Power Generation Maglev Windmill

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ITSI Transactions on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ITSI-TEEE)

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ISSN (PRINT) : 2320 – 8945, Volume -4, Issue -3, 2016 52

Power Generation Maglev Windmill

1Vidya B C, ²Sushmitha P S, ³Pushpalatha, ⁴Paavana C V

1,2,3,4Dept of ECE, RRCE

Abstract: Magnetic levitation also known as maglev, this phenomenon operates on the repulsion characteristics of permanent magnets. This technology has been predominantly utilized in the rail industry in the Far East to provide very fast and reliable transportation on maglev trains and with ongoing research its popularity is increasingly attaining new heights. Using a pair of permanent magnets like neodymium magnets and substantial support magnetic levitation can easily be experienced. By placing these two magnets on top of each other with like polarities facing each other, the magnetic repulsion will be strong enough to keep both magnets at a distance away from each other. The force created as a result of this repulsion can be used for suspension purposes and is strong enough to balance the weight of an object depending on the threshold of the magnets. In this project, we expect to implement this technology form the purpose of achieving vertical orientation with our rotors as well as the axial flux generator.

Keywords-LTE

I. INTRODUCTION

The terms wind energy or wind power describes the process by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power.

This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or a generator can convert this mechanical power into electricity. The wind turbine is used for conversion of kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which connects to a generator and makes electricity. The Maglev wind turbine design is a vast departure from conventional propeller designs. Its main advantages are that it uses frictionless bearings and a magnetic levitation design and it does not need to vast spaces required by more conventional wind turbines. It also requires little if any maintenance.

The Maglev wind turbine was first unveiled at the Wind Power Asia exhibition in Beijing 2007. The unique operating principle behind this design is through magnetic levitation. Magnetic levitation is supposedly an extremely efficient system for wind energy. The vertically oriented blades of the wind turbine are suspended in the air re-placing any need for ball bearings.

II. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE STUDY

2.1 Magnets

A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent

magnetic field. The ring magnets are shown fig 1.Disk magnets are shown in fig 2.

Fig 1 Ring magnets

Fig 2 Disk magnets

Magnets produce magnetic fields, or areas in which potentially magnetic materials, such as iron, are polarized and attracted to the magnet. There are two types of magnets: permanent magnets and electromagnets. Permanent magnets have a

constant magnetic field, while electromagnets only produce a field when an electric current runs through the coil that comprises part of their structure. Ring magnets are permanent magnets that are distinguished by their shape: they are round with a hole in the middle, and because of this shape they are sometimes referred to as donut magnets.

2.2 Acrylic material for circular disk

Acrylate polymers belong to a group of polymers which could be referred to generally as plastics. They are noted for their transparency, resistance to breakage, and elasticity. They are also commonly known as acrylics or polyacrylates. Acrylate polymer is commonly used in cosmetics such as nail polish as an adhesive.

Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers made from a polymer (polyacrylonitrile) with an average molecular weight of

~100,000, about 1900 monomer units. For a fiber to be called "acrylic" in the U.S, the polymer must contain at least 85% acrylonitrile monomer. Typical comonomers are vinyl acetate or methyl acrylate.

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Fig 3 Circular type Acrylic sheet

Acrylic plastic is a lightweight, shatter resistant, transparent plastic that is often used as an alternative to glass. Often referred to as "safety glass" or acrylic glass, this plastic has been sold under a number of trademark names since coming to market in the 1930's and it is shown in fig 3.

2.3 Description about Arduino

Arduino is an open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter

message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.

Why Arduino?

 Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module can be assembled by hand, and even the pre- assembled Arduino modules are available in the market.

 Cross-platform - The Arduino Software (IDE) runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows.

Fig 4ATmega328p pin definition

Fig 5 Diagram of copper coils are connected circularly

In fig 5 we can observe that copper coils are connected circularly on circular acrylic sheet and are connected serially. Rotor is rotating because of wind energy this will inturn produce voltages as we shown in fig 5.

III. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

The Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) usually do not have anemometers because they are usually used for low speed and small scale applications. The high speed shaft drives the generator to produce electricity and they are connected to the low speed shaft by gears to increase 3.1Specifications

In this design, wind turbine blades was attained with two triangular shape cut out from aluminum sheet

 The height of the blades were 1 feet

 Bush-inner diameter 20 mm.

 Shaft outer diameter 20mm,length 3 feet.

 Neodymium magnets with diameter 30mm.

 Acrylic sheet inner diameter is 20mm and outer diameter is 20 inch

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Fig 6 Block diagram of Wind power generator

Fig 6 Block diagram of MAGLEV windmilltrains and with on-going research its popularity is

increasingly attaining new heights.

The fig 6 shows the block diagram of MAGLEV Windmill contains windturbines,relay circuit, rotor and stator, microcontroller and DC motor. In presence of air.turbines will rotate ,this will inturnrotate the rotors on which magnets are placed. The rotor is rotating with high speed due to this it will be excited and the emf is induced in the coil. This voltage is given to the rectifier circuit which rectifies the signal and it will be stored in battery as shown in the fig14. In the absence of wind also turbine will be in motion because it is MAGLEV Windmill. for this we have used microcontroller and Dc motor as shown in the fig 6.

3.2Magnet Placement

Two ring type neodymium (NdFeB) magnets of grade N-42 of outer diameter 40 mm, inner diameter 20 mm and thickness 10 mm are placed at the center of the shaft by which the required levitation between the stator and the rotor is obtained. Similar disc type magnets of 30 mm diameter and 4mm thickness are arranged as alternate poles one after the other, along the periphery of the rotor made of acrylic of 40mm diameter . These magnets are responsible for the useful flux that is going to be utilized by the power generation system.

3.3Coil Arrangement

26 gauge wires of 700 turns each are used as coils for power generation. 12 sets of such coils are used in the prototype. These coils are arranged in the periphery of the stator exactly in a line to the arranged disc magnets.

IV. RESULTS

Now way days power is major parameter in the daily life. To produce power we have many methods, wind energy is the one of them. Here we have used MAGLEV wind mill to produce the power. As we can see in Fig 7 and Fig 8.

Fig 7 Diagram of power generation with less speed

Fig 8 Diagram of power generation with high speed ADVANTAGES

1. Mechanical friction is totally eliminatedas the rotor is floating in the air due to levitation.

2. Rotates in very low wind speeds

3. Able to use winds with starting speeds as low as 1.5 meters per second (m/s). Also, they could operate in winds exceeding 40 m/s.

4. No need of any control circuit for switching ON/OFF of turbines

DISADVANTAGES

1. In terms of large scale power production, vertical axis wind turbines have not been known to be suitable.

2. Due to the overall structure and complexity of the of the vertical axis wind turbine, to scale it up to a

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size where it could provide the amount of power to satisfy a commercial park or feed into the grid would not be practical.

3. The size of the rotors would have to be immense and would cost too much to make.

APPLICATIONS

 Magnetic levitated trains

 Flying cars or personal rapid transit

 Launching rockets

 Magnetic bearings

 Maglev elevator

 Maglev washing machine

V. CONCLUSION

This paper will discuss the wind energy harvesting by using MAGLEV wind mill. In this we are using ring and disk magnets for excitation of the coil. this is completely depends on Faraday's laws of Electromagnetic induction.

At the end of the project, the magnetically levitated vertical axis wind turbine was a success. The rotors that were designed harnessed enough air to rotate at low and high wind speeds while keeping the centre of mass closer to the base yielding stability. The wind turbine rotor levitated properly using permanent magnets, which allowed for a smooth rotation with negligible friction.

REFERENCES

[1] Dinesh N NagarkarandDr. Z. J. Khan,”Wind Power Plant Using Magnetic Levitation Wind Turbine”, International-Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 3, Issue1, July 2013.

[2] Liu Shuqin,” Magnetic Suspension and Self-pitch for Ver-tical-axis Wind Turbines”, ISBN:http://www.intechopen.com/books/fundam ental-and-advanced-topics-in-wind-

power/magnetic-suspensionand-self-pitch-for- vertical-axis-wind-turbines.2011.

[3] MagLev Wind Turbine Technologies, Inc.

(MWTT) & Off Grid Technologies, Inc. (OGT),”

Vertical Axis Wind Turbine 200 Mega Watt off Shore Wind Farm (VAWT Off Shore JV)-City of Evanston, Illinois Lake Michigan Project”.

[4] M. A. Mueller and A. S. McDonald,” A lightweight low speed permanent magnet electrical generator for direct-drive wind turbines”, Institute for Energy Systems, Institute for Energy Systems, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK.

[5] Vishal D Dhareppgoal and Maheshwari M Kona- gutti,” REGENEDYNE Maglev Wind Power Gen-eration”, SARC-IRAJ International Conference, 16th June 2013, Pune, India, ISBN:

978-81-92747-8-3.

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