ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING
Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE
Vol. 06, Special Issue 01, (IC-RCOVID19) April 2021 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 108 BIO-FERTILIZER: AN ECO-FRIENDLY TOOL TO REPLACE THE USE OF CHEMICAL
FERTILIZERS
Anshu Pal1 and Vishram Singh Pal2*
1Assistant Professor, School of Agriculture, Renaissance University, Indore
2Head of Department, School of Agriculture, Renaissance University, Indore
The formed from micro-organisms and used as low cost, eco-friendly and renewable source of plant nutrients. It produces plant nutrients like Nitrogen and Phosphorous through microbial activity inside the soil and make available to plant in gradual manner.
1 WHY IT IS BETTER SUBSTITUTES THAN CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS?
Use of chemical fertilizer has various side effects in agriculture like disturbance in soil reaction, it creates nutrients imbalance in plants increases susceptibility to disease and pests reduces microbial activity inside the soil and causes water and soil pollution. So the use of bio-fertilizers is the better alternative to this problem because it supplies plants nutrients in an integrated manner.
1.1 Types of Bio-fertilizers-
Bio-fertilizers are broadly classified as a) Nitrogenous bio-fertilizers b) Organic matter decomposers c) Phosphatic bio-fertilizers 1.2 Ways of Application-
There are 4 different ways for application of bio-fertilizers.
1. Seed treatment 2. Seedling treatment 3. Soil application 4. Set treatment 1.3 Seed Treatment
Among all the different ways of application of bio-fertilizer Seed treatment is the most common in cereals, oil seeds, and Pulses. About 200 g is sufficient to treat 10-12 kg seeds.
1.4 Protocol
1. 10-12 kg of seeds required for sowing 1 acre of land is spread on clean floor.
2. Now, prepare culture suspension of bio-fertilizer in the ratio of 1: 2.
(1pkt of bio-fertilizer contain 200g of bio-fertilizer) 2 SEEDLING TREATMENT
This method of bio-fertilizer application is recommended for crops like paddy, tomato, onion and cauliflower.
2.1 Protocol
1. Prepare the culture in the form of suspension by mixing 1kg culture in 15 litres of water.
2. Dip the small bundles of seedlings from the root portion into the suspension for 30 minutes and then transplant the seedlings.
3. The ratio of culture to that of water should be 1: 10.
2.2 Soil Application
It is recommended during field preparation. The bio-fertiliser is broadcasted in the field along with cattle manure
For short duration crops 15 packets are mixed with cattle manure in 1 acre.
For long duration crops 20-30 packets of bio- fertiliser is mixed with 120 kg cattle manure/ acre.
ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING
Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE
Vol. 06, Special Issue 01, (IC-RCOVID19) April 2021 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 109 2.3 Set Method
It is recommended exclusively for sugarcane, Potato and Banana suckers. The suspension culture is prepared by dissolving 1 kg bio-fertiliser in 50 litres of water. The cut pieces of sugarcane is dipped in the suspension for 30 min and then dried in shady area before planting.
3 ECONOMIC UTILITY OF BIO- FERTILIZER
1. It helps to save 50 kg of in organic nitrogen in I hectare area.
2. One ton of BGA is equal to 2 tons of in- organic Nitrogen.
3. One ton of Phosphate solubilizers are equivalent to 24 tons of phosphorus.
4 EXAMPLES OF SOME COMMON MICRO-ORGANISMS WHICH ARE USED AS BIO- FERTILIZERS
S. No. Name of micro-
organisms Function Crops
1. Rhizobium bacteria (It works in symbiotic association with leguminous crops)
It can fix 30-60 kg N /Ha.
Maintain the soil fertility &
increases yield by 30%
All pulses
2. BGA ( Blue Green Algae, It is Cynobacteria
It fixes 20-30 kg N /ha in submerged rice field.
It helps in the production of
growth promoting
substances like Auxins, GA3.
Paddy
3. Azotobacter It supplied 20 kg N/ ha It also helps in production of PGR like IAA, GA3.
It also helps in controlling plant diseases.
Mustard, Sugarcane, Papaya, Banana,
Watermelon & plantation crops
4. Azospirillum It fixes 20-40 kg N /ha It helps in good growth &
increases water and water uptake.
Wheat, Jowar, Sugarcane, bajra etc.
5. Azolla It is used as green manure &
fixes 40-60 kg N /ha Paddy
