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ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING

Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal IMPACT FACTOR: 2.104(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) ISSN-2456-1037

Vol.04,Special Issue 04, ²^nd Conference (ICIRSTM) April 2019, Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE

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A COMPARATIVE STUDYOF SDLC MODELS Rashmi Saini

M.Tech Student, Mody University, Lakshmangarh, Sikar, Rajasthan Nidhi Pandey

M.Tech Student, Mody University, Lakshmangarh, Sikar,Rajasthan Dr.Sanjeev Patwa

SET, Mody University, Lakshmangarh, Sikar,Rajasthan

Abstract - Computer plays a vital role in our life. We can compute complex problems accurately using computer in very short period of time without any error. Computer is used in industry, transportation, medicine, education, banking sectors etc. To perform task in these area we require different software according to our requirements to get desire result.

These software perform different task depending on their specialty and developer design those software using SDLC models and these models give us direction regarding development of software that will be discuss here in this paper and we will also compare such models with their advantage and disadvantage. The main aim of software engineering is to generate acceptable work that creates programs of high quality.

Keywords-SDLC models, Spiral model, Waterfall model, Prototype model.

I. INTRODUCTION

There are several models in software development life cycle(SDLC) by which we can develop software in organized and systematic form. Software development life cycle (SDLC) models help in developing software that will increase standard and quality of your software project and by following systematic manner you can predict your completion time, cost and complete your project before deadline. All the software models has their own phases on which they work and each models has its own pros and cons which is independent to any other model. There can be more than one model which can fit into the requirement of

client but it depend on developer that he choose which model for developing software. These models are nothing but the set of activity that should be perform together one after another to get the result which satisfy or fulfill the requirement of client. The next activity should start after the completion of previous activity because sometimes next activity depends on the output of previous activity here activity is set of task that is to be performing. It is found that companies which use these SDLC models for developing software has better results compare to those which do not use these models.

Fig.1.Concept of Software Engineering II. PHASES INVOLVED IN SDLC MODEL

Problem solvingactivity in software consists of:

1. Understanding the problem (Specification)

2. Deciding the plan for a solution (Design)

3. Coding the plan solution (Validation)

4. Testing the actual program (Evolution)

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2 III. SPIRAL MODEL

In spiral model, the development team starts with a small set of requirements and then goes through each development phase for those set of requirements. Also, the team will add functionality for

additional requirements in ever-increasing

“spirals” until the application is ready for the installation and maintenance phase.

In this model, each iteration prior to the production version is called a prototype of the application [1, 2, 3, 4].

Fig.2 Spiral Model[6]

IV. WATERFALL MODEL

This model is simple and used when developer is fully aware of the requirement of client. In this model direct communication between developer and client take place and when the completion of one activity is done then proceed to

next activity and in this model there will be no scope of going back and rectify. All testing and modification should be done in the same phase. This model is used when quality concern is more than cost and schedule.

Fig.3 Waterfall Model [7]

V. PROTOTYPE MODEL

In this model developer build a prototype according to his understanding of requirements. By operating on prototype, client can feel the actual system and if

modification is needed in project he can interact with developer and modification is done at any phase.This model is best when customer requirement is changing rapidly.

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Fig.4 Prototype Model [8]

Table 1: Comparison of SDLC Models (Spiral, Waterfall, Prototype model) [5]

Features Spiral Waterfall Prototype

Requirement specification Beginning Beginning Beginning(may change )

Simplicity Intermediate Simple Intermediate

Prototype No No Yes

Cost Expensive Low Expensive

Risk involvement Low High Low

User involvement High Only at

beginning At every step

Flexibility Flexible Rigid Flexible

Maintenance Typical Least Medium

Duration Long Long Long

Supporting high risk

projects Appropriate Inappropriate Appropriate

Expertise High High Medium

Guarantee of Success High Less High

VI. CONCLUSION

Paper concluded that there exist many SDLC models for developing software and here we discussed three models of SDLC such as waterfall, spiral and prototype model. All models have their own advantages and disadvantages butpaper compare these models on basics of certain features such as requirement, cost, maintenance, and duration etc. Waterfall, Spiral and Prototype models have some shared properties but some properties overcome the disadvantages of other models. Developer can choose model on the basis of certain features such as client involvement, risk, cost and requirement specification etc. Waterfall and Spiral Model are commonly used in developing

system in industry. It is very important to choose the correct model and for that we should know SDLC models and this study providesa platform for selecting correct model.

References

1. N. Munassar and A. Govardhan, “A Comparison Between Five Models Of Software Engineering”, IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, vol. 7, no. 5, 2010.

2. Ian Sommerville, Software Engineering, Addison Wesley, 9th ed., 2010.

3. Jim Hurst, “Comparing Software Development Life Cycles,” SANNS Software Security, 2014.

4. Sanjana Taya and Shaveta Gupta,

“Comparative Analysis of Software Development Life Cycle Models”, IJCST Vol. 2, Issue 4, Oct . - Dec. 2011.

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5. Apoorva Mishra and

DeeptyDubey,“Comparative study of different software development life cycle models in different scenarios”,International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, Vol. 1, Issue 5, October 2013.

6. Ian Sommerville, "Software Engineering", Addison Wesley, 7th edition, 2004.

7. http://testingfreak.com/waterfall-model- software-testing-advantages-disadvantages- waterfall-model.

8. http://manualtestinglearn.blogspot.com/201 5/05/prototype-model-sdlc.html.