Impact of Horticulture Missions Challenges and Way Forward
Rajbir Singh,
Joint Secretary (MIDH)
Department of Agriculture, Cooperation Rajbir Singh,
Joint Secretary (MIDH)
Department of Agriculture, Cooperation
Horticulture Development
in India Horticulture Development
in India
Individual schemes for Horticulture
subsumed into
MIDH
Individual schemes for Horticulture
subsumed into
MIDH
Government of India focus on Horticulture started with CDB in 1981, followed by NHB (1984), TMNEH (2001),NHM & NBM
(2005) and CIH (2006)
Historical Perspective
NHB• 1984: For
Development of Commercial
HMNEH
• 2001-02: TMNE for Horticulture in North Eastern States
• 2003-04: Extended to Himalayan States also.
NHM• 2005-06: Mission for Development of Horticulture in the country (18
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture
A mission that subsumes and integrates all previous schemes for development of Horticulture
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture
A mission that subsumes and integrates all previous schemes for development of Horticulture
Various schemes integrated to harness
the potential of Horticulture in all
Various schemes integrated to harness
the potential of Horticulture in all
1981
1981 19841984 20012001 20052005
MIDHMIDH
2006 2006
CIH• 2006-07: For HRD in Horticulture in NER
20142014
CDB • 1981: Coconut Development Board
Sub-Schemes of MIDH
National Horticulture Mission (NHM) National Horticulture Mission (NHM)
Horticulture Mission for North East &
Himalayan States (HMNEH)
Horticulture Mission for North East &
Himalayan States (HMNEH)
National Horticulture Board (NHB) Development of Commercial Horticulture
National Horticulture Board (NHB) Development of Commercial Horticulture
Coconut Development Board (CDB) Development Schemes for Coconut
Coconut Development Board (CDB) Development Schemes for Coconut Central Institute of Horticulture (CIH) Central Institute of Horticulture (CIH)
(60%:40
%) (60%:40
%)
(90%:10
%) (90%:10
%)
All States Except NE and Himalayan States NE and Himalayan States
100%100%
100%100%
100%100%
All States
All Coconut growing States Capacity building in NE States
B. Central Sector Schemes
A. Centrally Sponsored Schemes
Major Components:
Research and Development.
Nursery and Quality planting material.
Area expansion under open and protected cultivation.
Water harvesting structure -individual and community.
Horticulture mechanization.
Post harvest infrastructure including primary processing and Cold Chain.
Objectives & Major Components of MIDH
Objectives:- To promote holistic growth of horticulture sector through area based regionally differentiated strategies, which includes research, innovation and technology promotion, extension, post harvest management, processing and marketing in consonance with comparative advantages of each State/Region and its diverse agro-climatic features.
Horticulture constitutes an important segment in agriculture, occupying about 18% (25.49 million hactor) of net cultivated area.
Horticulture production during 2018-19 has been recorded all time high at 313.85 million tonn.
India is 2nd largest producer of Fruits & Vegetables in the world. India’s share in the world production of fruits and vegetables stands at 10.50% and 11.20% respective.
Per capita consumption of Fruits & Vegetables has increased from 281 gm/day in 2005-06 to 397 gm/day in 2017-18 (FAO).
Horticulture Scenario
2018-19 2018-19
16.59
16.59 145.78145.78 8.798.79
% increase
% increase
2013-14 2013-14
18.44 18.44
166.93
166.93 9.059.05
2004-05 2004-05
24.19
24.19 277.35277.35 11.4611.46
12.31 12.31 25.49
25.49 313.85313.85
2001-2002 2001-2002
54%54% 115%115% 40.%40.%
AREA PRODUCTION PRODUCTIVITY
Area in million Ha
Production in million MT Productivity in MT/Hectare Area in million Ha
Production in million MT Productivity in MT/Hectare
Growth of Horticulture
YEAR
Impact of Scheme Interventions
Impact of Scheme Interventions
Global AgriSystem Private Limited has conducted an Impact Evaluation Study during October to December, 2019 for the period from 2014-15 to 2018-19.
The findings of the study are quite encouraging and are highlighted in the following slides.
Impact Evaluation Study of MIDH
Effectiveness : Financial and Physical
The bar digram indicates that majority of the states in all the zones have utilized more that 65% of their allocation.
Physical Achievements Financial Achievements
• More than 80% of the overall target was achieved under:
Area Expansion, Rejuvenation, Protected Cultivation and Horticulture Mechanization.
• Other good performing components of MIDH include:
Water resources (71%); Bee Keeping (67%), Formation of FPOs (64%), Human Resource
2593 2674 1363 2243 1649 678
2152 2323 898 1737 1110 757
83% 87% 66% 77% 67% 112%
Zone Wise Financial Performance
Total Allocation Total Expenditure Achievement
Rs. in Crores
Impact : Area, Production & Productivity
Overall increase in horticulture area, production and productivity was recorded in the country during 2014-15 to 2018-19 at an impressive rate of 6%, 11.3% and 4.9% respectively
50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00
2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00
18.44 24.19 23.41 25.49
166.93
277.35 280.99
313.85 9.05
11.47
12.00 12.31
Impact on Horticultural Area, Production & Productivity
Area & Production Productivity
Diversification : Impact on Cropping Pattern
• As a result of MIDH interventions, area under cultivation of horticultural crops has significantly increased as compared to the other crops grown by the beneficiaries.
• The Mission has also helped the beneficiaries to opt for more remunerative crops of fruits &
vegetables..
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
40.00%
45.00%
34%
40%
5%
8%
3%
0%
39.52%
42.51%
6.94% 8.00%
2.57%
0.35%
Percentage Area allocation under horticulture : Before & After
Impact : Socio – Economic Changes
S.N. Indicators Weighted Average Score
out of 5
1 Per capita availability of nutritive food including fruits, vegetables & other horticultural crops for the family has increased.
4.17
2 Expenditure on education of the children has increased due to enhanced income and 87% of the beneficiaries supported the same.
4.15
3 86% respondents supported that their access to drinking water and sanitation facilities has increased.
4.11
4 86% respondents admitted that their access to
better health care facilities has increased. 4.13
5 74% respondents revealed that their access to 3.75
Though, the Horticulture Sector has emerged as a major growth driver in agriculture and allied sectors;
Yet, the sector is also facing various challenges – pre and post production, existing and emerging .
Challenges
Challenges ….Contd.
Small scale farming due to size of holdings.
Inadequate availability of quality planting materials.
Lack of processable varieties for cultivation.
Low level of mechanization in horticulture.
Lack of latest technologies for protected cultivation.
Lack of know how and do how.
Challenges …...Contd.
Fruits are generally grown on marginal lands with low soil fertility – productivity potential not achieved.
Large scale prevalence of old and senile orchards having low planting density which adversely affects the productivity.
High initial investment on new orchards. Initial cost is a constraint in adoption of new technologies.
Farmers who do not have economy of scale production and less liquidity are prone to exploitation by traders and middlemen.
Seasonal production: Production and supply is confined to a particular season for a short period, while the demand is spread all round the year.
Facilities for post-harvest management and processing have not kept pace with growth in production.
Unorganised supply chain, not suitably integrated for handling of perishable produce.
Lack of sorting, grading and storage facilities at the farm or around the market compels farmers to sell the produce immediately after the harvest when the prices are generally at the lowest level.
Markets are controlled by a few big traders whose operations are non-transparent and lead to low price realisation and even lower
Challenges ….Contd.
The Way Forward
Integrated ApproachIntegrated Approach Integrated ApproachIntegrated Approach
Diversification of horticulture - to identify potential crop verities for different agro climatic conditions to increase productivity and profitability and also to cope up with climate change induced situations.
Special emphasis on establishment of mother blocks/ rootstock blocks with hi-tech nurseries & tissue culture units for ensuring availability of quality planting material.
Development of processable/ dual purpose varieties acceptable to the market.
Crop-specific and cluster based value chain studies for mapping of existing infrastructure and identifying gaps.
The Way Forward ….Contd.
Focus on post harvest infrastructure including pack houses and repining chamber; and refrigerated transport for marketing of fresh produce.
Improving market intelligence to promote market led production by scheduling of sowing and harvesting operations.
Intensive skill development and capacity building programmes for adoption of latest technologies in Horticulture at farmers field.
Adoption of GAP standards for export as well as domestic requirements of quality produce.
The Way Forward ….Contd.
Blockchain in Horticulture
• Blockchain allows for a chain of connected and time stamped records/blocks that are linked using cryptography.
• Blockchain data is not only easy to track but also highly secure and hard to tamper with.
• One universal ledger- heart of the block chain with different nodes
• History of ownership and traceability of the produce at different levels.
More Opportunities
