Table 1. Quantity of different planting materials produced
Crop Variety Type of Quantity
material
Citrus Khasi Mandarin Seedling 10,000 nos.
Banana Giant Cavendish Sucker 10,000 nos.
Passion fruit Purple and Seedlings 1,000 nos.
Yellow & cuttings Papaya Pusa Nanha & Seedlings 2,000
Local
Ginger Nadia and Rhizome 1.5t Thinglaidum
Turmeric Megha Turmeric Rhizome 3.5t.
(RCT-1)
Tomato TO1458, Sioux, Seed 300g.
Sel-3, Avinash-2
& Bankim Ruby
Programme II
Standardization of production and protection technologies.
Banana
1. Assessment of growth and yield performance of banana cv. Giant Cavendish with different bio-fertilizers.
Six different treatment combinations of bio- fertilizers viz., Azospirillum, Azotobacter and PSB were evaluated. A uniform dose @15 kg FYM/plant and bio-fertilizers @20 ml/plant was applied. The data collection is in progress.
Table 2. Effect of bio-fertilizers on growth of banana cv. Giant Cavendish
Treatments Pseudo Pseudo- No. of No. of Days -stem stem suckers func- to height girth tional shooting
leaves Control 186.67 53.27 4.67 11.33 282.67 Azotobacter 231.00 57.00 4.67 11.67 269.00 Azospirillum 233.00 56.20 4.33 12.00 272.67
PSB 227.33 56.33 5.33 12.33 267.00
Azotobacter 243.00 62.00 5.00 13.67 258.00 + PSB
Azospirillum 245.33 63.00 5.33 13.33 256.33 + PSB
CD(P=0.05) 10.90 4.40 N.S N.S 6.86
2. Assessment of growth and quality of tissue- cultured banana cv.Grand naine
Tissue cultured plants (150 nos.) of banana var.
Grand Naine were planted in the month of July 2005 and 100 nos in the month of June 2006 for evaluating its growth and quality parameters under
Mizoram conditions at ICAR Research Farm. Data are presented in Table 3.
Table 3. Physico-chemical parameters of tissue- cultured banana cv. Grand Naine
Plant height 2.10 m.
Plant girth 66.5 cm
No. of functional leaves 14.00
Leaf area 1.03m2
No. of suckers 3
Days to shooting 272 days
Weight of bunch 33 kg
No. of hands 9
No. of fingers 182
TSS 22.5 o Brix
Acidity 0.21 %
Ascorbic acid 13.4 mg/100 g
Reducing sugar 7.3 %
Total sugar 15.5 %
Passion fruit
Assessment of growth and yield performance of passion fruit var Purple with different bio- fertilizers.
Assessment of growth and yield performance of passion fruit variety Purple with six combinations of different bio-fertilizers viz., Azospirillum, Azotobacter and PSB was started in the month of July, 2007. Uniform dose of 10 kg FYM and 20 ml of bio-fertilizers were applied in each plant. The Data are presented in table 4
Programme III
Technology refinement and imparting training.
1. Khasi Mandarin
a) Rejuvenation of declining Khasi Mandarin Orchards in Bualpui and Thingdawl Villages
Rejuvenation schedule was applied in previously selected orchards of Bualpui and Thingdawl Villages. Khasi mandarin plants showed increase in growth and yield parameters.
Experiment is in progress in both orchards.
Table 5. Success story of farmers in Thingdawl and Bualpui Village
Particulars Orchard-1 Orchads-2
Name of the farmer Pu.Zonunthara Pu. Hminga Khiangte Varte
Total no. of plants 125 255
Yield before adopting 37.37 fruits 37.13 fruits rejuvenationprogramme per plant per plant Yield after adopting 125.65 fruits 139.35 fruits rejuvenationprogramme per plant per plant Income before adopting Rs. 7,500/- Rs.18,500/- rejuvenation programme
Income after adopting Rs. 31400/- Rs53,000/- rejuvenationprogramme
b)Demonstration of high density planting of Khasi Mandarin in farmer’s field
One hundred Khasi mandarins were planted at 4 X 4 m in farmer’s field in the month of June
Table 4. Effect of bio-fertilizer on growth and quality of passion fruit var. Purple
Observations Treatment
Control Azotobacter Azospirillum PSB Azotobacter Azospirillum SEm± CD
+ PSB + PSB (P=0.05)
Length of vine (m) 1.35 1.58 1.62 1.54 1.85 1.89 0.05 0.11
Girth of main stem (cm.) 4.60 4.83 4.90 5.10 6.13 6.28 0.19 0.42
No. of branches 2.33 3.33 4.00 3.33 4.33 4.67 NS NS
No. of leaves/ branch 26.67 32.00 33.00 31.33 37.00 36.33 NS NS
Leaf area(cm.2) 143.00 171.00 176.67 171.67 195.00 200.33 15.51 34.56
No of fruits 70.00 103.00 104.33 105.00 118.33 120.00 3.52 7.84
Fruit weight (g.) 31.67 39.00 42.00 38.33 47.00 47.00 2.16 4.81
Fruit volume 39.33 49.00 52.00 54.00 64.33 64.67 3.12 6.94
Juice (%) 25.83 30.73 30.97 29.77 34.50 33.67 1.36 3.03
TSS (%) 15.53 16.47 16.50 16.50 17.23 17.33 0.29 0.64
Acidity (%) 2.48 2.39 2.40 2.40 2.21 2.24 0.03 0.07
Ascorbic acid (mg/100ml) 32.77 36.17 36.90 36.77 40.50 40.67 1.32 2.95
Reducing Sugar (%) 7.23 7.49 7.51 7.53 7.71 7.74 0.04 0.09
Total sugar (%) 10.83 11.15 11.14 11.2 11.44 11.50 0.07 0.16
2006. The plants have attained the average plant height 1.87m, stem girth 10.4cm and leaf area 18.24 cm2.
c) Assessment of growth and yield performance of Khasi mandarin under integrated nutrient management trial at Kawnpui Village
Treatments with different combinations of nutrients (organic and inorganic) were applied in three Khasi mandarin orchards in farmers’ field at Kawnpui block. The pooled data of experiment are given in Table 6.
d) Demonstration on foliar application of micro nutrients in farmer’s field
Demonstration on foliar application of micro- nutrients viz., ZnSo4, MnSo4 and CuSo4 and their combinations were carried out in two Khasi mandarin orchards at Kawnpui block in farmer’s field. The data are presented in Table 7.
2. Banana
a) Demonstration on improved technology of banana production on farmers’ field
Two banana orchards were selected for carrying out demonstration on improved technology of
Table 6. Effect of different fertilizers and manures and its combination on growth, yield and quality of Khasi mandarin
Treatments Seasonal incremental No of Physico- chemical parameters of fruits vegetative growth fruits/
plant
Plant Plant Canopy Fruits Fruit Fruit Fruit Juice TSS Acidity Ascorbic Reducing Total height girth volume weight length diameter volume (%) (%) (%) acid sugar sugar
(cm.) (cm.) (m3) (g) (cm.) (cm.) (ml.) (mg/ (%) (%)
100m)l
FYM (F) 28.00 1.53 0.073 258.33 98.33 5.52 5.63 104.67 44.19 9.70 0.49 36.67 5.32 7.14 Vermi compost (V) 30.75 1.53 0.070 250.00 99.43 5.53 5.64 105.33 44.00 9.74 0.49 36.33 5.37 7.15 Poultry manure (P) 28.50 1.50 0.063 264.67 105.47 5.58 5.69 111.67 44.08 9.84 0.50 37.33 5.40 7.19
NPK 32.00 1.73 0.084 305.33 108.23 5.60 5.72 115.33 44.38 9.92 0.47 34.00 5.43 7.23
NPK+V 41.50 2.13 0.212 362.67 139.53 5.84 5.95 149.33 47.42 10.67 0.35 37.67 5.67 7.54 NPK+P 41.23 2.00 0.206 378.33 137.70 5.87 6.00 147.67 47.30 10.73 0.36 35.00 5.69 7.58 NPK+F 41.83 2.10 0.209 371.67 138.53 5.86 6.01 154.67 47.33 10.67 0.37 38.00 5.70 7.60
V+P 37.25 1.73 0.127 326.67 124.33 5.76 5.85 132.33 45.83 10.26 0.42 39.00 5.59 7.42
F+V 36.00 1.70 0.123 320.00 121.33 5.75 5.84 130.67 46.17 10.30 0.42 39.00 5.62 7.39
F+P 36.25 1.67 0.129 316.67 122.33 5.73 5.86 132.00 45.92 10.31 0.41 36.67 5.64 7.44
Control 21.58 1.10 0.035 116.67 72.43 5.15 5.21 75.67 42.67 9.34 0.60 33.33 4.82 6.82
SEm± 1.26 0.22 0.0093 20.75 5.25 0.04 0.04 7.76 0.58 0.18 0.02 4.10 0.13 0.06
CD(P=0.05) 2.63 0.45 0.0194 43.28 10.95 0.08 0.09 16.20 1.21 0.37 0.04 8.56 0.27 0.12
Table 7. Effect of micro-nutrients on physico-chemical parameters of Khasi mandarin
Treatments No of Fruit Fruit Fruit Juice Fruit TSS Acidity Ascorbic Reducing Total fruits weight length diameter (%) volume (%) (%) acid sugar sugar
(g.) (cm.) (cm.) (mg/ % %
100ml)
ZnSo4 (T1) 309.67 104.00 5.13 5.23 45.65 112.00 10.12 0.49 28.00 4.79 7.23 MnSo4 (T2) 305.33 102.39 5.09 5.23 45.75 109.00 10.18 0.50 27.50 4.84 7.25 CuSo4 (T3) 297.67 102.87 5.09 5.23 45.70 109.33 10.15 0.49 27.50 4.81 7.29 Zn+Cu+Mn (T4) 374.00 135.67 5.60 5.65 48.80 145.67 10.88 0.41 21.33 5.42 7.74 Zn+Cu (T5) 338.00 122.33 5.37 5.48 46.98 131.67 10.49 0.45 24.83 5.04 7.47 Zn+Mn (T6) 330.33 116.83 5.36 5.48 46.80 125.00 10.50 0.44 25.17 5.05 7.51 MN+Cu (T7) 337.67 116.67 5.32 5.44 47.03 123.67 10.46 0.44 24.67 5.12 7.45 Control (T8) 260.67 83.67 4.86 4.97 44.25 91.33 9.82 0.51 31.61 4.51 6.99
CD(P=0.05) 19.22 8.91 0.13 0.17 0.79 8.40 0.14 0.05 4.01 0.20 0.14
banana production. The data are presented in table 8.
Table 8. Growth parameters of Giant Cavendish on farmer’s field (2007-08)
Plant height : 2.1 m.
Plant girth : 57 cm.
No. of functional leaves : 12.33
Leaf area : 0.98 m2
No. of suckers : 3.33 Day to shooting : 273 Weight of bunch : 18.5 kg No. of fingers : 92 Weight of finger : 160 gm
T.S.S : 24.5oBrix
Acidity : 0.26 %
Ascorbic acid : 12.3 mg/ 100g Reducing sugar : 8.3 %
Total sugar : 16.5 %
3. Passion fruit
a)Demonstration on improved technologies of passion fruit var. Purple and Giant granadilla on farner’s field
An orchard was selected at Thingdawl block to carry out demonstration on improved technologies of passion fruit production in the year 2005. Results obtained form demonstration are presented in table 9
Table 9. Assessment of growth, yield and quality of passion fruit on farmer’s field
Parameter Variety Gaint
Purple type granadilla (Passiflora (Passiflora edulis) quadrangularis)
Number of branches 5 6
No of fruits/vine 175 45
Fruit weight(g) 47.8 720
Volume of fruit (cc) 68 796
Peel weight(g) 20 546.3
Pulp weight(g) 25.3 131.11
Juice (%) 31.5 14.30
Acidity (%) 2.8 1.81
TSS (%) 17.9 13.8
Total sugar (%) 12.6 4.9
Ascorbic acid (mg/100ml) 46.00 39.00
Seed weight (g) 15.60 21.70
Training conducted
Six training programmes on production technology of passion fruit, banana, papaya, citrus and winter vegetables were conducted during 2007- 08.
SPICES
INSECT AND PESTS Turmeric
Stem borer was found to cause damage up to 30 per cent to shoots in turmeric.The major insect pests were stem borer/rhizome borer, thrips, skipper, aphids and chrysomelid beetles.
Ginger
The major insect pests were stem borer/rhizome borer, thrips, skipper, chrysomelid beetles, etc.
Skipper was one of the most destructive pests of ginger and it caused damage more than 10-15 per cent to ginger crop in Mizoram. Stem borer were found to cause damage up to 30 per cent to shoots.
Skipper and its damage
Dead heart symptom by rhizome borer