††ƒ–ƒƒ”‡–Š‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†—•‹‰…”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•’”‘’‘•‡†„›

””ƒ–‹„„‡ƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘…‘…‡’–„›‹„ƒ”ƒ‹ǤŠ‡”‡•—Ž–••Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡”‡

ƒ”‡ˆ‘—”ƒ‹‹†•‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽƒ•’‡…–•’‡”–ƒ‹‹‰Š—ƒ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›

–‘ –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‹ –Š‡ –‡š–• †‹•…—••‡†ǡ ȋͳȌ ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ —‹˜‡”•‡ǡ ȋʹȌ

ƒƒ‰‹‰–Š‡—‹˜‡”•‡™‹•‡Ž›ǡȋ͵Ȍ’”‡•‡”˜‹‰–Š‡ƒ–—”‡ǡƒ†ȋͶȌ’ƒ••‹‰†‘™

–Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ –‘ –Š‡ ˆ—–—”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ”‘ –Š‡ –‡š–• •–—†‹‡†ǡ ‹– ‹• ˆ‘—† –Šƒ–

–Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ …Ž‘•‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ Š—ƒ• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ –Š‡

”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡Š—ƒ•ƒ†‘–Š‡”Š—ƒ•ǡƒ†–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡

Š—ƒ• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘†Ǥ Š‡ ͹ͳ ‡š’”‡••‹‘• •–—†‹‡† ˆ”‘ ƒŽƒ› –‡ƒ…Š‹‰ ƒ†

Ž‡ƒ”‹‰ –‡š–•ǡ ƒŽŽ ”‡˜‡ƒŽ ƒŽƒ› Ž‘…ƒŽ ™‹•†‘ ™Š‘•‡ ƒ‹ ‹• –‘ ’”‡•‡”˜‡ –Š‡‹”

‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡› ‘™ –Šƒ– ‹ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ •‡ƒǡ ”‹˜‡”ǡ ƒ† Žƒ‡

‡˜‹”‘‡–•ƒ”‡†‡•–”‘›‡†ǡ–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆƒŽƒ›•‘…‹‡–›ƒ†ƒŽƒ›…—•–‘•

™‹ŽŽƒŽ•‘„‡Ž‘•–Ǥ

Keywords: Ecosophy, environment, Malay Teachings, critical ecolinguistics

INTRODUCTION

ƒŽƒ›• Šƒ˜‡ –‡ƒ…Š‹‰• ‡–Š‘† ’‡”–ƒ‹‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ†˜‹…‡ –‘ ’”‡•‡”˜‡ –Š‡

ƒ–—”‡ǤŠ‹•…‘…‡’–•…ƒ„‡—•‡†–‘’”‘–‡…–ǡƒ‹–ƒ‹ǡ—–‹Ž‹œ‡ǡƒ†’ƒ••‹–‘–‘

ˆ—–—”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡ ’‘‹–• ‘ˆTunjuk Ajar Melayu ȋƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰•Ȍ ƒ”‡

ƒŽƒ›Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘‹”‡Žƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡•—””‘—†‹‰‘”ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǤŠ‡

‹–Š ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰• ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡

ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– —•– „‡ ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡† ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† •‘ –Šƒ– ‹– …ƒ „‡

‡Œ‘›‡†ƒ†’—–‹–‘’”ƒ…–‹…‡–Š‡˜ƒŽ—‡•…‘–ƒ‹‡†–Š‡”‡‹ǤŠ‹•…‘†‹–‹‘Šƒ•

ƒŽ•‘ „‡‡ ‡–‹‘‡† „› ‹ƒ” ȋʹͲʹͲǣ ͹ͲȌ –Šƒ– ̶ƒ› ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡• ‹

†‘‡•‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ƒ– ƒ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ –Š”‡•Š‘Ž†ǡ ‹– ‹• ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž– –‘ •—”˜‹˜‡ǡ

ˆ—…–‹‘ǡƒ†„‡‹Š‡”‹–‡†‹–Š‡‹”‡–‹”‡–›Ǥƒ›˜ƒŽ—‡•‘ˆ‹†‹‰‡‘—•™‹•†‘

ƒ† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ‘ˆ Ž‘…ƒŽ ƒ‡•–”‘ ™‡”‡ †‹•’Žƒ…‡† ‘” ‡š–‹…– „‡ˆ‘”‡ „‡‹‰

†‘…—‡–‡†Ǥ‘––‘‡–‹‘ǡ™‹–Š–Š‡–Š”‡ƒ–‘ˆŠ‡‰‡‘›ƒ†–Š‡†‘‹ƒ…‡

‘ˆ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽǡ ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•ǡ ‹– ‹• ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›

pressing for minority languages”.

‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‘ –‡š–• …‘–ƒ‹‹‰ Ž‘…ƒŽ ™‹•†‘ ‹• ‹’‘”–ƒ– –‘ †‘ ˆ‘”

’”‡•‡”˜‹‰ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† •–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–›Ǥ ˆ –Š‹• ‹† ‘ˆ

”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‹•‘–…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–ǡ‹–‹•ˆ‡ƒ”‡†–Šƒ––Š‹•‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽ’”‘’‡”–›™‹ŽŽ„‡Ž‘•–

ƒ†…ƒ‘–„‡‡Œ‘›‡†„›ˆ—–—”‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‡˜‡”ƒŽ’”‡˜‹‘—••–—†‹‡•”‡Žƒ–‡†

to the ecology of language studies; Fauzi, et al. (2021) “An Analysis of Malay's

ƒ”‹–‹‡Ǧ”‹‡–‡†‡š–•„›•‹‰”‹–‹…ƒŽ‰Ž‹•Š…‘Ǧlinguistics”; Fauzi, et al (2021) “Ecosophy of Terubuk Fish Poem”; Fauzi (2020) "The ecosophy of the

“Cangkir Kera” in Banglas folk tale Antara Rintis by Hang Kafrawi, et al";

•–ƒ™ƒǡ‡–ƒŽǤȋʹͲͳͻȌ̶Š‡‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŠ‡”‹‹–ƒƒ”ƒƒ…‘•‘’Š›‹

Š‡™‹‰Ǧƒ™‹‰ ȋ—•–‘ƒ”› ƒ™Ȍ ‡š– ‘ˆ ‡‰ƒƒ ‡‰”‹‰•‹‰ƒ ‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ǣ

”‹–‹…ƒŽ…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡̶Ǣ—ƒ‹†‹ȋʹͲͳͻȌ̶’‹”‹–‘ˆƒ”‹–‹‡‹‹†ƒ

Liamsi's Poems"; Jismulatif and Dahnilsyah (201) “Language and Ecology in …‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…• ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ǣ …ƒ•‡ •–—†› ‘ —Œ— Œƒ” ƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‹ ‹ƒ—ǡ Indonesia”; and Mishra (2016) “Ecocriticism: A Study of Environmental ••—‡•

‹‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡Ǥ”

Š‡’—”’‘•‡‘ˆ–Š‹••–—†›‹•–‘‡Ž—…‹†ƒ–‡–Š‡‡…‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ–Š‡–‡ƒ…Š‹‰•‘ˆ

–Š‡‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž›‘ˆ–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–‹–Š‡ƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰•„‘‘Ǥƒ††‹–‹‘ǡ

–Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‹• ƒŽ•‘ –‘ ”‡˜‡ƒŽ –Š‡ ’ƒ––‡” ‘ˆ ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡ

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǡ—–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ǡƒ†‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–‹ƒŽƒ›

…—Ž–—”‡Ǥ

LITERATURE REVIEW

Š‡ …‘…‡’–• —•‡† –‘ ƒƒŽ›œ‡ –Š‹• ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ƒ”‡ ‡…‘•‘’Š›ǡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ

‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•ǡŽ‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘ƒ†ƒ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰•Ǥ ECOSOPHY

Š‡ –‡” ‡…‘•‘’Š› ȋ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›Ȍ ™ƒ• ‹–”‘†—…‡† „›

ƒ‡•• ȋͳͻ͹ʹȌ ‹Deep EcologyǤ Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š› ƒ• ƒ –›’‡ ‘ˆ •‘’Š‹ƒ ‘” ™‹•†‘ǡ ‹•

‘’‡Ž›‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ǡ‹–…‘–ƒ‹•„‘–Š‘”•ǡ˜ƒŽ—‡•ǡ”—Ž‡•ǡ’”‘’‘•‹–‹‘•ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•

•–ƒ–‡‡–• ‘ˆ ’”‹‘”‹–› ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† Š›’‘–Š‡•‡• ƒ„‘—– ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ’”‘„Ž‡• ‹ ‘—”

—‹˜‡”•‡Ǥ ‹•‡ ’”‡•…”‹’–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‘– ‘Ž› •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹… †‡•…”‹’–‹‘• „—– ƒŽ•‘

•…‹‡–‹ˆ‹… ’”‡†‹…–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ‘ˆ ƒ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ™‹ŽŽ •Š‘™ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘• ‘

‹’‘”–ƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• ‘– ‘Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ̶ˆƒ…–•̶ ‘ˆ ’‘ŽŽ—–‹‘ǡ ”‡•‘—”…‡•ǡ

’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ǡƒ†•‘‘ǡ„—–ƒŽ•‘”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘’”‹‘”‹–›˜ƒŽ—‡•ȋͳͻͻͷǣͺȌǤ

‘•‡‡–Š‡‡š–‡––‘™Š‹…ŠƒŽƒ›–‡š–•…‘–”‹„—–‡’‘•‹–‹˜‡Ž›ǡ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡Ž›

‘”ƒ„‹˜ƒŽ‡–Ž›–‘–Š‡•—””‘—†‹‰‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ–Š‹••–—†›—•‡•–Š‡‡…‘•‘’Š›

…‘…‡’–‘ˆ–‹„„‡ȋ2015: 16). In his concept, Stibbe stated that “after revealing

•–‘”‹‡•„›Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǡ–Š‡•–‘”‹‡•ƒ”‡–Š‡Œ—†‰‡†ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡…‘•‘’Š›Ǥ

•–‘”›™‹ŽŽ„‡Œ—†‰‡†’‘•‹–‹˜‡Ž›‹ˆ‹–‡š’‘•‡•ƒ†˜ƒŽ—‡•–Š‡‹••—‡•‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡ƒ†

™‡ŽŽǦ„‡‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ •’‡…‹‡•ǡ ’”‘‘–‡• Š—ƒ ™‡ŽŽǦ„‡‹‰ǡ …ƒŽŽ• ˆ‘” ”‡†—…‡†

…‘•—’–‹‘ǡƒ†’”‘‘–‡•–Š‡”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ”‡•‘—”…‡•Ǥ–Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†ǡ

ƒ•–‘”›™‹ŽŽ„‡Œ—†‰‡†‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡Ž›‘”‘’’‘•‡†‹ˆ–Š‡‹••—‡•ƒ”‡‡š’Ž‘‹–‹‰Š—ƒ

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

”‡•‘—”…‡•‘”–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ’”‘‘–‹‰‹Œ—•–‹…‡‹–Š‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ

”‡•‘—”…‡•ǡ‘”’”‘‘–‹‰‡š–”‹•‹…˜ƒŽ—‡••—…Šƒ•’”‘ˆ‹–ƒš‹‹œƒ–‹‘‘”•–ƒ–—•

‡Šƒ…‡‡––Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡ƒ……——Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘’‡”–›ǤŠ‡ƒ‹‘ˆ–Š‹•‡…‘•‘’Š›

‹•–‘…‘–”‹„—–‡–‘”ƒ‹•‹‰ƒ™ƒ”‡‡••–ƒ†…‘—–‡”‹‰‡…‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽŽ›†‡•–”—…–‹˜‡

•–‘”‹‡•ǡ ƒ† ’”‘‘–‹‰ –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ –Šƒ– –‡ŽŽ• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •–‘”‹‡• ƒ†

encourages people to protect the living systems on which humans depend”.

…–‹‘•–‘•ƒ˜‡–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ”‡ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ›’ƒ”–‘ˆ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•–‡ƒ…Š‹‰•ǡ

ƒ• ‡š’Žƒ‹‡† „› —†‘ˆ‹” ȋʹͲͲͻǣ ͳͷͶǦͳͷͷȌǡ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ™Š‹…Š Šƒ• „‡…‘‡

…‘‘ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ‘‰ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†̵• …‹˜‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘—‹–› —•– „‡

‹’Ž‡‡–‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆŒ‘‹–ƒ…–‹‘•–‘‘˜‡”…‘‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ…”‹•‡•Ǥ

ƒ††‹–‹‘ǡ‡…‘–Š‡‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†‡…‘•‘’Š›„ƒ•‡•™Š‹…Šƒ”‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡‘”ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•‘ˆ

Šƒ”‹̵ƒŠ ‡‡† –‘ „‡ ƒ†‡ ‡š’Ž‹…‹– ‹ –Š‡ …‘–‡š–• ‘ˆ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ

…‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘Ǥ

CRITICAL ECOLINGUISTICS

”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•‡šƒ‹‡•˜ƒ”‹‘—•ˆ‘”•‘ˆ†‹•…‘—”•‡™‹–Šƒˆ‘…—•

‘ ‹ŽŽ̵• ȋʹͲͲͳǣ͹͵Ȍ ‡…‘Ǧ…”‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ™Š‹…Š ‡šƒ‹‡• †‹•…‘—”•‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽŽ›Ǣ

ƒ‡Ž›–‘Ž‘‘ƒ––Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ–‡”‹‘Ž‘‰›ǡ–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‡–ƒ’Š‘”•

ƒ†‡—’Š‡‹••ǡƒ†–‘•Š‘™–Š‡‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘…‡’–•…‘–ƒ‹‡†‹

–Š‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‘ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ –‘’‹…• ƒ† ‡…‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ‹••—‡•Ǥ —ŠŽŠƒ—•Ž‡”

ȋͳͻͻ͸ǣ͵Ȍ•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ˆ‘—”–Š‹‰•–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡

Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ƒ†–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡƒ‡Ž›ǣȋͳȌŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹•ˆ”‡‡ƒ†ˆ—ŽŽ‘ˆ‡ƒ‹‰Ǣ ȋʹȌŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ™ƒ• …”‡ƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†Ǣ ȋ͵Ȍ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‹• …”‡ƒ–‡† „› Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡

ȋ•–”—…–—”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ†’‘•–Ǧ•–”—…–—”ƒŽ‹•–˜‹‡™•ȌǢȋͶȌŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹•‹–‡”…‘‡…–‡†™‹–Š

–Š‡™‘”Ž†Ǥ

—‹ƒ™ƒȋʹͲͳ͹ȌƒŽ•‘‡š’Žƒ‹•–Šƒ–…”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•ƒ•ƒ•–—†›–Šƒ–

‹•”‹…Š‹‡ƒ‹‰ƒ†˜ƒŽ—‡Ǧˆ”‡‡…ƒ‘ˆˆ‡”ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•ˆ‘”•‘Ž˜‹‰˜ƒ”‹‘—•Š—ƒǡ

•‘…‹‡–ƒŽǡ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ’”‘„Ž‡•Ǥ ‘” –Š‹• ”‡ƒ•‘ǡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…• ƒ• ƒ …‘–‹—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹… •–—†‹‡• ƒ† …”‹–‹…ƒŽ Ž‹‰—‹•–‹… •–—†‹‡• †‡•‡”˜‡•

•’ƒ…‡‹–Š‡…‘–‡š–‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ‹••—‡•Ǥ—†‰‹‰ˆ”‘–Š‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ

–Š‡ ƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰ ‡š– ™”‹––‡ „› ‡ƒ• ˆˆ‡†›ǡ –Š‡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…

…‘…‡’– ‘ˆ –‹„„‡ ȋʹͲͳͷȌ Š‡ –‘”‹‡• ‡ ‹˜‡ › ‹• ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‹–

…‘–ƒ‹•–Š‡Š‹•–‘”›ƒ†•–‘”‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ†˜‹…‡ˆ‘”–Š‡›‘—‰‡”

‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—–Š—ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•™‹–Š‘†ǡŠ—ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•™‹–Šƒ–—”‡ƒ†

Š—ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•™‹–Š‘–Š‡”Š—ƒ•Ǥ LOCAL WISDOM

‹ƒ— ƒŽƒ› –‡š–• …‘–ƒ‹ Ž‘…ƒŽ ™‹•†‘ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ‹ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ

’”‘–‡…–‹‘•‘–Šƒ––Š‡›…ƒ„‡—•‡†ˆ”‘‘‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡‡š–ǤŠ‹•‹•‹

Ž‹‡ ™‹–Š ‹„ƒ”ƒ‹̵• ‘’‹‹‘ ȋʹͲͳ͵Ȍ –Šƒ– ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‘ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ

ƒ†…—Ž–—”‡ƒŽ•‘‡šƒ‹‡•–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ”‡˜‹–ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ†’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘–‘ˆ‹†

’ƒ––‡”• ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ ‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡ǡ ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǡ

ƒ†—–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ–”ƒ†‹–‹‘•ƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘‹‘”†‡”–‘’”‡’ƒ”‡–Š‡

›‘—‰‡”‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ‘”‡’‡ƒ…‡ˆ—Žƒ†’”‘•’‡”‘—•ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ

”‡•‘—”…‡•‘”–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ’”‘‘–‹‰‹Œ—•–‹…‡‹–Š‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ

”‡•‘—”…‡•ǡ‘”’”‘‘–‹‰‡š–”‹•‹…˜ƒŽ—‡••—…Šƒ•’”‘ˆ‹–ƒš‹‹œƒ–‹‘‘”•–ƒ–—•

‡Šƒ…‡‡––Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡ƒ……——Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘’‡”–›ǤŠ‡ƒ‹‘ˆ–Š‹•‡…‘•‘’Š›

‹•–‘…‘–”‹„—–‡–‘”ƒ‹•‹‰ƒ™ƒ”‡‡••–ƒ†…‘—–‡”‹‰‡…‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽŽ›†‡•–”—…–‹˜‡

•–‘”‹‡•ǡ ƒ† ’”‘‘–‹‰ –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ –Šƒ– –‡ŽŽ• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •–‘”‹‡• ƒ†

encourages people to protect the living systems on which humans depend”.

…–‹‘•–‘•ƒ˜‡–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ”‡ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ›’ƒ”–‘ˆ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•–‡ƒ…Š‹‰•ǡ

ƒ• ‡š’Žƒ‹‡† „› —†‘ˆ‹” ȋʹͲͲͻǣ ͳͷͶǦͳͷͷȌǡ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ™Š‹…Š Šƒ• „‡…‘‡

…‘‘ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ‘‰ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†̵• …‹˜‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘—‹–› —•– „‡

‹’Ž‡‡–‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆŒ‘‹–ƒ…–‹‘•–‘‘˜‡”…‘‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ…”‹•‡•Ǥ

ƒ††‹–‹‘ǡ‡…‘–Š‡‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†‡…‘•‘’Š›„ƒ•‡•™Š‹…Šƒ”‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡‘”ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•‘ˆ

Šƒ”‹̵ƒŠ ‡‡† –‘ „‡ ƒ†‡ ‡š’Ž‹…‹– ‹ –Š‡ …‘–‡š–• ‘ˆ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ

…‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘Ǥ

CRITICAL ECOLINGUISTICS

”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•‡šƒ‹‡•˜ƒ”‹‘—•ˆ‘”•‘ˆ†‹•…‘—”•‡™‹–Šƒˆ‘…—•

‘ ‹ŽŽ̵• ȋʹͲͲͳǣ͹͵Ȍ ‡…‘Ǧ…”‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ™Š‹…Š ‡šƒ‹‡• †‹•…‘—”•‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽŽ›Ǣ

ƒ‡Ž›–‘Ž‘‘ƒ––Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ–‡”‹‘Ž‘‰›ǡ–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‡–ƒ’Š‘”•

ƒ†‡—’Š‡‹••ǡƒ†–‘•Š‘™–Š‡‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘…‡’–•…‘–ƒ‹‡†‹

–Š‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‘ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ –‘’‹…• ƒ† ‡…‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ‹••—‡•Ǥ —ŠŽŠƒ—•Ž‡”

ȋͳͻͻ͸ǣ͵Ȍ•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ˆ‘—”–Š‹‰•–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡

Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ƒ†–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡƒ‡Ž›ǣȋͳȌŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹•ˆ”‡‡ƒ†ˆ—ŽŽ‘ˆ‡ƒ‹‰Ǣ ȋʹȌ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ™ƒ• …”‡ƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†Ǣ ȋ͵Ȍ–Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‹• …”‡ƒ–‡† „› Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡

ȋ•–”—…–—”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ†’‘•–Ǧ•–”—…–—”ƒŽ‹•–˜‹‡™•ȌǢȋͶȌŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹•‹–‡”…‘‡…–‡†™‹–Š

–Š‡™‘”Ž†Ǥ

—‹ƒ™ƒȋʹͲͳ͹ȌƒŽ•‘‡š’Žƒ‹•–Šƒ–…”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•ƒ•ƒ•–—†›–Šƒ–

‹•”‹…Š‹‡ƒ‹‰ƒ†˜ƒŽ—‡Ǧˆ”‡‡…ƒ‘ˆˆ‡”ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•ˆ‘”•‘Ž˜‹‰˜ƒ”‹‘—•Š—ƒǡ

•‘…‹‡–ƒŽǡ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ’”‘„Ž‡•Ǥ ‘” –Š‹• ”‡ƒ•‘ǡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…• ƒ• ƒ …‘–‹—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹… •–—†‹‡• ƒ† …”‹–‹…ƒŽ Ž‹‰—‹•–‹… •–—†‹‡• †‡•‡”˜‡•

•’ƒ…‡‹–Š‡…‘–‡š–‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ‹••—‡•Ǥ—†‰‹‰ˆ”‘–Š‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ

–Š‡ ƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰ ‡š– ™”‹––‡ „› ‡ƒ• ˆˆ‡†›ǡ –Š‡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…

…‘…‡’– ‘ˆ –‹„„‡ ȋʹͲͳͷȌ Š‡ –‘”‹‡• ‡ ‹˜‡ › ‹• ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‹–

…‘–ƒ‹•–Š‡Š‹•–‘”›ƒ†•–‘”‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ†˜‹…‡ˆ‘”–Š‡›‘—‰‡”

‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—–Š—ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•™‹–Š‘†ǡŠ—ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•™‹–Šƒ–—”‡ƒ†

Š—ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•™‹–Š‘–Š‡”Š—ƒ•Ǥ LOCAL WISDOM

‹ƒ— ƒŽƒ› –‡š–• …‘–ƒ‹ Ž‘…ƒŽ ™‹•†‘ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ‹ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ

’”‘–‡…–‹‘•‘–Šƒ––Š‡›…ƒ„‡—•‡†ˆ”‘‘‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡‡š–ǤŠ‹•‹•‹

Ž‹‡ ™‹–Š ‹„ƒ”ƒ‹̵• ‘’‹‹‘ ȋʹͲͳ͵Ȍ –Šƒ– ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‘ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ

ƒ†…—Ž–—”‡ƒŽ•‘‡šƒ‹‡•–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ”‡˜‹–ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ†’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘–‘ˆ‹†

’ƒ––‡”• ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ ‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡ǡ ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǡ

ƒ†—–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ–”ƒ†‹–‹‘•ƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘‹‘”†‡”–‘’”‡’ƒ”‡–Š‡

›‘—‰‡”‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ‘”‡’‡ƒ…‡ˆ—Žƒ†’”‘•’‡”‘—•ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ

Š‡ ƒŽƒ›• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ‰‘‘† •‘…‹‘Ǧ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ ˆ—…–‹‘ –‘ ƒƒ‰‡ –Š‡

‡˜‹”‘‡–‹Šƒ”‘›Ǥ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›…—Ž–—”ƒŽ•›•–‡ǡ‹–…ƒ„‡•‡‡…Ž‡ƒ”Ž›

Š‘™…—Ž–—”ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•’”‘˜‹†‡‰—‹†ƒ…‡ƒ††‹”‡…–‹‘•‘–Šƒ––Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–‹•

’”‡•‡”˜‡†Ǥ˜‡”›–Š‹‰‹•…‘–ƒ‹‡†‹˜ƒ”‹‘—•ƒ•’‡…–•‘ˆ…—Ž–—”‡ǡ„‘–Š˜‡”„ƒŽŽ›

ƒ†‹”‡ƒŽƒ…–‹‘•ȋŠƒ”‹ǡʹͲͳͶȌǤ

‘…ƒŽ ™‹•†‘ ƒ– –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ •…‹‡…‡ ‹• ‹ –Š”‡‡ †‘ƒ‹•ǣ ˆƒ…–•ǡ

‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ǡ ƒ† ˜ƒŽ—‡•Ǥ Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ‘ˆ ˆƒ…–• ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ ƒ–—”‡ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ƒ

ƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽǦ‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ •…‹‡…‡Ǥ Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ‘ˆ •‡ŽˆǦ”‡Ž‹ƒ…‡ ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ‘ˆ

ƒƒ•ƒ’‡”•‘Ȁ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽǤŠ‡˜ƒŽ—‡†‘ƒ‹”‡ˆ‡”•–‘ƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒ”‡ƒǡƒ‡Ž›

•‘…‹‡–›ȋ‘‡•’‘™ƒ”†‘Œ‘ƬŽ‡šƒ†‡”ǡͳͻͺ͸ȌǤ MALAY TEACHINGS

Š‡‹ƒ—ƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰—‹†‡™”‹––‡„›‡ƒ•ˆˆ‡†‹‹•ƒ˜‡”›”‹…Š

„‘‘™‹–Š…—Ž–—”ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•ǤŠ‹•„‘‘…‘–ƒ‹•ƒ†˜‹…‡ˆ”‘–Š‡–”—•–‘ˆ–‡ƒ…Š‡”•

–‘ •–—†‡–•ǡ ’ƒ”‡–• –‘ …Š‹Ž†”‡ǡ Š‘—•‡Š‘Ž† Ž‹ˆ‡ǡ ƒ†˜‹…‡ ˆ”‘ ƒƒŠ –Šƒ– ‹•

‰‡‡”ƒŽ ‹ ƒ–—”‡ǡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‰ ƒ† †‡ˆ‡†‹‰ …Š‹Ž†”‡ǡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •‘Ž‹†ƒ”‹–›ǡ –Š‡

ƒ†ƒ–‡ –‘ „—‹Ž† ƒ ’”‘•’‡”‘—• Š‘—•‡Š‘Ž† ƒ† ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’ ƒ† ƒ†˜‹…‡

ˆ”‘ƒƒŠ‹–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ

‡ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ –‡ƒ…Š‹‰ ‹ ƒŽƒ› ‹• ƒ†˜‹…‡ ƒ† –”—•– ™Š‹…Š ‹• —•—ƒŽŽ›

…‘˜‡›‡††‹”‡…–Ž›„›–Š‡’‡”•‘™Š‘‰‹˜‡•‹––‘‘–Š‡”•ǤŠ‡’ƒ”‡–••ƒ‹†–Šƒ–

ƒƒŠ̵•ƒ†˜‹…‡‹•—•—ƒŽŽ›†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†„›‹–•ƒ‡ǡˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ–Š‡ƒ†˜‹…‡‘ˆ

ƒ–‡ƒ…Š‡”̵•–”—•–™‘”–Š‹‡••–‘Š‹••–—†‡–•ǡ–Š‡ƒ†˜‹…‡‘ˆƒ’ƒ”‡–̵•–”—•––‘Š‹•

…Š‹Ž†ǡƒ†•‘‘ǤŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡…‡”–ƒ‹ƒ‡•ǡ–Š‡…‘–‡–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒƒŠ̵•

ƒ†˜‹…‡ ‹• ‘– –‘‘ —…Š †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ǡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ƒŽŽ •–‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ •‘—”…‡ ‘ˆ

˜ƒŽ—‡•ǡ ƒ‡Ž› ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• ˜ƒŽ—‡•ǡ …—•–‘•ǡ ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘”• ‘ˆ •‘…‹‡–› ™Š‹…Š …‘–ƒ‹’”‘…‡†—”‡•ˆ‘”„‡‹‰’‘Ž‹–‡–‘‘–Š‡”•Ǥ’‡‡”•ƒ†’ƒ”‡–•ȋˆˆ‡†›ǡʹͲͲͶǣ ͳȌǤ ‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž›̵• ƒ†˜‹…‡ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– …‘–ƒ‹•

‡š’”‡••‹‘• –Šƒ– •Š‘™ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ƒŽƒ›• ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ

•—””‘—†‹‰•ǡ ƒ–—”‡ ‹• ƒ •‘—”…‡ ‘ˆ Ž‹˜‡Ž‹Š‘‘† ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ƒ •‘—”…‡ ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ

‡Ž‡‡–•Ǥ Š‡ –”—–Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘–‡–• ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‡š’”‡••‹‘ …ƒ …Ž‡ƒ”Ž› „‡ •‡‡ ‹

–Š‡‹” †ƒ‹Ž› Ž‹˜‡•Ǥ ”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ ˆ‘” ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘• Ž‹˜‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ”‹‡

’”‘†—…–•ƒ†ˆ‘”‡•–’”‘†—…–•‘”…—Ž–‹˜ƒ–‡–Š‡Žƒ†Ǥ ‘”‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•–Š‡›Šƒ˜‡

—•‡†ˆ‘”‡•–’”‘†—…–•ˆ‘”˜ƒ”‹‘—•’—”’‘•‡•ǡ•—…Šƒ•ƒ‹‰–‘‘Ž•ƒ†‡“—‹’‡–

ˆ‘” –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ …‡”‡‘‹‡•ǡ „—‹Ž†‹‰ „—‹Ž†‹‰•ǡ ƒ‹‰

Š‘—•‡Š‘Ž† –‘‘Ž• ƒ† ‡“—‹’‡–ǡ ˆ‹•Š‹‰ –‘‘Ž• ƒ† ‡“—‹’‡–ǡ Š—–‹‰ –‘‘Ž•ǡ

ˆƒ”‹‰–‘‘Ž•ǡƒ†•‘‘ǡ‹…Ž—†‹‰–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹…‹ƒŽ‹‰”‡†‹‡–•ȋˆˆ‡†›ǡ ʹͲͲͶǣʹ͸ͳǦʹ͸ʹȌǤ

METHOD

Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ’’Ž‹‡†ƒ“—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡‡–Š‘†ǤŠ‹•‡–Š‘†‹•—•‡†–‘…‘ŽŽ‡…–

ƒ† †‡•…”‹„‡ †ƒ–ƒ •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›Ǥ ƒ–ƒ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘ ‡–Š‘† —•‡† ™ƒ•

†‘…—‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‡–Š‘† ȋ—†ƒ”›ƒ–‘ǡ ʹͲͳͷȌ –Šƒ– •‘—”…‡† ˆ”‘Tunjuk Ajar Melayu …‘’‹Ž‡†„›‡ƒ•ˆˆ‡†›ȋʹͲͲͶȌǤŠ‡†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ”‡‹–Š‡

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

ˆ‘”‘ˆŽ‡š‹…‘•ǡ…Žƒ—•‡•ƒ†•–ƒœƒ•‹—Œ—Œƒ”‡Žƒ›—™Š‹…Šƒ”‡”‡Žƒ–‡†

–‘ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ ‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡ ’”‘…‡••ǡ ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡ

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǡƒ†—–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ–”ƒ†‹–‹‘•ƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘‹‘”†‡”–‘

’”‡’ƒ”‡–Š‡›‘—‰‡”‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–‹•‘”‡’‡ƒ…‡ˆ—Žƒ†‘”‡’”‘•’‡”‘—•‹

–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ

ƒƒŽ›œ‹‰†ƒ–ƒǡ–Š‹••–—†›—•‡†‘–‡Ǧ–ƒ‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡‘”ˆ”‡‡Ǧ–‘Ǧ•’‡ƒ

…‘’‡–‡–Ž‹•–‡‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡Ǥ–Š‹•…ƒ•‡ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”‘Ž›Ž‹•–‡‡†„—–‹•

‘– ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ •–‘”›Ǥ Š‡ ‡š–ǡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” …ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ› ”‡ƒ†• ƒ† ‘–‡• –Š‡

‡…‘•‘’Š›”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘‡˜‹”‘‡–ˆ‘—†‹–Š‡–‡š–•‘ˆ—Œ—Œƒ”‡Žƒ›—ǤŠ‡

†ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• –‡…Š‹“—‡ —•‡† ‹ –Š‹• •–—†› ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‹Ž‡•ǡ

—„‡”ƒǡƒ†ƒŽ†ƒƒȋʹͲͳͶǣͳ͸ǦʹͲȌǡ™Š‹…Š‹•ƒ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹˜‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘†‡Ž

—•‹‰ –Š”‡‡ •–‡’•ǡ ƒ‡Ž› †ƒ–ƒ ”‡†—…–‹‘ǡ †ƒ–ƒ ’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒ†

…‘…Ž—†‹‰Ȁ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‡† †ƒ–ƒ ™‡”‡ ƒƒŽ›œ‡† —•‹‰ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ

‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•’”‘’‘•‡†„›””ƒ–‹„„‡ȋʹͲͳͷȌǡƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘…‘…‡’–„›

‹„ƒ”ƒ‹ȋʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Š‡†‹•…—••‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ •–‡™ƒ”†•Š‹’‹ ƒŽƒ›

‡ƒ…Š‹‰•‹•„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–•‘ˆƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡ǡ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡƒ†

—–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ …‘…‡’– —•‡• –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ƒ† ‡…‘Ž‘‰› „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡

ƒŽƒ›• Ž‹˜‡ ƒ† …Š‘‘•‡ –‘ „—‹Ž† ƒ …‘—–”› …Ž‘•‡ –‘ ƒ–—”‡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ”‹…Š ‹

ƒ–—”ƒŽ”‡•‘—”…‡•Ǥ ”‘–‹‡‹‡‘”‹ƒŽǡ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•Šƒ˜‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•

…Ž‘•‡–‘–Š‡•‡ƒǡ”‹˜‡”•ƒ†Žƒ‡•Ǥƒ–—”ƒŽ”‡•‘—”…‡•ƒ”‡ƒ„—†ƒ–ǡƒ†–Š‡›ƒ”‡

˜‡”› †‡’‡†‡– ‘ ƒ–—”‡Ǥ ƒŽƒ› ‡Ž†‡”• ”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ ™‡ƒŽ–Š –Š‡›

Šƒ˜‡ •Š‘—Ž† ‘– „‡ †‡•–”‘›‡† „—– —•– „‡ ’”‘–‡…–‡†ǡ …ƒ”‡† ˆ‘”ǡ —–‹Ž‹œ‡† ƒ†

‹Š‡”‹–‡†ǤŠ‹•‹•‡˜‹†‡–ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ›ƒŽƒ›ƒ†˜‹…‡•ǡ‘‡‘ˆ™Š‹…Š‹•Tunjuk Ajar MelayuǤ

‡ƒŽ‹œ‹‰–Š‡…Ž‘•‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡Š—ƒŽ‹ˆ‡ƒ†ƒ–—”‡ǡ…ƒ—•‹‰

–Š‡ ƒŽƒ›• –‘ –”› –‘ ƒ‹–ƒ‹ ƒ† ƒ‹–ƒ‹ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† „ƒŽƒ…‡ ‘ˆ

–Š‡‹” ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ ‹ –Š‡ …—•–‘• •‡– ̶ƒ„•–‹‡…‡̶ ”‡Žƒ–‹‰ –‘ –Š‡

ƒ‹–‡ƒ…‡ ƒ† —•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹‰ ˆ”‘ ˆ‘”‡•–•ǡ Žƒ†ǡ •‡ƒ ƒ† •–”ƒ‹–•ǡ

–‘‘‰ƒ†‹•Žƒ†•ǡƒ•›Ž—•ƒ†”‹˜‡”•ǡŽƒ‡•ƒ†Žƒ‡•ǡ–‘ƒ”‡ƒ•–Šƒ–„‡…‘‡

Š‘‡–‘™•ǡŠƒŽ‡–•ǡˆ‹‡Ž†•ǡ‰ƒ”†‡•ǡƒ†•‘‘ȋˆˆ‡†›ǡʹͲͲͶǣʹ͸ʹȌǤ Nature Protection, Management and Heritage

‡••ƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ ƒ–—”‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ†‡ „› ƒŽƒ› ‡Ž†‡”• ˆ‘” ˆ—–—”‡

‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•‹–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘•ǤŠ‡›‹Š‡”‹––Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–

™‹–ŠƒŽŽ–Š‡•‘—”…‡•‘ˆ™‡ƒŽ–Š‹‹––‘„‡’”‘–‡…–‡†ǤŠ‡—•‡‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘•‹•–Š‡

™‹•†‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•‹•’‡ƒ‹‰ǡ–Š‡›…‘˜‡›‡••ƒ‰‡•’‘Ž‹–‡Ž›„—–Š‹–ƒ†

–Š‡’‡”•‘™Š‘”‡…‡‹˜‡•–Š‡‡••ƒ‰‡†‘‡•‘–‘„Œ‡…–‘”ˆ‡‡Ž„ƒ†ǤŠ‡‡••ƒ‰‡•

‘ˆ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ƒ–—”‡ƒ”‘—†—•…ƒ„‡‘„•‡”˜‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰•–ƒœƒ•ǣ apa tanda hidup menenggang,

™Šƒ–‹•–Š‡•‹‰‘ˆ–‘Ž‡”ƒ–‹‰Ž‹ˆ‡ǡ

ˆ‘”‘ˆŽ‡š‹…‘•ǡ…Žƒ—•‡•ƒ†•–ƒœƒ•‹—Œ—Œƒ”‡Žƒ›—™Š‹…Šƒ”‡”‡Žƒ–‡†

–‘ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ ‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡ ’”‘…‡••ǡ ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡ

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǡƒ†—–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ–”ƒ†‹–‹‘•ƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘‹‘”†‡”–‘

’”‡’ƒ”‡–Š‡›‘—‰‡”‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–‹•‘”‡’‡ƒ…‡ˆ—Žƒ†‘”‡’”‘•’‡”‘—•‹

–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ

ƒƒŽ›œ‹‰†ƒ–ƒǡ–Š‹••–—†›—•‡†‘–‡Ǧ–ƒ‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡‘”ˆ”‡‡Ǧ–‘Ǧ•’‡ƒ

…‘’‡–‡–Ž‹•–‡‹‰–‡…Š‹“—‡Ǥ–Š‹•…ƒ•‡ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”‘Ž›Ž‹•–‡‡†„—–‹•

‘– ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ •–‘”›Ǥ Š‡ ‡š–ǡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” …ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ› ”‡ƒ†• ƒ† ‘–‡• –Š‡

‡…‘•‘’Š›”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘‡˜‹”‘‡–ˆ‘—†‹–Š‡–‡š–•‘ˆ—Œ—Œƒ”‡Žƒ›—ǤŠ‡

†ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• –‡…Š‹“—‡ —•‡† ‹ –Š‹• •–—†› ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‹Ž‡•ǡ

—„‡”ƒǡƒ†ƒŽ†ƒƒȋʹͲͳͶǣͳ͸ǦʹͲȌǡ™Š‹…Š‹•ƒ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹˜‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘†‡Ž

—•‹‰ –Š”‡‡ •–‡’•ǡ ƒ‡Ž› †ƒ–ƒ ”‡†—…–‹‘ǡ †ƒ–ƒ ’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒ†

…‘…Ž—†‹‰Ȁ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‡† †ƒ–ƒ ™‡”‡ ƒƒŽ›œ‡† —•‹‰ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ

‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•’”‘’‘•‡†„›””ƒ–‹„„‡ȋʹͲͳͷȌǡƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘…‘…‡’–„›

‹„ƒ”ƒ‹ȋʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Š‡†‹•…—••‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ •–‡™ƒ”†•Š‹’‹ ƒŽƒ›

‡ƒ…Š‹‰•‹•„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–•‘ˆƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡ǡ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡƒ†

—–‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ …‘…‡’– —•‡• –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ƒ† ‡…‘Ž‘‰› „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡

ƒŽƒ›• Ž‹˜‡ ƒ† …Š‘‘•‡ –‘ „—‹Ž† ƒ …‘—–”› …Ž‘•‡ –‘ ƒ–—”‡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ”‹…Š ‹

ƒ–—”ƒŽ”‡•‘—”…‡•Ǥ ”‘–‹‡‹‡‘”‹ƒŽǡ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•Šƒ˜‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•

…Ž‘•‡–‘–Š‡•‡ƒǡ”‹˜‡”•ƒ†Žƒ‡•Ǥƒ–—”ƒŽ”‡•‘—”…‡•ƒ”‡ƒ„—†ƒ–ǡƒ†–Š‡›ƒ”‡

˜‡”› †‡’‡†‡– ‘ ƒ–—”‡Ǥ ƒŽƒ› ‡Ž†‡”• ”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ ™‡ƒŽ–Š –Š‡›

Šƒ˜‡ •Š‘—Ž† ‘– „‡ †‡•–”‘›‡† „—– —•– „‡ ’”‘–‡…–‡†ǡ …ƒ”‡† ˆ‘”ǡ —–‹Ž‹œ‡† ƒ†

‹Š‡”‹–‡†ǤŠ‹•‹•‡˜‹†‡–ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ›ƒŽƒ›ƒ†˜‹…‡•ǡ‘‡‘ˆ™Š‹…Š‹•Tunjuk Ajar MelayuǤ

‡ƒŽ‹œ‹‰–Š‡…Ž‘•‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡Š—ƒŽ‹ˆ‡ƒ†ƒ–—”‡ǡ…ƒ—•‹‰

–Š‡ ƒŽƒ›• –‘ –”› –‘ ƒ‹–ƒ‹ ƒ† ƒ‹–ƒ‹ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† „ƒŽƒ…‡ ‘ˆ

–Š‡‹” ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ ‹ –Š‡ …—•–‘• •‡– ̶ƒ„•–‹‡…‡̶ ”‡Žƒ–‹‰ –‘ –Š‡

ƒ‹–‡ƒ…‡ ƒ† —•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‡ǡ ”ƒ‰‹‰ ˆ”‘ ˆ‘”‡•–•ǡ Žƒ†ǡ •‡ƒ ƒ† •–”ƒ‹–•ǡ

–‘‘‰ƒ†‹•Žƒ†•ǡƒ•›Ž—•ƒ†”‹˜‡”•ǡŽƒ‡•ƒ†Žƒ‡•ǡ–‘ƒ”‡ƒ•–Šƒ–„‡…‘‡

Š‘‡–‘™•ǡŠƒŽ‡–•ǡˆ‹‡Ž†•ǡ‰ƒ”†‡•ǡƒ†•‘‘ȋˆˆ‡†›ǡʹͲͲͶǣʹ͸ʹȌǤ Nature Protection, Management and Heritage

‡••ƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ ƒ–—”‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ†‡ „› ƒŽƒ› ‡Ž†‡”• ˆ‘” ˆ—–—”‡

‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•‹–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘•ǤŠ‡›‹Š‡”‹––Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–

™‹–ŠƒŽŽ–Š‡•‘—”…‡•‘ˆ™‡ƒŽ–Š‹‹––‘„‡’”‘–‡…–‡†ǤŠ‡—•‡‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘•‹•–Š‡

™‹•†‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•‹•’‡ƒ‹‰ǡ–Š‡›…‘˜‡›‡••ƒ‰‡•’‘Ž‹–‡Ž›„—–Š‹–ƒ†

–Š‡’‡”•‘™Š‘”‡…‡‹˜‡•–Š‡‡••ƒ‰‡†‘‡•‘–‘„Œ‡…–‘”ˆ‡‡Ž„ƒ†ǤŠ‡‡••ƒ‰‡•

‘ˆ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ƒ–—”‡ƒ”‘—†—•…ƒ„‡‘„•‡”˜‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰•–ƒœƒ•ǣ apa tanda hidup menenggang,

™Šƒ–‹•–Š‡•‹‰‘ˆ–‘Ž‡”ƒ–‹‰Ž‹ˆ‡ǡ

menjaga alam mengikut undang

’”‘–‡…–ƒ–—”‡„›Žƒ™

Š‡ ƒŽƒ›• ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡‹” ‘™ ”—Ž‡• ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ’”‘–‡…– –Š‡

‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ Š‡•‡ ”—Ž‡• ƒ”‡ ‹ ‘”ƒŽ ‘” —™”‹––‡ ˆ‘” „—– ƒ”‡ ‘„‡›‡† ƒ†

…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–„›–Š‡™Š‘Ž‡…‘—‹–›ǤŠ‡‡š’”‡••‹‘–Šƒ–’”‘–‡…–‹‰ˆ‘”‡•–•ƒ†

Žƒ†‹•ƒƒ†ƒ–‡–Šƒ–—•–„‡…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–…ƒ„‡•‡‡‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰“—‘–‡Ǣ (1) Tanda orang memegang amanah,

‹‰•‘ˆ’‡‘’Ž‡Š‘Ž†‹‰–Š‡–”—•–ǡ Pantang merusak hutan dan tanah,

‘‘–†‡•–”‘›–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–ƒ†Žƒ†ǡ Kalau binasa hutan yang lebat,

ˆ–Š‡†‡•‡ˆ‘”‡•–’‡”‹•Š‡•ǡ Rusak Lembaga hilanglah adat ”‘‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ǡŽ‘•–…—•–‘•

Tanda orang berpikir panjang,

‹‰•–Šƒ–’‡‘’Ž‡–Š‹™‹•‡Ž›

Merusak alam ia berpantang.

‡•–”‘›‹‰ƒ–—”‡Š‡ƒ„•–ƒ‹•Ǥ Tanda orang berbudi pekerti,

Š‡•‹‰‘ˆƒ˜‹”–—‘—•’‡”•‘, Merusak alam ia jauhi.”

‡•–”‘›‹‰ƒ–—”‡Š‡•–ƒ›•ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘Ǥ̶

Tanda orang berakal budi,

‹‰‘ˆƒ™‹•‡ƒǡ Merusak hutan ia tak sudi

‡•–”‘›‹‰–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–Š‡†‘‡•̵–™ƒ––‘

Š‡•‡’‘‹–•ƒ”‡‹–Š‡ˆ‘”‘ˆƒ†˜‹…‡”‡‹†‹‰ƒŽŽ’‡‘’Ž‡Ž‹˜‹‰‹–Š‡

ƒŽƒ›™‘”Ž†‘––‘†ƒƒ‰‡–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ˜‡”›‘‡Šƒ•–Š‡ƒ†ƒ–‡–‘’ƒ••

‘ƒ–—”ƒŽ™‡ƒŽ–Š–‘ˆ—–—”‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•ǤŠ‡•‘‡‘‡‹•…ƒŽŽ‡†ƒ–”—•–ǡ–Š‡

Pantang merusak hutan dan tanahǤ‘Do not destroy the forest and land’.

Š‡’Š”ƒ•‡‹•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„›Kalau binasa hutan yang lebat, Rusak Lembaga hilanglah adatǤ‘If the dense forest perishes’, ‘Broken institutions, lost customs’.

Š‡ —Žƒ›ƒ– Žƒ†•ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹…Ž—†‡ ˆ‘”‡•–•ǡ ”‹˜‡”• ƒ† Žƒ‡•ǡ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ –Š‡

”‡•‹†‡…‡• ƒ† ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽƒ›• ˆ‘” …‡–—”‹‡•Ǥ Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹•

—Žƒ›ƒ–Žƒ†‹•…Ž‘•‡Ž›”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡ƒŽƒ›Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’•–”—…–—”‡ǡˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡–Š‡

†ƒ–—ǡ„‘‘ǡ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Š‡ƒ†ƒ†•‘‘Ǥ‡•‡ˆ‘”‡•–•ƒ”‡–Š‡•‘—”…‡‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡ˆ‘”–Š‡

ƒŽƒ› …‘—‹–›Ǥ ˆ –Š‡ˆ‘”‡•– ‹• †ƒƒ‰‡†ǡ –Š‡‘”†‡” ƒ†•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ ƒŽƒ›

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

•‘…‹‡–›™‹ŽŽƒŽ•‘„‡†ƒƒ‰‡†ǤŠ‡–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–‹•†‡•–”‘›‡†ǡ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›’‡‘’Ž‡

™‹ŽŽ ‘˜‡ ˆ”‘ ’Žƒ…‡ –‘ ’Žƒ…‡ Ž‘‘‹‰ ˆ‘” ƒ ‡™ ’Žƒ…‡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ‘– ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ›

Ž‹˜‹‰ ‹ ƒ ’Žƒ…‡ –Šƒ– •—‹–• –Š‡ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽƒ›•Ǥ Š‡ ƒŽƒ› •‘…‹ƒŽ

•›•–‡™‹ŽŽ…‡”–ƒ‹Ž›…Šƒ‰‡ƒ†ƒŽƒ›…—•–‘•™‹ŽŽ‘Ž‘‰‡”™‘”Ǥ–ƒ›„‡

–Šƒ––Š‡ƒŽƒ›•Šƒ˜‡‹‰Ž‡†™‹–Š‘–Š‡”‡–Š‹…‰”‘—’•ǡ„—––Š‡ˆ—…–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡

–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŠ‡ƒ†ƒ†–Š‡ƒŽƒ›Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’•–”—…–—”‡…ƒ‘Ž‘‰‡”„‡…ƒ””‹‡†

‘—–Ǥ‹‡™‹•‡™‹–Š–Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘Tanda orang berpikir panjang, Merusak alam ia berpantang. ‘Signs that people think wisely’ , ‘Destroying nature he abstains’.

ƒ”‡”•berpikir panjang, ‘think wisely’,Merusak alam ia berpantang

‘destroy nature, and abstain’. This means that you can't or don't destroy nature.

Š‡ ™‘”† berpantang means ‘forbidden’. – …ƒ ƒŽ•‘ „‡ ‹–‡”’”‡–‡† ƒ•

̵ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡Ž›—ƒ……‡’–ƒ„Ž‡—†‡”ƒ›…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•̵Ǥ–Š‡”’Š”ƒ•‡•ƒ”‡—•‡†–‘

‡’Šƒ•‹œ‡ –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ ƒ–—”‡Ǥ – ‹• •ƒ‹† –Šƒ– –Š‡ •‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ

’‡”•‘ ™Š‘ Ž‘˜‡• ƒ† …ƒ”‡• ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‹• ƒ ’‡”•‘ ™Š‘ Ž‘˜‡• ƒ†

…ƒ”‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡––Šƒ–‹•berfikir panjang‘think wisely’, berbudi pekerti

‘polite people’, and berakal budi‘wise’. ŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘•‹†ƒ–ƒͳ…‘–ƒ‹

‡…‘•Š‘’› ƒ†˜‹…‡• ‘ˆ •ƒ˜‹‰ –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ Š‹• ‡…‘•Š‘’› ‹• ‡ƒ‹‰ˆ—Ž

ƒ†˜‹…‡–‘•ƒ˜‡–Š‡ƒ–—”‡Ǥ

ŽŽ‡š’”‡••‹‘•‹†ƒ–ƒȋͳȌ…‘–ƒ‹‡…‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ•ƒ˜‹‰–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ

Š‹•‡…‘•‘’Š›‹•’‘•‹–‹˜‡ǡ‡ƒ‹‰‹–Šƒ•–Š‡’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ–‘•ƒ˜‡–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ

Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ’Š”ƒ•‡• •Š‘™ –Š‡ ‡••ƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ƒŽƒ› ’ƒ”‡–• –‘ ”‡‹†

–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†”‡ ƒ† ‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡ ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ Š‡› ƒ”‡ ˆƒ”Ǧ•‹‰Š–‡†ǡ

‘–‘Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”‘™‹–‡”‡•–•‹–Š‡’ƒ•–™Š‡–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–•ƒ†•‡ƒ•™‡”‡•–‹ŽŽ

”‹…Š™‹–Š˜ƒ”‹‘—•ƒ–—”ƒŽ”‡•‘—”…‡•ƒ†Šƒ†‘–„‡‡’‘ŽŽ—–‡†„—––Š‡ˆ—–—”‡‘ˆ

–Š‡‹”…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡™ƒ•ƒ•‡”‹‘—•…‘…‡”ǤŠ‡›”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡–Šƒ––Š‡

ˆ—–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡‹•–Š‡‹””‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›ǡƒ†–Š”‘—‰Š

–Š‡˜‡”•‡•‹–Š‹•ƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰ǡ™‡ƒŽ•‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Šƒ––Š‡‘Ž†’‡‘’Ž‡‹–Š‡

’ƒ•– ƒŽ•‘ ƒ†˜‹•‡† –Š‡ …—””‡– ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ’ƒ•• ‘ –Š‡•‡ ƒ†˜‹…‡• –‘ ˆ—–—”‡

‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‹• ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘…‡” …ƒ „‡ ‘„•‡”˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰

•–ƒœƒ•Ǣ

(2) Tanda ingat ke anak-cucu,

•‹‰‘ˆ”‡‡„”ƒ…‡–‘…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡ǡ Merusak hutan hatinya malu,

‡•–”‘›‹‰–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–Š‹•Š‡ƒ”–‹•ƒ•Šƒ‡†ǡ Tanda ingat ke hari tua

•‹‰‘ˆ”‡‡„‡”‹‰–Š‡‘Ž††ƒ›•

Laut dijaga bumi di pelihara

Š‡•‡ƒƒ†–Š‡‡ƒ”–Šƒ”‡„‡‹‰’”‘–‡…–‡†

Š‡ ƒŽƒ› ™ƒ› ‘ˆ …‘˜‡›‹‰ ƒ†˜‹…‡ ‹• ˜‡”› ’‘Ž‹–‡ ƒ† •—„–Ž‡ „—– –Š‡

‡ƒ‹‰‹•…‘˜‡›‡†™‡ŽŽǡƒ†’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘Ž‹•–‡–‘‘””‡ƒ†–Š‡‡••ƒ‰‡†‘‘–

ˆ‡‡Ž‘ˆˆ‡†‡†ǡ„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡›—•‡•ƒ–‹”‡ƒ†’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡•ǤŠ‡’Š”ƒ•‡Tanda ingat ke

•‘…‹‡–›™‹ŽŽƒŽ•‘„‡†ƒƒ‰‡†ǤŠ‡–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–‹•†‡•–”‘›‡†ǡ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›’‡‘’Ž‡

™‹ŽŽ ‘˜‡ ˆ”‘ ’Žƒ…‡ –‘ ’Žƒ…‡ Ž‘‘‹‰ ˆ‘” ƒ ‡™ ’Žƒ…‡ ™Š‹…Š ‹• ‘– ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ›

Ž‹˜‹‰ ‹ ƒ ’Žƒ…‡ –Šƒ– •—‹–• –Š‡ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽƒ›•Ǥ Š‡ ƒŽƒ› •‘…‹ƒŽ

•›•–‡™‹ŽŽ…‡”–ƒ‹Ž›…Šƒ‰‡ƒ†ƒŽƒ›…—•–‘•™‹ŽŽ‘Ž‘‰‡”™‘”Ǥ–ƒ›„‡

–Šƒ––Š‡ƒŽƒ›•Šƒ˜‡‹‰Ž‡†™‹–Š‘–Š‡”‡–Š‹…‰”‘—’•ǡ„—––Š‡ˆ—…–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡

–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŠ‡ƒ†ƒ†–Š‡ƒŽƒ›Ž‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’•–”—…–—”‡…ƒ‘Ž‘‰‡”„‡…ƒ””‹‡†

‘—–Ǥ‹‡™‹•‡™‹–Š–Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘Tanda orang berpikir panjang, Merusak alam ia berpantang. ‘Signs that people think wisely’ , ‘Destroying nature he abstains’.

ƒ”‡”•berpikir panjang, ‘think wisely’,Merusak alam ia berpantang

‘destroy nature, and abstain’. This means that you can't or don't destroy nature.

Š‡ ™‘”† berpantang means ‘forbidden’. – …ƒ ƒŽ•‘ „‡ ‹–‡”’”‡–‡† ƒ•

̵ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡Ž›—ƒ……‡’–ƒ„Ž‡—†‡”ƒ›…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•̵Ǥ–Š‡”’Š”ƒ•‡•ƒ”‡—•‡†–‘

‡’Šƒ•‹œ‡ –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ ƒ–—”‡Ǥ – ‹• •ƒ‹† –Šƒ– –Š‡ •‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ

’‡”•‘ ™Š‘ Ž‘˜‡• ƒ† …ƒ”‡• ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‹• ƒ ’‡”•‘ ™Š‘ Ž‘˜‡• ƒ†

…ƒ”‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡––Šƒ–‹•berfikir panjang‘think wisely’, berbudi pekerti

‘polite people’, and berakal budi‘wise’. ŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘•‹†ƒ–ƒͳ…‘–ƒ‹

‡…‘•Š‘’› ƒ†˜‹…‡• ‘ˆ •ƒ˜‹‰ –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ Š‹• ‡…‘•Š‘’› ‹• ‡ƒ‹‰ˆ—Ž

ƒ†˜‹…‡–‘•ƒ˜‡–Š‡ƒ–—”‡Ǥ

ŽŽ‡š’”‡••‹‘•‹†ƒ–ƒȋͳȌ…‘–ƒ‹‡…‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ•ƒ˜‹‰–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ

Š‹•‡…‘•‘’Š›‹•’‘•‹–‹˜‡ǡ‡ƒ‹‰‹–Šƒ•–Š‡’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ–‘•ƒ˜‡–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ

Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ’Š”ƒ•‡• •Š‘™ –Š‡ ‡••ƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ƒŽƒ› ’ƒ”‡–• –‘ ”‡‹†

–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†”‡ ƒ† ‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡ ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ Š‡› ƒ”‡ ˆƒ”Ǧ•‹‰Š–‡†ǡ

‘–‘Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”‘™‹–‡”‡•–•‹–Š‡’ƒ•–™Š‡–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–•ƒ†•‡ƒ•™‡”‡•–‹ŽŽ

”‹…Š™‹–Š˜ƒ”‹‘—•ƒ–—”ƒŽ”‡•‘—”…‡•ƒ†Šƒ†‘–„‡‡’‘ŽŽ—–‡†„—––Š‡ˆ—–—”‡‘ˆ

–Š‡‹”…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡™ƒ•ƒ•‡”‹‘—•…‘…‡”ǤŠ‡›”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡–Šƒ––Š‡

ˆ—–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡‹•–Š‡‹””‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›ǡƒ†–Š”‘—‰Š

–Š‡˜‡”•‡•‹–Š‹•ƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰ǡ™‡ƒŽ•‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Šƒ––Š‡‘Ž†’‡‘’Ž‡‹–Š‡

’ƒ•– ƒŽ•‘ ƒ†˜‹•‡† –Š‡ …—””‡– ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ’ƒ•• ‘ –Š‡•‡ ƒ†˜‹…‡• –‘ ˆ—–—”‡

‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‹• ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘…‡” …ƒ „‡ ‘„•‡”˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰

•–ƒœƒ•Ǣ

(2) Tanda ingat ke anak-cucu,

•‹‰‘ˆ”‡‡„”ƒ…‡–‘…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡ǡ Merusak hutan hatinya malu,

‡•–”‘›‹‰–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•–Š‹•Š‡ƒ”–‹•ƒ•Šƒ‡†ǡ Tanda ingat ke hari tua

•‹‰‘ˆ”‡‡„‡”‹‰–Š‡‘Ž††ƒ›•

Laut dijaga bumi di pelihara

Š‡•‡ƒƒ†–Š‡‡ƒ”–Šƒ”‡„‡‹‰’”‘–‡…–‡†

Š‡ ƒŽƒ› ™ƒ› ‘ˆ …‘˜‡›‹‰ ƒ†˜‹…‡ ‹• ˜‡”› ’‘Ž‹–‡ ƒ† •—„–Ž‡ „—– –Š‡

‡ƒ‹‰‹•…‘˜‡›‡†™‡ŽŽǡƒ†’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘Ž‹•–‡–‘‘””‡ƒ†–Š‡‡••ƒ‰‡†‘‘–

ˆ‡‡Ž‘ˆˆ‡†‡†ǡ„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡›—•‡•ƒ–‹”‡ƒ†’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡•ǤŠ‡’Š”ƒ•‡Tanda ingat ke

anak-cucu, ‘A sign of remembrance to children and grandchildren’, merusak hutan hatinya malu‘‡•–”‘›‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡•– Š‹• Š‡ƒ”– ‹• ƒ•Šƒ‡†’. ˆ –Š‡ ͹ͳ

‡š’”‡••‹‘• …‘–ƒ‹‡† ‹ –Š‡ ͻ–Š ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰•ǡ ƒ‡Ž› –Š‡

‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›™‹–Š–Š‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ʹ͸‡š’”‡••‹‘•–Šƒ–„‡‰‹™‹–Š

tanda ingatsign of ‘remembering’ ‡‡ƒƒ ƒƒ ›ƒ‰ †‹„ƒ™ƒ †ƒŽƒ

—‰ƒ’ƒǦ—‰ƒ’ƒ ›ƒ‰ †‹–—Œ—ƒǤ ‡’Šƒ•‹œ‡ –Š‡‡ƒ‹‰ …ƒ””‹‡† ‹ –Š‡

‡š’”‡••‹‘• •Š‘™Ǥ ‡‘’Ž‡ ™Š‘ ”‡‡„‡” –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†”‡ ƒ† ‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡

™‹ŽŽ •—”‡Ž› Ž‘˜‡ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ ‡˜‡ ƒ•Šƒ‡† „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†”‡ ƒ†

‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡™‹ŽŽˆ‡‡Ž–Š‡‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡‹’ƒ…–‘ˆ–Š‡‹”„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”ǤŽ‹‡™‹–Š–Š‡

‡š’”‡••‹‘Tanda ingat ke hari tua, ‘A sign of remembering the old days’, Laut dijaga bumi di pelihara‘Š‡•‡ƒand the earth are being protected’.

Š‡ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‹• ‹ Šƒ”‘› ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡

ƒŽƒ›•ǡƒ‡Ž›UlayatŽƒ†™Š‹…Š‹…Ž—†‡•ˆ‘”‡•–•ǡ”‹˜‡”•ǡŽƒ‡•ƒ†‘…‡ƒ•Ǥ–

™ƒ• –Š‡”‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒŽƒ› ’‡‘’Ž‡ „—‹Ž– …‹˜‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ Ž‹˜‡†‹ Šƒ”‘›ǡ ƒ†™ƒ•

•ƒˆ‡ ƒ† ’‡ƒ…‡ˆ—ŽǤ ŽŽ …‘…‡’–• ‘ˆ ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ”‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡‹”

ˆ—–—”‡ƒ†–Š‡‹”…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡ǤŠ‡‡…‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ–Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘•‹

†ƒ–ƒȋʹȌ‹•Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘–Šƒ–Šƒ•ƒ’‘•‹–‹˜‡˜ƒŽ—‡‹•ƒ˜‹‰–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ

Š‡’Š”ƒ•‡•‘ˆanak-cucu, ‘children and grandchildren’, merusak hutan hatinya malu, ‘Destroying the forest his heart is ashamed’, is a key word relate†–‘–Š‡

”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‡ …‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ ’Š”ƒ•‡•hari tua, ‘–Š‡ ‘Ž†

days’, laut dijaga bumi di pelihara;The sea and the earth are being protected’

…‘–ƒ‹‹‰–Š‡‡…‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ•ƒ˜‹‰–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡––Šƒ–‹•”‡‡„‡”‡†ˆ‘”ƒŽŽ

–‹‡Ǥ

Management, Utilization and Inheritance

‡š‹…‘• ƒ† ’Š”ƒ•‡• ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ ˆ‘”‡•– ƒƒ‰‡‡– …ƒ „‡ •‡‡ ‹ –Š‡

ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰•–ƒœƒ•ǣ

(3) Kalau tidak ada laut, hampalah perut

ˆ–Š‡”‡‹•‘•‡ƒǡ‡’–››‘—”•–‘ƒ…Š Bila tidak ada hutan, binasalah badan

ˆ–Š‡”‡‹•‘ˆ‘”‡•–ǡ–Š‡„‘†›’‡”‹•Š‡•

Tanda orang memegang amanat,

‹‰•‘ˆ’‡‘’Ž‡Š‘Ž†‹‰ƒƒ†ƒ–‡ǡ Terhadap alam berhemat cermat

‰ƒ‹•–ƒ–—”‡ǡ…ƒ”‡ˆ—Žˆ”—‰ƒŽ‹–›

Š‡ ’Š”ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ Kalau tidak ada laut, hampalah perut‘If there is no sea, empty your stomach’ shows that the Malays are very dependent ‘–Š‡•‡ƒǤ–‹•

‡˜‹†‡––Šƒ–‹‰‡‡”ƒŽ–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•™Š‘Ž‹˜‡‹…‘ƒ•–ƒŽƒ”‡ƒ•ƒ”‡ˆ‹•Š‡”‡ǤŠ‡‹”

Œ‘„‹•–‘…ƒ–…Šˆ‹•ŠǤ ‹•Šƒ”‡…ƒ—‰Š–—•‹‰•‹’Ž‡ƒ†–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡“—‹’‡–ˆ‘”

†ƒ‹Ž› •‹†‡ †‹•Š‡•ǡ •‘‡ ƒ”‡ •‘Ž† ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” Š‘—•‡Š‘Ž† ‡‡†•ǤŠ‡› …ƒˆ‡‡Ž –Š‡

‡’–› •–‘ƒ…Š ™Š‡ –Š‡ ‘”–Š •‡ƒ•‘ ‘” •–”‘‰ ™‹† •‡ƒ•‘ǡ ˆ‹•Š‡”‡

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

…ƒ‘– ‰‘ –‘ •‡ƒ ‘” ‰‘ –‘ •‡ƒ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ †ƒ‰‡”‘—• …‘†‹–‹‘•Ǥ  –Š‡•‡

…‘†‹–‹‘•–Š‡›Žƒ…ƒ”‹‡’”‘†—…–•ǤŠ‡’ƒ”‡–•ƒŽ•‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Šƒ–‹ˆ–Š‡

ˆ‹•Š‹–Š‡•‡ƒƒ”‡–ƒ‡…‘–‹—‘—•Ž›‹ƒ‡š…‡••‹˜‡™ƒ›ǡ‹–™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡ƒ„ƒ†

‹’ƒ…–‘–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•Ǥ‹‡™‹•‡™‹–Š–Š‡‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆˆ‘”‡•–•™Š‹…Šƒ”‡ƒ•‘—”…‡

‘ˆ™‡ƒŽ–Šˆ‘”–Š‡‹”™‡Žˆƒ”‡Ǥ‘„—‹Ž†ƒŠ‘—•‡ǡ–Š‡›‰‘–‘–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•––‘‰‡–™‘‘†

ƒ† ”‘‘ˆ• ˆ”‘ –Šƒ–…Š Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡•– –Š‡› …ƒ Š—– †‡‡” ƒ† ‘–Š‡”

‰ƒ‡’”‘†—…–•ǤŠ‡’Š”ƒ•‡‘ˆBila tidak ada hutan, binasalah badan ‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‹•

no forest, the body perishes’ is an advice to the younger generation to manage

ƒ–—”‡™‡ŽŽǤŠ‡’Š”ƒ•‡•Tanda orang memegang amanat ‘‹‰•’‡‘’Ž‡Š‘Ž†–Š‡

ƒ†ƒ–‡’ǡTerhadap alam berhemat cermat ‘–‘™ƒ”†•ƒ–—”‡ǡ…ƒ”‡ˆ—Žˆ”—‰ƒŽ‹–›’Ǥ ”‘–Š‹•‡š’”‡••‹‘ǡ‹–…ƒ„‡—†‡”•–‘‘†–Šƒ–’”‘–‡…–‹‰ƒ–—”‡‹•ƒƒ†ƒ–‡

ƒ†‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ––Š‡›—•–Š‘Ž†Ǥƒ–—”‡‹•‘–‘Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•„—––‘„‡

’ƒ••‡† ‘ –‘ ˆ—–—”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡ ’Š”ƒ•‡berhemat cermat‘•…”—’—Ž‘—•Ž›

ˆ”—‰ƒŽ’‡ƒ•–Šƒ––Š‡›—•–„‡…ƒ”‡ˆ—Žƒ†‘–‰”‡‡†›‹ƒƒ‰‹‰ƒ–—”‡Ǥ Nature Preservation and Responsibilities as God's Creatures

ƒ”‹‰ ˆ‘” ƒ–—”‡ ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ Š—ƒ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ™‹–Š ‘†Ǥ

‡•–”‘›‹‰ ƒ–—”‡ ‹• ƒ ƒ…– –Šƒ– ‹• ’”‘Š‹„‹–‡† „› •ŽƒǤ Š‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡

ƒŽƒ›•‹•‹†‡–‹…ƒŽ–‘•Žƒǡ‡ƒ‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡’”‹…‹’Ž‡•‹ƒŽƒ›…—•–‘•ƒ”‡

•‹‹Žƒ”–‘•Žƒ„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡›ƒ”‡–ƒ‡ˆ”‘•Žƒ‹…Žƒ™•ǤƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰•

ƒŽ•‘ ˆ‘—† ‡š’”‡••‹‘• –Šƒ– •Š‘™ •Žƒ‹… ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ …ƒ „‡

‘„•‡”˜‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰‡š’”‡••‹‘•Ǣ (4) Tanda ingat kepada Tuhan,

A sign of remembering God, Menjaga alam ia utamakan.

Protecting nature is his priority.

Š‡ …‘–‡– ‘ˆ †ƒ–ƒ ȋͶȌ ƒ„‘˜‡ ‹• ƒ Š—ƒ ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘ „‡ˆ‘”‡ ‘†Ǥ Š‡

‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘•”‡ˆ‡””‡†–‘ƒ”‡‘–‘Ž›”‹–—ƒŽ™‘”•Š‹’ǡ„—–ƒŽ•‘Œ‘„•–Šƒ–’”‘˜‹†‡

„‡‡ˆ‹–• –‘ ‘‡•‡Žˆǡ ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ ƒ† ‘–Š‡”•ǡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ „ƒ•‹…ƒŽŽ› Š—ƒ• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ

‹•‡’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ Š—ƒ• ƒ† ƒ–—”‡ǡ Š—ƒ• ƒ† ‘–Š‡”

Š—ƒ•ǡ ƒ† Š—ƒ• ™‹–Š ƒ–—”‡Ǥ Š‹• ‰‘†Ǥ ƒ‹‰ …ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‡ •‡”‹‘—•Ž›

•‹‰‹ˆ‹‡• –Šƒ– ƒ ’‡”•‘ Šƒ• ˆƒ‹–Š ƒ† ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™• ‘†̵• …‘ƒ†•Ǥ ƒ–—”‡ ™ƒ•

…”‡ƒ–‡†„›‘†–‘„‡—•‡†„›Š—ƒ•ˆ”‘–‹‡–‘–‹‡Ǥ–‹•‹’‘••‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”‘†

–‘ …”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘Ž› ˆ‘” Š—ƒ• ƒ– ‘‡ –‹‡ǡ „—– ‹ ˆƒ…– –Š‹• ƒ–—”‡ ™ƒ•

’”‡’ƒ”‡† ˆ‘” Š—ƒ• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‹• —‹˜‡”•‡ —–‹Ž –Š‡ ƒ› ‘ˆ

—†‰‡–Ǥ‘†ƒ†‡Š—ƒ•ƒ•…ƒŽ‹’Š•‘”Ž‡ƒ†‡”•‘–Š‹•‡ƒ”–ŠǤ ȋͷȌ Siapa sadar dirinya khalifah,

Š‘‹•ƒ™ƒ”‡–Šƒ–Š‡‹•–Š‡…ƒŽ‹’Šǡ Terhadap alam takkan menyalah.

‰ƒ‹•–ƒ–—”‡™‹ŽŽ‘–„‡™”‘‰Ǥ

…ƒ‘– ‰‘ –‘ •‡ƒ ‘” ‰‘ –‘ •‡ƒ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ †ƒ‰‡”‘—• …‘†‹–‹‘•Ǥ  –Š‡•‡

…‘†‹–‹‘•–Š‡›Žƒ…ƒ”‹‡’”‘†—…–•ǤŠ‡’ƒ”‡–•ƒŽ•‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Šƒ–‹ˆ–Š‡

ˆ‹•Š‹–Š‡•‡ƒƒ”‡–ƒ‡…‘–‹—‘—•Ž›‹ƒ‡š…‡••‹˜‡™ƒ›ǡ‹–™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡ƒ„ƒ†

‹’ƒ…–‘–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•Ǥ‹‡™‹•‡™‹–Š–Š‡‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆˆ‘”‡•–•™Š‹…Šƒ”‡ƒ•‘—”…‡

‘ˆ™‡ƒŽ–Šˆ‘”–Š‡‹”™‡Žˆƒ”‡Ǥ‘„—‹Ž†ƒŠ‘—•‡ǡ–Š‡›‰‘–‘–Š‡ˆ‘”‡•––‘‰‡–™‘‘†

ƒ† ”‘‘ˆ• ˆ”‘ –Šƒ–…Š Ž‡ƒ˜‡• ƒ† ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡•– –Š‡› …ƒ Š—– †‡‡” ƒ† ‘–Š‡”

‰ƒ‡’”‘†—…–•ǤŠ‡’Š”ƒ•‡‘ˆBila tidak ada hutan, binasalah badan ‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‹•

no forest, the body perishes’ is an advice to the younger generation to manage

ƒ–—”‡™‡ŽŽǤŠ‡’Š”ƒ•‡•Tanda orang memegang amanat ‘‹‰•’‡‘’Ž‡Š‘Ž†–Š‡

ƒ†ƒ–‡’ǡTerhadap alam berhemat cermat ‘–‘™ƒ”†•ƒ–—”‡ǡ…ƒ”‡ˆ—Žˆ”—‰ƒŽ‹–›’Ǥ ”‘–Š‹•‡š’”‡••‹‘ǡ‹–…ƒ„‡—†‡”•–‘‘†–Šƒ–’”‘–‡…–‹‰ƒ–—”‡‹•ƒƒ†ƒ–‡

ƒ†‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ––Š‡›—•–Š‘Ž†Ǥƒ–—”‡‹•‘–‘Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•„—––‘„‡

’ƒ••‡† ‘ –‘ ˆ—–—”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡ ’Š”ƒ•‡berhemat cermat‘•…”—’—Ž‘—•Ž›

ˆ”—‰ƒŽ’‡ƒ•–Šƒ––Š‡›—•–„‡…ƒ”‡ˆ—Žƒ†‘–‰”‡‡†›‹ƒƒ‰‹‰ƒ–—”‡Ǥ Nature Preservation and Responsibilities as God's Creatures

ƒ”‹‰ ˆ‘” ƒ–—”‡ ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ Š—ƒ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ™‹–Š ‘†Ǥ

‡•–”‘›‹‰ ƒ–—”‡ ‹• ƒ ƒ…– –Šƒ– ‹• ’”‘Š‹„‹–‡† „› •ŽƒǤ Š‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡

ƒŽƒ›•‹•‹†‡–‹…ƒŽ–‘•Žƒǡ‡ƒ‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡’”‹…‹’Ž‡•‹ƒŽƒ›…—•–‘•ƒ”‡

•‹‹Žƒ”–‘•Žƒ„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡›ƒ”‡–ƒ‡ˆ”‘•Žƒ‹…Žƒ™•ǤƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰•

ƒŽ•‘ ˆ‘—† ‡š’”‡••‹‘• –Šƒ– •Š‘™ •Žƒ‹… ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ …ƒ „‡

‘„•‡”˜‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰‡š’”‡••‹‘•Ǣ (4) Tanda ingat kepada Tuhan,

A sign of remembering God, Menjaga alam ia utamakan.

Protecting nature is his priority.

Š‡ …‘–‡– ‘ˆ †ƒ–ƒ ȋͶȌ ƒ„‘˜‡ ‹• ƒ Š—ƒ ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘ „‡ˆ‘”‡ ‘†Ǥ Š‡

‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘•”‡ˆ‡””‡†–‘ƒ”‡‘–‘Ž›”‹–—ƒŽ™‘”•Š‹’ǡ„—–ƒŽ•‘Œ‘„•–Šƒ–’”‘˜‹†‡

„‡‡ˆ‹–• –‘ ‘‡•‡Žˆǡ ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ ƒ† ‘–Š‡”•ǡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ „ƒ•‹…ƒŽŽ› Š—ƒ• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ

‹•‡’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ Š—ƒ• ƒ† ƒ–—”‡ǡ Š—ƒ• ƒ† ‘–Š‡”

Š—ƒ•ǡ ƒ† Š—ƒ• ™‹–Š ƒ–—”‡Ǥ Š‹• ‰‘†Ǥ ƒ‹‰ …ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‡ •‡”‹‘—•Ž›

•‹‰‹ˆ‹‡• –Šƒ– ƒ ’‡”•‘ Šƒ• ˆƒ‹–Š ƒ† ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™• ‘†̵• …‘ƒ†•Ǥ ƒ–—”‡ ™ƒ•

…”‡ƒ–‡†„›‘†–‘„‡—•‡†„›Š—ƒ•ˆ”‘–‹‡–‘–‹‡Ǥ–‹•‹’‘••‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”‘†

–‘ …”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘Ž› ˆ‘” Š—ƒ• ƒ– ‘‡ –‹‡ǡ „—– ‹ ˆƒ…– –Š‹• ƒ–—”‡ ™ƒ•

’”‡’ƒ”‡† ˆ‘” Š—ƒ• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‹• —‹˜‡”•‡ —–‹Ž –Š‡ ƒ› ‘ˆ

—†‰‡–Ǥ‘†ƒ†‡Š—ƒ•ƒ•…ƒŽ‹’Š•‘”Ž‡ƒ†‡”•‘–Š‹•‡ƒ”–ŠǤ ȋͷȌ Siapa sadar dirinya khalifah,

Š‘‹•ƒ™ƒ”‡–Šƒ–Š‡‹•–Š‡…ƒŽ‹’Šǡ Terhadap alam takkan menyalah.

‰ƒ‹•–ƒ–—”‡™‹ŽŽ‘–„‡™”‘‰Ǥ

Š‡ –ƒ• ƒ• ƒ …ƒŽ‹’Š ‹• ˜‡”› Š‡ƒ˜›ǡ ‘‡ —•– „‡ ™‹•‡ ‹ ƒŽŽ –Š‹‰•ǡ ƒ†

—†‡”•–ƒ†Š‹•†—–›ƒ•ƒ…ƒŽ‹’ŠǤŠ‡Š‡”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡†Š‹•†—–›ǡ•‘Terhadap alam takkan menyalah‘‰ƒ‹•–ƒ–—”‡™‹ŽŽ‘–„‡™”‘‰’Ǥ‘–Š‡”™‘”†•ǡ̵†‡˜‹ƒ–‡ǡ

„”‡ƒ–Š‡”—Ž‡•‘”†‡˜‹ƒ–‡̵Ǥ–Š‹•…‘–‡š–ǡ™Š‡•‘‡‘‡”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡•–Šƒ–Š‡‹•–Š‡

…ƒŽ‹’Šǡ Š‡ ™‹ŽŽ ‘– †ƒƒ‰‡ –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‘” ‡š’Ž‘‹– ‹– ‡š…‡••‹˜‡Ž›Ǥ –Š‡”

‡š’”‡••‹‘• –Šƒ– ”‡˜‡ƒŽ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ Š—ƒ ƒ…–‹‘• ƒ• ‘†̵•

…”‡ƒ–—”‡•…ƒ„‡‘„•‡”˜‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰‡š’”‡••‹‘•Ǣ (6) Apa tanda hidup beriman ,

Šƒ–ƒ”‡–Š‡•‹‰•‘ˆƒŽ‹ˆ‡‘ˆˆƒ‹–Šǫ Tahu menjaga kampung halaman

‘™Š‘™–‘–ƒ‡…ƒ”‡‘ˆ›‘—”Š‘‡–‘™

ƒ–ƒȋͷȌƒ†ȋ͸Ȍ…‘–ƒ‹ƒ‡…‘•‘’Š›–Šƒ–‹˜‘Ž˜‡•–Š”‡‡†‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ

Š—ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• ™‹–Š ƒ–—”‡ǡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• ™‹–Š ˆ‡ŽŽ‘™ Š—ƒ•ǡ ƒ†

Š—ƒ•™‹–Š–Š‡‹”‘†ǤŠ‡•‡–Š”‡‡†‹‡•‹‘•…ƒ‘–„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†ˆ”‘‡ƒ…Š

‘–Š‡”Ǥ Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ’Š”ƒ•‡• ™Š‹…Š ƒ”‡ ƒ†˜‹…‡ –‘ ’”‡•‡”˜‡ –Š‡ •—””‘—†‹‰

ƒ–—”‡…ƒ„‡‘„•‡”˜‡†ǡƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”•ǡ‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰“—‘–‡Ǣ (7) Tebasnya tidak menghabiskan

–Š‡•Žƒ•Š†‘‡•̵–•’‡†

tebangnyatidakmemunahkan …—––‹‰‹–†‘‡•‘–†‡•–”‘›

bakarnyatidakmembinasakan

–Š‡„—”†‘‡•̵–†‡•–”‘›

Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‹• ƒ†˜‹…‡ –‘ Š—ƒ• ‘– –‘ „‡ ‰”‡‡†› ƒ†

ƒ”„‹–”ƒ”‹Ž› ‹ —–‹Ž‹œ‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽ •—””‘—†‹‰•Ǥ Š‡ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‹ †ƒ–ƒ ȋ͹Ȍ

ƒ„‘˜‡‹•ƒ’ƒ––‡”‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽƒƒ‰‡‡–‘™‡†„›–Š‡ƒŽƒ›•Ǥ–Š‡”

‡š’”‡••‹‘•…ƒ„‡‘„•‡”˜‡†ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•Ǣ (8) Adat hidup memegang adat ,

Customs live holding customs, Tahu menjaga laut dan selat

Know how to protect the seas and straits Tahu menjaga timba yang lebat

Know how to keep a heavy bucket Tahu menjaga tanah wilayat Know how to protect wilayat land Tahu menjaga semut dan ulat

Know how to take care of ants and caterpillars Tahu menjaga togok dan belat

Know how to take care of the stake and splint

Mohd. Fauzi, Vita Amelia, Qori Islami Aris, Essy Syam

Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘‹†ƒ–ƒȋͺȌƒ„‘˜‡•Š‘™•–Šƒ–’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘Ž‹˜‡ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘

…—•–‘• ‘™ Š‘™ –‘ ’”‘–‡…– –Š‡ •‡ƒ• ƒ† •–”ƒ‹–•ǡ ’”‘–‡…– ˆ‘”‡•–•ǡ ’”‘–‡…–

—Žƒ›ƒ–Žƒ†•ǡƒ†–ƒ‡…ƒ”‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹ƒŽ•ƒ”‘—†–Š‡ǤŠ‡…‘–‡š–‘ˆ‡‡’‹‰

ƒ–•ƒ†…ƒ–‡”’‹ŽŽƒ”•‹•‘–Œ—•––Š‡–™‘Ž‹––Ž‡…”‡ƒ–—”‡•„‡‹‰’”‘–‡…–‡†„—––Š‡

™Š‘Ž‡ƒ‹ƒŽǤ–Š‹•‡š’”‡••‹‘ǡ•ƒŽŽƒ‹ƒŽ•ƒ’’‡ƒ”–‘•Š‘™ƒ––‡–‹‘–‘–Š‡

•Ž‹‰Š–‡•–•–ƒ”Ǥ‡š–‹•–Š‡…‘–‡š–‘ˆ‡‡’‹‰–Š‡•–ƒ‡ƒ†•’Ž‹–‹‰ǤTogok‹•ƒ

•ƒŽŽŠ—–ƒ†‡‘ˆ™‘‘†ƒ†‡„›ˆ‹•Š‡”‡ƒ––Š‡‡†‘ˆƒ™‘‘†‡„”‹†‰‡–Šƒ–

‹•—•—ƒŽŽ›—•‡†ƒ•ƒ’Žƒ…‡–‘‘‘”„‘ƒ–•ƒˆ–‡”…ƒ–…Š‹‰ˆ‹•ŠǤŠ‡ˆ—…–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•

•’Ž‹–‹•–‘’—–ˆ‹•Š…ƒ—‰Š–ƒ–Ž‘™–‹†‡ǤBelat ‘’Ž‹–•’ƒ”‡„ƒ„‘‘•Žƒ–•™‘˜‡

™‹–Šˆ‹„‡”•‘””ƒ––ƒǡ—•‡†–‘…‘ˆ‹‡ˆ‹•Š‹–Š‡•‡ƒ‘”‹”‹˜‡”•ȋǡʹͲͲͷȌǤ CONCLUSIONS

Š‡ ‡…‘•‘’Š› ˆ‘—† ‹Tunjuk Ajar Melayu ȋƒŽƒ› ‡ƒ…Š‹‰•Ȍ ‹• ƒ

‡…‘•‘’Š›–Šƒ–Šƒ•’‘•‹–‹˜‡˜ƒŽ—‡•‹ƒƒ‰‡‡–ǡ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ǡ’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ƒ†

‹Š‡”‹–ƒ…‡–‘ˆ—–—”‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•ǤŠ‹•‡…‘•‘’Š›‹•Ž‘…ƒŽ™‹•†‘–Šƒ–”‡ˆ‡”•–‘

–Š”‡‡†‹‡•‹‘•ǡƒ‡Ž›ȋͳȌŠ—ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ

‡ƒ‹‰–Šƒ–Š—ƒ•…ƒ‘–„‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽ•—””‘—†‹‰•ƒ•ƒ

•‘—”…‡‘ˆŠ—ƒŽ‹ˆ‡ǤŠ‡”‡ǡ’‡‘’Ž‡‰‡–˜ƒ”‹‘—••‘—”…‡•‘ˆˆ‘‘†ǡ…Ž‘–Š‹‰ǡƒ†

ˆ‘‘†Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ –Š‡ •—””‘—†‹‰ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ™Š‹…Š ‹…Ž—†‡• ˆ‘”‡•–•ǡ •‡ƒ•ǡ

”‹˜‡”•—•–„‡ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡†Ǥ‹–Š‘—–ˆ‘”‡•–•ǡ”‹˜‡”•ǡƒ†•‡ƒ•ǡƒŽƒ›‹•–‹–—–‹‘•

ƒ†ƒŽƒ›•‘…‹ƒŽ•–”—…–—”‡•™‹ŽŽ•Š‹ˆ–ǡ‘–ˆ—…–‹‘ƒ†‘˜‡”–‹‡™‹ŽŽ„‡…‘‡

‡š–‹…–Ǥ ȋʹȌŠ—ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘• ™‹–Š ˆ‡ŽŽ‘™ Š—ƒ „‡‹‰•Ǥ ƒƒ‰‹‰ǡ …ƒ”‹‰ ˆ‘”ǡ

’”‘–‡…–‹‰ǡ ƒ† ‹Š‡”‹–‹‰ –Š‡ •—””‘—†‹‰ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‹• ƒ Š—ƒ ‘”ƒŽ

”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›™‹–Š‘–Š‡”Š—ƒ•ƒ†ƒ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›™‹–Šˆ—–—”‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ȋ͵Ȍ ‘† Šƒ• ’”‘˜‹†‡† –Š‹• ™‘”Ž† ™‹–Š ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ”‹…Š‡• ‹ ‹– ˆ‘” –Š‡ „‡‡ˆ‹– ‘ˆ

Š—ƒ•Ǥ —ƒ• ƒ”‡ ‘„Ž‹‰‡† –‘ …ƒ”‡ ˆ‘” ƒ† ’”‘–‡…– –Š‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ „‡‡ˆ‹– ‘ˆ

–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ƒ†Š—ƒ•‹–Š‡‡š–‡”ƒǤƒƒ‰‹‰ǡ’”‘–‡…–‹‰ǡ…ƒ”‹‰ˆ‘”ǡƒ†

’ƒ••‹‰‘–‘…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†‰”ƒ†…Š‹Ž†”‡‹•ƒˆ‘”‘ˆ‰”ƒ–‹–—†‡ƒ†‰”ƒ–‹–—†‡–‘

‘†ƒ†Šƒ•…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–Š‹•ƒ†ƒ–‡ƒ•…ƒŽ‹’Š‘‡ƒ”–ŠǤ SUGGESTIONS

‡•‡ƒ”…Š‘–Š‡…‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›ƒ†˜‹…‡‹ƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰™‹–Š

ƒ…”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‹••–‹ŽŽ‘–’‡”ˆ‡…–ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ”‡•–‹ŽŽƒ›ƒ•ȏ‡…–•

–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡‘–„‡‡•–—†‹‡†‹†‡’–ŠǤ–Ž‡ƒ•––Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ”…Š…ƒ„‡ƒ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ˆ‘”

ˆ—”–Š‡””‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•™Š‘ƒ”‡‹–‡”‡•–‡†‹—…‘˜‡”‹‰Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…’Š‡‘‡ƒ‹

ƒŽƒ›‡ƒ…Š‹‰•ǡ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›‹–Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†‘ˆ…”‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘Ž‹‰—‹•–‹…•–—†‹‡•Ǥ

REFERENCES

Ž™‹ǡ ‡– ƒŽǤ ȋʹͲͲͷȌKamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Edisi KetigaǤ ƒƒ”–ƒǣ ƒŽƒ‹

—•–ƒƒǡ‡’ƒ”–‡‡‡†‹†‹ƒƒ•‹‘ƒŽ

•–ƒ™ƒǡǤǡ‡–ƒŽǤȋʹͲͳͻȌǤŠ‡‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŠ‡”‹‹–ƒƒ”ƒƒ…‘•‘’Š›

‹ Š‡ ™‹‰Ǧƒ™‹‰ ȋ—•–‘ƒ”› ƒ™Ȍ ‡š– ‘ˆ ‡‰ƒƒ ‡‰”‹‰•‹‰ƒ