ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037
Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE
Vol. 07, Issue 04, April 2022 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 41 REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM
Shriyansh Agrawal, Satyam Sen, Varun Satiyogi, Navaldeep Singh, Vinod Kumar Jaiswal, V. Rishab Kumar
Ajenkiya Phatak, (Guide)
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gyanganga Institute of Technology and Sciences Abstract - Regenerative Braking System is the way of slowing vehicle by using the motors as brakes. Instead of the surplus energy of the vehicle being wasted as unwanted heat, the motors act as generators and return some of it to the overhead wires as electricity.
The vehicle is primarily powered from the electrical energy generated from the generator, which burns gasoline. This energy is stored in a larger battery and used by an electric motor that provides motive force to the wheel. The regenerative braking taking place on the vehicle is a way to obtain more efficiency instead of converting kinetic energy to thermal energy through frictional braking, the vehicle can covert a good fraction of its kinetic energy back into charge in the battery using the same principle as an alternator.
1 INTRODUCTION
In traditional braking system brakes are the machine element, and its principal object is to absorb energy during deacceleration. In vehicle brakes are used to absorb kinetic energy. By connecting the moving member to stationary frame, normally brake converts kinetic energy to heat energy. This causes wastage of energy and wearing of frictional lining material.
A regenerative brakes is an energy recovery mechanism which slows a vehicle or object down by converting its kinetic energy into electric energy, which can be either used immediately or stored until needed.
2 OBJECTIVE
Regenerative Braking System aim to recover, store and reuse some of the vehicle’s braking energy to improve fuel efficiency or boost the range of electric and hybrid vehicle.
In regenerative braking system the energy which was normally lost in the braking process is transferred to the generator from the rotating axel and then transferred to the battery, thus saving energy.
For now this system is used in EV cars but we have planned this system for two wheelers EV’s. In future it could be used in E bicycle also.
3 OUR PROGRESS
4 DIMENSIONS AND COMPONENTS COMPONENTS DIMENSIONS
Disc 12-inch diameter Motor 12 volt
2 Regenerative Motor 200 rpm, 12 volts Frame 18x18x18 inch
Battery 7.2 Amp Arduino board 3.5x4 inch LCD Screen 16x3 cm
Driving Belt 13 inch approx.
Shaft 20 inch
Estimated cost of project is Rs 18,000 approx.
5 METHODOLOGY
Regenerative braking is based on the principle of physics that states that energy cannot be destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another. In a traditional braking system, pressing on the brake pedal causes a pair of brake pads in each wheel to come into contact with the surface of a brake rotor which generates the kinetic energy into heat. Further this heat is exposed to atmosphere which is destroyed.
ACCENT JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ECOLOGY & ENGINEERING Peer Reviewed and Refereed Journal, ISSN NO. 2456-1037
Available Online: www.ajeee.co.in/index.php/AJEEE
Vol. 07, Issue 04, April 2022 IMPACT FACTOR: 7.98 (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL) 42 In regenerative braking mode, it uses the
motor to slow down the car when the driver applies force to the brake pedal then the electric motor works in reverse direction thus slowing the car.
While running backwards, the motor acts as the generator and recharge the batteries which is further used to increase the range of the vehicle and thus prevent recharging the vehicle repeatedly.
Vehicles driven by electric motors use the motors as a generator when using regenerative braking.
It is operated as generator during braking and its output is supplied to an electric load the transfer of energy to the load provides the braking effect.
Many modern hybrid and electric vehicle use this technique to extend the range of the battery pack.
6 RESULT
Experiment tests shows that the regenerative braking system seems to offer the most promising technology.
The result from some of the test conducted show that around 50% - 70%
of the energy delivered can be recovered by the system.
Problems are expected as any new technology is to be perfected, but few future technology have more potential for
improving vehicle efficiency than does regenerative braking.
7 CONCLUSION
Regenerative braking is an effective method of improving vehicle efficiency and longevity.
Best use can be seen in city traffic as more brakes are applied at low speed.
Hence, the stronger the brake the more power is generated.
It helps to cut down the pollution related to electricity generation through power plants. As by regeneration the battery gets recharge by itself.
8 FUTURE SCOPE
Regenerative braking system require further research to develop a better system that captures more energy and stop faster.
As time passes designer and engineers will perfect regenerative systems to become more and more common in compact way.
Future technologies in regenerative brakes will include new types of motors which will be more efficient as generator, new drive train design which will be built with regenerative braking in mind , and electric systems which will be less prone to energy losses.
It would be designed in more compact way for small vehicles (such as bikes and scooty) and big ones with more strength as it could be used in trains and heavy vehicles.
REFERANCE
1. Cibulka, J. Kinetic energy recovery system by means of flywheel energy storage Advanced engineering 3(2009)1, ISSN 1846-5900 2. Hewko L. O; “Automotive traction drive CVTs
– An overview”
3. Juan W. Dixon, Micah Ortúzar and Eduardo Wiechmann, “Regenerative Braking for an Electric Vehicle Using Ultracapacitors and a Buck-Boost Converter”
4. Chris Brockbank, BSc (Hons) “Development of Full-Toroidal Traction Drives in Flywheel Based Mechanical Hybrids”.
5. Ziqiang CHEN, Jiaxi QIANG, Jianhui HE, Lin YANG “Intelligent Regenerative Braking Control of Hybrid Buses”
