Vol. 04, Issue 07, July 2019 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WATER OF HATHITAL AND SUPATAL LAKE WITH
QUALITY ASSESSMENT
1Satiesh Kumar Chouksey, 2Mohan Kumar Shakya
1Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engg. SVNU Sagar,
2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engg. SVNU Sagar,
Abstract:- As we know that the life cannot be imagined without water, Water quality in lake frameworks is significant in light of the fact that it keeps up the environmental procedures that help biodiversity. Due to environmental changes like global temperature, biodiversity, deforestation, colonization etc. most of lakes in Jabalpur city are dried or on the way to deform. For better living environment or life sustainable environment good water quality resources are must be examined time to time. At a time Jabalpur was the city containing 52 lakes; however at present 13 of them are totally dried up, whereas rest are in a dying condition. Moreover the city’s drinking water supply is mainly limited to Khandari Lake and Narmada River. Also as we are living in a time where water is the most important asset to our society, this thesis work is associated with the problems identifications and water quality assessments in usage of water of these lakes.
Keywords:- Environment Pollution, Water Pollution, Water quality, Remedies IS: 10500, pH, hardness, total solids, total suspended solids, residual chlorine, alkalinity, turbidity, BOD, dissolved oxygen, chloride.
1. INTRODUCTION
First lake is Hathital Lake located near Madan Mahal railway station Jabalpur, at N.H.7 (23°09’15”N, 79°55’20”E) having an area of about 24000m2. Second lake is Supatal Lake located near Tripuri Chowk Jabalpur, Also at N.H.7 (23°09’18”N, 79°53’51”E) having an area of about 4000m2. These lakes was at a time prime source for water usage such as bathing and other non consumptive purposes. But in current condition the lake is covered up with aquatic plants and algae. the study, i.e., status of water quality as well as information on the trends of deterioration and their application in the restricting of pollutants in water.
A discussion on the current thinking about the water quality for rural people has also been incorporated. The most common and wide spread threat associated with water is contamination, either directly or indirectly, by sewage, by
other wastes or by human or animal excrement. If such contamination is recent, and if among the contributors, there are carriers of communicable enteric diseases, some of the living casual agents may be present.
Vol. 04, Issue 07, July 2019 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
In 2011 Anshu Srivastavaet. al summarized multiple parameters of water test results into simple terms for management and decision makers. The main goal of the present study was to access the impact of urban and industrial activities or the water quality of Ramganga Riverat Moradabad. For this, Ramganga river water samples were collected from six different locations along the route of Ramganga river main steamline and its branch and were analyzed for temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC),turbidity,total solids, total dissolved solids (TDS),total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total hardness (TH), calcium, magnesium, chloride, alkalinity, acidity levels at pre- monsoon period and post-monsoon period following standard methods of sampling and testing.
In 2018 Trinath Biswal et.all discussed about Water Quality Analysis of the Steel City, Rourkela (Odisha) It is one of the most essential and important commodities required for a healthy society. In this paper, an attempt was taken to evaluate the water quality for both surface water and ground water in and around Rourkela, the Steel City of Orissa. The evaluation involves the study of meteorology, hydrogeology, demography and analysis of physico-chemical parameters. In January 2010 M.H. Abdo et all Physico-Chemical Characteristics, Microbial Assessment and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria of Ismailia Canal Water, River Nile, Egypt In 2010 Ashok K. Agarwal and Govind S.
Rajwar Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Study of Tehri Dam Reservoir, Garhwal Himalaya, India the study presents physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the water of Tehri dam reservoir in the Garhwal Himalaya of India were determined during June 2003 through May 2005 when the reservoir was under construction, and was 5 km long and 40 m deep having an area of 2.2 sq km, and is located at 30º23' N latitude, 78º 29'E longitude and 635 m altitude at monthly intervals during June 2003 through May 2005 with an objective to estimate the impact of the reservoir on various
physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the water.
Total solids, total suspended solids, total solids, turbidity and sulphate values were maximum on all the sites in rainy months, which may be due to the gradual disturbances in sedimentation of solids as well as dust particles deposited along with runoff rainwater. The alkalinity varied during different months. In 2013 Shweta Tyagi, et al. presents Water Quality Assessment in Terms of Water Quality Index, Water quality index (WQI) is valuable and unique rating to depict the overall water quality status in a single term that is helpful for the selection of appropriate treatment technique to meet the concerned issues. However, WQI depicts the composite influence of different water quality parameters and communicates water quality information to the public and legislative decision makers.
In spite of absence of a globally accepted composite index of water quality, some countries have used and are using aggregated water quality data in the development of water quality indices.
Attempts have been made to review the WQI criteria for the appropriateness of drinking water sources. Besides, the present article also highlights and draws attention towards the development of a new and globally accepted “Water Quality Index” in a simplified format, which may be used at large and could represent the reliable picture of water quality. In Dec2012 Bhuvana Jagadeeswari et al.
presents Water Quality Index For Assessment Of Water Quality In South Chennai Coastal Aquifer, Tamil Nadu, India The objective of an index is to turn complex water quality data into information that is understandable and useable by the public.
Twenty two groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for the physico-chemical parameters during pre- monsoon (August, 2011) and post- monsoon (January, 2012) seasons. Ten most important parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids(TDS), total hardness(TH), calcium(Ca2+), magnesium(Mg2+), sodium(Na+), bicarbonate(HCO3), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-) and nitrate (NO3-) were taken for the calculation of WQI. The WQI values of South Chennai coastal aquifer
Vol. 04, Issue 07, July 2019 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE ranged from36.85 to 302.46 in pre-
monsoon season and from 32.74 to 262.54 in post-monsoon season.
2.1 Problem Statement
At modern the conditions of most of the lakes is worrying. Not one of the lakes are match for use as supply for consuming water or even they require a completely high diploma of treatment. Once in a while there were efforts to restore the beauty of the town – its lakes. However the efforts have no longer proved to be fruitful or long lasting in any of the instances. So with instances developing to be extra difficult day by day. The main pollution sources of both the lakes are garbage and human wastes.
On investigation it is found that both are unfit for any use without heavy treatment. Here the main pollution source is the religious waste which people dumps in the lake, and storm runoff. Here also aquatic plants are present that poses the serious problems related to oxygen deficiency, which makes the water unfit for daily use. Also the water here is highly turbid because of bathing and the drowning of idols.
3. METHODOLOGY
The basic methodology to evaluate water quality parameters are utilized by the sampling of water in different weather
conditions. Different test are applied to examine necessary water quality parameters to utilize in daily life like Temperature, pH value, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, Total Hardness, Alkalinity, Chloride, color and odor. Besides the laboratory based test, the main pollution causes and their effects are identified by time to time inspection of lakes.
4. RESULTS 1. Temperature
High temperature signifies the expansion in organic action. For each 10°C increment in temperature the rate of natural movement pairs. Anyway the temperature of water from both of the lakes is well inside outlines.
Hathital – Average 31.4°C
Supatal – Average 32.2°C 2. pH
According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) expending too much acidic or basic water is destructive. Drinking water must have a pH estimation of 6.5- 8.5 to fall inside EPA guidelines, and they further note that even inside the adequate pH go, marginally high-or low-pH water can be unappealing for a few reasons.
High-pH water has a tricky vibe, tastes somewhat like heating soft drink, and may leave stores on apparatuses, as per the EPA site. Low-pH water, then again, may have an unpleasant or metallic taste, and may add to apparatus consumption.
Draining of substantial metals causes a domino impact that can affect the gastrointestinal framework.
Overexposure to zinc from eroded channels can cause queasiness, heaving or loose bowels. Over ingestion of copper results the equivalent. These impacts are not constrained to substantial metals;
high pH levels lead to comparable
Vol. 04, Issue 07, July 2019 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE illnesses in delicate people. The pH of
both the lakes is antacid and somewhat higher from the given guidelines.
Hathital – Average 8.75
Supatal – Average 8.63 3. Turbidity
Turbidity is the darkness or murkiness of a liquid brought about by enormous quantities of individual particles that are commonly undetectable to the unaided eye, like smoke in air. The estimation of turbidity is a key trial of water quality.
Turbid water gives unaesthetic appearance and is hurtful on the off chance that it contains follow components or different synthetic substances. The turbidity of both the lakes was past Indian Standards.
Hathital – Average 13.5 NTU
Supatal – Average 13.75 NTU 4. Total Dissolved Solids
TDS is a proportion of all the joined substance of all inorganic and natural substances contained in a fluid in atomic, ionized or miniaturized scale granular (colloidal sol) suspended structure. For the most part the operational definition is that the solids must be little enough to endure filtration through a channel with two-micrometer (ostensible size or littler)
pores. All out broke down solids are ordinarily examined distinctly for freshwater frameworks, as saltiness incorporates a portion of the particles comprising the meaning of TDS. The TDS levels of both the lakes were in cutoff points.
Hathital – Average 487 mg/l
Supatal – Average 480 mg/l 5. Dissolved Oxygen
Broken down oxygen alludes to the degree of free, non-compound oxygen present in water or different fluids. It is a significant parameter in surveying water quality in light of its impact on the living beings living inside a waterway. The DO levels of both the lakes close about the Indian benchmarks.
Hathital – Average 5.63 mg/l
Supatal – Average 6.15 mg/l 6. Hardness
It is expected principally to the nearness of particles of calcium and magnesium in water. Hardness is communicated as far as calcium carbonate (CaC03). Water with less than75 milligrams per liter (mg/l) is viewed as delicate, 76-150 mg/l reasonably hard, or more 150 mg/l, hard water. The water of both the lakes was hard however inside the measures given by IS 10500.
Hathital – Average 160 mg/l as CaCO3
Supatal – Average 146 mg/l as CaCO3
7. Alkalinity
Alkalinity is a proportion of the limit of water to kill acids or hydrogen particles.
Alkalinity can now and then be refereed as "Carbonate hardness". Alkalinity goes about as a cradle if any progressions are made to the water's pH esteem. The
Vol. 04, Issue 07, July 2019 Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE Alkalinity in the water will help keep the
water's pH balanced out. The drinking water and all water ought to be a pH of 7 implying that it's unbiased. The alkalinity of both the waters was inside cutoff points Hathital – Average 79.5 mg/l
Supatal – Average 77.5 mg/l 8. Chloride
Chloride expands the electrical conductivity of water and along these lines builds its destructiveness. In metal funnels, chloride responds with metal particles to frame solvent salts, along these lines expanding levels of metals in drinking-water. In lead pipes, a defensive oxide layer is developed, yet chloride upgrades galvanic erosion. It can likewise build the rate of setting consumption of metal funnels. The chloride levels of both the lakes were inside points of confinement.
Hathital – Average 16.36 mg/l
Supatal – Average 15.83 mg/l 9. Iron
Albeit present in drinking water, iron is only from time to time found at focuses more prominent than 10 milligrams for every liter (mg/L) or 10 sections for every million. Nearness of iron can make water turn a rosy darker shading. Convergences of iron as low as 0.3 mg/L will leave ruddy dark colored stains on installations, silverware and clothing that is difficult to evacuate. The convergence of iron in both of the lakes were marginally over the farthest point Hathital – Average 0.5 mg/l Supatal – Average 0.4 mg/l.
10. Fluoride
Fluoride helps in diminishing the tooth rot. High centralizations of Fluoride can cause dental fluorosis. The centralizations of Fluoride in Both the lakes were underneath as far as possible.
Hathital – Average 0.1 mg/l
Supatal – Average 0.2 mg/l 5. CONCLUSION
The outcomes found in the wake of playing out the testing strategies in water tests gathered from the Hathital and Supatal Lake gives us a reasonable thought regarding the water nature of both the lakes. Their examination gives us the information required for the evaluation of the water tests whether they
are helpful or not and for what purposes they can be utilized with or without treatment. The main causes of water pollution are (temples waste) that’s why dourness of water increases, waste water of colonization surrounding the lakes, silt formation from a long time reducing catch mate area. Both lakes needs renovation and desilting deeply.
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