Singh in addition to the support he received from all categories of staff of the institute and its regional centres. In vegetable crops, Megha tomato – variety 3 was released/reported for the state of Meghalaya.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
Thrust areas
Human resources
Budget
Library
Mandate
Important events
Most of the speakers emphasized on the protection and conservation of the fragile ecosystem and the biodiversity of the potential underutilized crops in hilly areas, especially Northeast India. Apart from ICAR sports, the complex also organizes sports/community events during Independence and Republic days every year where many events were held and family members of the staff actively participated in it.
MEGHALAYA
WEATHER REPORT
RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS
The average monthly soil temperature at a depth of 10 and 20 cm in the morning and evening hours followed a similar trend (Figure 4 and Figure 5). Figure 6 shows that the average monthly soil temperature at a depth of 30 cm was the same in the morning and evening in all seasons.
CROP SCIENCE
In conservation tillage, residues from all the crops grown in the system were incorporated together with weed biomass. The severity is less in the cooler regions at higher elevations of the northeastern hills.
OILSEEDS
Thirty-eight urdbean AVT accessions were evaluated under Barapan field conditions against four major urdbean diseases (MYMV, powdery mildew, net blight and ascohit leaf blight). All were resistant to MYMV and web blight, but most accessions were moderately to highly susceptible to powdery mildew and Ascochyta leaf blight.
VERMICOMPOST
Some isolated cases of a slight increase in the rodent population and a slight increase in damage to rice crops were observed only in the East Garo Hills. Application of zinc phosphide followed by bromadiolone to control the remaining rodent population proved effective in reducing the rodent population up to 87%.
FRUITS
The fruit fly species, Bactrocera dorsalis has been recorded on plum (Prunus domestica), guava (Psidium guajava), peach (Prunus persica), blackcurrant (Prunus nepalensis) and Soh phie (Myrica esculenta), while fruit fly species, B. Pathogen (Phytophthora spp.) was isolated on Cornmeal Agar medium modified with antibiotics/fungicides and purified in V8 Juice Agar.
UNDERUTILIZED FRUITS
VEGETABLE CROPS
However, average bulb weight was highest in Bhima Raj (61 g) followed by Bhima Red (54.4 g). Similarly, the least rotting percentage and minimum reduction in starch content was recorded in T4 treatment followed by T5.
SPICES
The lowest infection and minimum yield loss were recorded in the treatment of ginger treated with hot water at 49oC for 20 minutes. Isolation of bioagent(s) for R. Rhizosphere soil samples from healthy tomato, maize, soybean, rice, groundnut, brinjal, cucumber, pumpkin, Table 1 Field effectiveness of combination of nutrients, mulching and fungicides, biocontrol agents and plant products against soft rot of ginger in the field of soil science.
FLORICULTURE
The pathogen (Phytophthora spp) was isolated from bud rot samples collected from different districts of Meghalaya. It was found that the PLBs continued to proliferate and at the same time some of them differentiated into shoots up to four subcultures (8 weeks/subculture).
POST HARVEST TECHNOLOGY
Based on organoleptic testing performed by ten panel members on 9-point hedonic scale, RTS with TSS level 15°B was found to be the most appealing. On the basis of sensory evaluation, it was found that wine obtained from the 50% diluted juice was most appealing in terms of taste and color.
CROPPING SYSTEM RESEARCH
The effect of ambient temperature and cold storage on the phytochemical properties of post-harvest broccoli florets was investigated during storage. These fruit slices together with the brine were packed in glass jars and kept at room temperature (24±5 °C and 70% relative humidity) for six months (Figures 2 and 3).
ORGANIC FARMING
The highest yield of potato was recorded in the sole application of vermicompost and was equal to the sole application of FYM. Table 2 Maximum yield (t/ha) of crops in different cultivation systems under the influence of different sources of organic nutrients.
DEVELOPMENT OF MARSHY LAND FOR CROP PRODUCTION
It was observed that 45 day old seedlings recorded the highest seed yield followed by 60 day old seedlings. The maximum rice yield (5.22 t/ha) was recorded with rice + fish + azolla followed by rice + fish + food system.
BIOORGANICS FOR CROP PRODUCTION
FARMING SYSTEM RESEARCH
The upper part of micro water skeleton was used for broom grass to meet the requirement of fodder for the animals during the lean period and to get broomsticks. The middle part of the system was used for fruit crops like Assam lemon, orange and guava. The middle part of the system was used for fruit crops of pineapple and guava.
AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION
The graded separation in the bun field at 1 m vertical interval along with the water collection tank at the lower edges of the hill slope was observed to reduce the sediment yield by 74.91%. The model was used to develop vegetative and structural control measures to enhance agricultural sustainability in the Umroi watershed representing typical agro-climatic conditions of the eastern Himalaya. The simulation results showed that the installation of 26 porous rock fill check dams and litter barriers in the Umroi watershed can reduce the sediment yield by 54.67%.
EXTENSION AND DISSEMINATION OF TECHNOLOGY
The simulation results showed that replacing the existing spade tillage practice with a no-drill system and a cultivator can reduce sediment yield by 13.14 and 21.88%, respectively. The results clearly showed that crop and tillage management practices and structural controls alone could not reduce sediment yield to less than 5 Mg ha–1. Simulation of crop combinations, tillage and structural control scenarios showed that a combination of soybean and no-tillage with structural controls can reduce sediment yield by 78.40%, i.e.
WATER MANAGEMENT
The highest grain yield (4563 kg/ha) was achieved with zero tillage with residue retention, and the lowest grain yield (4093 kg/ha) with classic tillage with residue removal. The results (Table 2) revealed the highest grain yield in conventional - zero tillage system, followed by conventional - conventional and conventional - zero tillage. Corn grain yield in zero and conventional treatments was statistically the same.
SOIL HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Thus, residual effects of lime (once applied every two years @ 20% LR) can be utilized through application of 100% recommended rate of NPK along with 1.5 t ha-1 weed biomass (Ambrosia spp.) to obtain higher productivity. of turmeric in the acidic soils of Meghalaya. When weed biomass (Ambrosia spp. @ 1.5 t ha-1) was supplemented with either poultry manure or FYM or Lime, rhizome yield Fig 2 Abandoned Jhum land in shifted cultivated area. However, maximum rhizome yield (9.8 t ha-1) was obtained when lime @ 20% LR, 100% NPK and weed biomass was applied in an integrated manner.
AGROFORESTRY
The leaf biomass of the two types of hedgerows was pruned and incorporated into the soil twice a year to supplement nutrients. Pruning was done twice a year and the pruned biomass was incorporated into the soil to supplement nutrients. The leaf biomass was pruned again in September and incorporated into the soil.
BIODIVERSITY
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the rate of decomposition of five different hedgerow species namely Flemingia macrophylla, Crotolaria tetragona, Indigofera tinctoria, Tephrosia candida and Canjanus cajan. Based on the decay constant, it appeared that C.tetragona is a better hedge row species followed by I.tinctoria, T.candida, C.cajan and F.macrophylla. The first pruning was done in the month of February and the second pruning was done in the month of September.
MUSHROOM
Decay rate was maximum in C.tetragona (15.5 percent left after 15 days of incorporation) and I.tinctoria (17.95 percent left after 15 days of incorporation). Decay rate was slowest in F.macrophylla (61.65 percent remained after 30 days of incorporation) and in all other species more than 60 percent biomass decayed after 30 days of incorporation. Total leaf biomass production was estimated for Flemingia macrophylla and Indigofera tinctoria and it was recorded at 2.6 t/ha and 1.3 t/.
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
The productivity of all major crops of the district is almost similar except groundnut, sesame which has lower yield compared to the state average. The productivity of all major crops of the district is almost similar except groundnut, sesame which has lower yield compared to the state average. The main objective of the production system is to produce crops to meet the immediate food demand for subsistence.
ANIMAL PRODUCTION
120 days (60-180 days old) and were compared with control (n=10). The gilts were observed for estrus, ovarian activity and other reproductive traits including genital tract biometry after slaughter. The body weight of Assam Hill goats is recorded in every 30 days interval up to 360 days. Some of the reproductive parameters of Assam Hill goat under semi-intensive management conditions are given in Tables 7 & 8.
ANIMAL NUTRITION
Standardization of SDS-PAGE and RT-PCR for the detection of group “A” rotaviruses from livestock fecal samples. Screening of fecal samples for rotavirus detection using standardized SDS-PAGE and RT-PCR. These blood samples were screened for detection of hemoprotozoan infections by examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers.
FISHERIES
After the introduction of Ranjeet variety through SRI, the average productivity went up to the 4.8 t/ha in South Garo hills whereas in Dhalai (Tripura) after the introduction of Naveen variety through SRI the productivity went up to 3 .7 t/ha. Due to this intervention, the farmers' fish productivity has increased by approx. 1.5 t/ha, and individual farmers earn approx. 10,000 Rs. on their pond (25m x 25m). A total of 9 households were involved covering an area of 6.2 ha with a net cultivable area of 4.9 ha under terrace cultivation.
Arunachal Pradesh
The growth and yield characteristics were highest recorded when crop was supplied with 2.5 t/ha vermicompost followed by 1.25 t/ha poultry manure. Similarly, weed control efficiency was highest recorded on Imperata cylendrica, followed by paddy straw mulch. The B:C ratio was recorded higher when pendimethalin @ 1.5 l/ha followed by one hand weeding was done at 25 DAS.
Manipur
In the case of brown spot disease, the lowest disease score of 1 was recorded in Teruntssok, Basmati. Early planting (Aug to Oct depending on soil moisture) was suitable for rapeseed, M-27 in the highlands. Twenty native ornamental fish species were collected from different water bodies of Manipur and maintained in the laboratory for further studies.
Mizoram
RCPL1-134 and RCPL1-140 took minimum days to 50% flowering while Bia rabi-2 and Bia rabi-1 took maximum days to 50% flowering. The grain yield was higher in the variety RCPL1-125, which was at the level of RCPL1 -126 and significantly higher than the rest of the varieties (Table 5). The performance of fat groundnut variety ICGS-76 was evaluated with different boron sources. Table 9 Performance of different varieties/hybrids of maize during kharif 2010. A systematic study on growth performance of Vanaraja chicks procured from ICAR, RC for NEH region, Manipur center was carried out at the poultry unit of this centre.
Nagaland
The maximum number of 13,00 cormels was found in line 21 and the minimum of 2,00 cormels was found in line 3. A total of twenty-two piglets were selected for replacement in the herd and included for further study in the project. The improved varieties of Vanaraja and Gramapriya birds became very popular in the state, although the remote areas are yet to benefit from this project.
Sikkim
Production of nucleus/basic seed and planting material of horticultural crops
Citrus- New plantation established Peach- Ready for budwood production Kiwifruit- Ready for budwood production.
Standardization of production and protection technologies
Technology refinement and imparting training
The morphological parameter that showed the maximum difference in the data collected from both sites was total weight/plant. There was a significant decrease in total plant weight in all varieties grown at KVK farm compared to those grown at ICAR farm. It can be seen that there is a significant decrease in the values of the varieties planted in the KVK farm.
