Masahiko Hara
Tokyo Institute of Technology and ELSI [email protected]
Experimental Challenges
to Connect the Dots Looking Backwards
Experimental Challenges to bridge over
Histories of the Earth and Life
1． Background�
what we have done�
2． Missing Link�
what we will do�
3． Design for Experimental System�
what we are preparing �
Experimental Challenges to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
Background: Who am I ?
1985 RIKEN Frontier Research System 2003 Tokyo Tech
Self-‐Assembly Nanotechnology Material Science
Biointerface
Background: Who am I ?
1985 RIKEN Frontier Research System 2003 Tokyo Tech
Self-‐Assembly Nanotechnology Material Science
Biointerface
Interface studies of organic and inorganic materials by dry and wet processes
bio-molecules on solid substrates
STM images from disordered to ordered molecular anchoring structures on MoS2
STM images of self-assembled monolayers on MoS2
Direct Visualization of Self-Assembly Process on Metal Substrate
chemisorp9on physisorp9on
Q-‐Mass GC-‐Mass TDS
STM AFM, XPS, SPR, QCM etc.
MBE
Self-‐Assembly
Chemical Reactions at Surfaces
Ertl (2007)
missing row
B A
B
gold atom alkanethiolate
A
NN
NNN NN
NNN
(c) (d)
(a) (b)
25 nm 15 nm
1 nm
HREELS for S-‐Au Bound State
Self-Assembly Process and Multiplicity of Adsorption States
168 166 164 162 160 158
Intensity / arb. units
Binding Energy / eV
50 100 150 200 250 300 350
0.00E+000 1.00E-012 2.00E-012 3.00E-012
Intensity / A
Temperature / oC
C16SH SAM 225 (R) 257 (R-S) 258 (R-SH) 514 515 (R-SS-R)
Angle-‐Resolved XPS
Thermal Desorp9on Spectroscopy
Self-Assembly Process and Multiplicity of Adsorption States
1． Background�
what we have done�
2． Missing Link�
what we will do�
3． Design for Experimental System�
what we are preparing �
Experimental Challenges to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
Chemical Evolution Evolution of Life
Histories of the Earth Biochemistry
Missing Link
Birth of Commonote Origin of Life
Chemical Evolution Experiments with Early Earth Materials
Q8. What could be Catalyst on Early Earth ?
Histories of the Earth Catalyst Chemistry
Anorthosite
Early Earth Rocks Early Earth Elements
Chemical Reac9ons
Porous Cement Ruthenium NPs
Hosono (2012) Early Earth Environment
Q8. What could be Catalyst on Early Earth ?
Histories of the Earth Catalyst Chemistry
Anorthosite
Early Earth Rocks Early Earth Elements
Chemical Reac9ons
Porous Cement Ruthenium NPs
Hosono (2012) Early Earth Environment
Q8. What could be Catalyst on Early Earth ?
Histories of the Earth Catalyst Chemistry
Anorthosite
Early Earth Rocks Early Earth Elements
Chemical Reac9ons
Porous Cement Ruthenium NPs
Hosono (2012) Early Earth Environment
Elements Structures
and
Environment
chemisorp9on physisorp9on
Q-‐Mass GC-‐Mass TDS
STM AFM, XPS, SPR, QCM etc.
MBE
Self-‐Assembly
Chemical Reactions at Surfaces
Aika (1994)
1． Background�
what we have done�
2． Missing Link�
what we will do�
3． Design for Experimental System�
what we are preparing �
Experimental Challenges to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
地球史と生命史を結ぶ実験システム
Early Earth Environment and Origin-of-Life Experiment (2013)
微量分析システム
高温 低温
セパレータ他
気体 液体 固体
オートクレーブ
Laser Opticsフローリアクタ
トランスファベッセル
AXIMA-‐CFR Plus（島津）
質量範囲1〜500,000Da 他、分析支援センター装置 NanoSIMS-‐50L （Cameca） 50nm微量元素顕微（東大）
同位体顕微鏡（北大）
レーザーICPMS（京大）
他、共同利用機器
Direct Mass Analysis
Early Earth Reaction Ch
In situ Analysis Ch
導入装置 何が出来るか
Experimental System to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
high sensitive analysis
separator autoclave
flow reactor
transfer vessel
gas liquid solid
Origin-of-Life Reaction In-situ Characterization Early Earth Reaction + In-situ Spectroscopy
Nikkei Science (2009)
Okawa & Aono (2003)
Nikkei Science (2009) Kawai & Kim (2008)
Chemical Reactions at Surfaces
Another Missing Link for Exploring “Origin of Life”!
Experimental Approach to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
Anorthosite
KREEP (Potassium + Rare Earth Elements + Phosphorus) + UVC (200-280nm), UVB (280-340nm), UVA (340-400nm) and more…
Early-Earth Reaction Origin-of-Life Reaction
Experimental Approach to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
Key Approaches from Early-Earth to Origin-of-Life Reactions
> Replication of the Early-Earth Surface (Hydrothermal Conditions, UV Irradiation etc.) > Synthesis of Nutrients from the Early-Earth Hydrothermal Reactions of Rocks
> Synthesis of Biomolecules from Early-Earth Nutrients to Amino Acids, RNA and Protocell > Elucidation of Evolution Mechanism using Advanced Analytical Tools
Early-Earth Reaction Origin-of-Life Reaction
Experimental System to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
high sensitive analysis
low high
separator autoclave
flow reactor
transfer vessel
AXIMA-‐CFR Plus（島津）
質量範囲1〜500,000Da 他、分析支援センター装置 NanoSIMS-‐50L （Cameca） 50nm微量元素顕微（東大）
同位体顕微鏡（北大）
レーザーICPMS（京大）
他、共同利用機器
Origin-of-Life Reaction
gas liquid solid
Early Earth Reaction + In-situ Spectroscopy
Early Earth Elements and Origin-of-Life Experiment I
Beyond Haber-Bosch, Chemical Soup to Polymerization Reaction
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 ~
Origin-of-Life Experiment II
Reaction Substrates and RNA Formation
In-situ Characterization Origin-of-Life Experiment III
Membrane, Vesicles to Protocell Replication Implementation of
Real-Time Feedback Establishment of Experimental System
Chemical Evolution Experiments with Early Earth Materials Chemical Evolution Evolution of Life
Histories of the Earth Biochemistry
Missing Link
Birth of Commonote Origin of Life
Thank you for your attention.
Experimental System to bridge over Histories of the Earth and Life
Masahiko Hara
Tokyo Institute of Technology and ELSI [email protected]
Experimental Challenges
to Connect the Dots Looking Backwards
Experimental Challenges to bridge over
Histories of the Earth and Life
