Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Lecture 2: Administration and
Supervision: meaning, definition and
scope
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Administration:
Meaning: Administration is referenced from a Latin word ‘ministiare’, meaning to serve people. In extension context administration indicates public administration, it is an important discipline that involves process to execute the policy of government.
Definition: According to Theo Haimann, “Administration means overall determination of policies, setting of major objectives, the identification of general purposes and laying down of broad programmes and projects”. It refers to the activities of higher level. It lays down basic principles of the enterprise. According to Newman, “Administration means guidance, leadership & control of the efforts of the groups towards some common goals”.
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Project management
Finance
Developing budgets
Performing cost reduction research
Handling accounts receivable/payable
Human resources
Recruiting and training Employees
Processing payroll
Reporting on employee performance
Office and facilities management
Clerical tasks
Writing contracts
Using database systems
Depending on the organisation, administrative managers may be
involved in a variety of responsibilities such as:
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
The difference between Management and Administration can be summarized under 2 categories:
Basis Management Administration
Meaning
Management is an art of getting things done through others by directing their efforts towards achievement of pre-
determined goals.
It is concerned with formulation of broad objectives, plans &
policies.
Nature Management is an executing function. Administration is a decision-making function.
Process Management decides who should as it
& how should he dot it.
Administration decides what is to be done & when it is to be done.
Function Management is a doing function because managers get work done under
their supervision.
Administration is a thinking function because plans & policies are determined
under it.
Skills Technical and Human skills Conceptual and Human skills
Level Middle & lower level function Top level function
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Administration is a Part of Management:
Administration is that part of management which is concerned with the installation and carrying out of the procedures by which the programme is laid down and communicated and the progress of activities is regulated and checked against plans.
Administration is Different from Management Administration is a Part of Management:
Administration and Management are one
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Scope of Public Administration
Scope of Public Administration consists of important views and perspectives introduced by man named L.D. White, the traditional perspective of public administration by Gullick and scientific management by Frederick Taylor in 1980. Important types of public administration models, include classical public administration, post-modern public administration, Bureaucracy, and neo- classical public administration.
1. POSDCORB perspective 2. Broad perspective
3. Administrative theory
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Basic principle of Public Administration
1. Principle of hierarchy
2. Principle of authority
3. Principle of responsibility with matching authority 4. Principle of span of control:
5. Principe of communication
6. Principle of organizational structure
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Supervision:
Meaning:
Supervision is a Latin Word. Super means ‘from the above’ and vision means ‘to see’. In ordinary sense of the term, supervision means overseeing the activities of others
Definition:
According to Toft Hartley Act, 1947 (USA), ‘Supervisors are those having authority to exercise independent judgement in hiring, discharging, disciplining, rewarding and taking other actions of a similar nature with respect to employees’.
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Nature of Supervision
1. Supervision is a creative and dynamic expert technical service.
2. It provides leadership with expert knowledge & superior skills.
3. It promotes cooperative educational effort in a friendly atmosphere.
4. It gives coordination, direction and guidance to teachers’
activities.
5. It stimulates the continuous growth of teachers and development of pupils.
6. It improves instruction and the teaching learning process.
Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
Scope
The scope of educational supervision extends to all the areas of educational activity with the larger purpose of improving the product of education through the upgrading of the quality of instruction and other school practices. “Education is now conceived as a powerful social force for the development of personality and the values of the democratic social order. Democratic philosophy extends the scope of supervision to the ultimate goals and values of education determined democratically through the participation of all the people concerned with the educative process. Democracy requires supervision should he made more and more participatory and cooperative.
