북유럽 벽돌 건축물을 대상으로 경험을 고려한 구축, 그리고 그 구축물을 경험 함으로써 장소가 형성되는 것을 확인했다. 사용자를 건축 논의에 다시 포함하고 자 하는 구축과 장소 두 논의를 사용자의 경험을 통해서 같은 맥락으로 이해 한 것에서 먼저 의의를 찾을 수 있다. 이는 부분적으로 보면, 구축에서는 경험에 관 련된 사용자 측면이, 건축의 장소 논의에서는 더 구체적인 물질적 환경 측면으 로 확장된 논의의 시작점이 되는 것에 그 의미가 있다.
장소를 아주 중요하게 생각한 북유럽 건축가 지구르트 레베렌츠, 알바 알토, 스 베르 펜 세 건축가의 작품을 중심으로 보았기 때문에 일반화에 한계가 있을 수 있다. 먼저 현대 건축에서 빼놓을 수 없는 대형 건축물을 다루지 못했다는 점과 현대 건축이 벗어날 수 없는 규격화된 공장 생산 시스템을 반영하지 못한 점에 서 그 한계가 있다. 또한 벽돌은 가장 널리 사용되고 오래된 재료이지만 북유럽 은 그 중에서도 단연 지속적인 벽돌 사용의 역사를 가지고 있다. 재료 자체가 가진 장소의 감각을 생각하면 돌이나 나무를 더 많이 사용한 지역의 건축에 본 연구의 발견을 직접적으로 적용하는 데에는 어려움이 있다.
하지만 건축은 필연적으로 구축 과정을 포함한다는 것과 벽돌과 가장 성격이 비슷한 콘크리트가 여전히 현대 건축의 대표적인 건축 재료라는 점에서 충분히 의미를 찾을 수 있다. 벽돌이라는 재료적인 측면을 제외하면, 중요한 것은 경험 을 고려한 구축과 그 구축물을 경험하는 과정이 장소를 만든다는 것이다. 현대 건축을 대상으로 다른 재료를 사용한 구축에서 경험을 고려한 구축과 장소 형성 에 관한 후속 연구를 기대해본다.
참고문헌
단행본
Kenneth Frampton, 『Studies in Tectonic Culture』, MIT Press, 1995
Kenneth Frampton, Rappel A L'ordre: The case for the Tectonic in
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Edward Relph, 김덕현⦁김현주⦁심승희 역, 『PLACE AND PLACELESSNES S』, 논형
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학위논문
정인하, 『고트프리트 젬퍼와 칼 뵈티허의 텍토닉 개념 비교』, 건축역사연구, Vol.7 No.4, 1998
연속 간행물 및 학회지
김광현, “건축과 운동”, 『이상건축』, 2000
기타
Archium Hompage ( http://www.archium.co.kr/2012-khmeresque.html ) Sankt Petri Kyrka ( http://www.sanktpetrikyrka.se/ )
ALVAR AALTO MUSEO ( http://www.alvaraalto.fi/ )
A B S T R A C T
A Study on the Place Formation by Experience and Brick Construction
-Focused on the Brick Buildings of Sigurd Lewerentz, Alvar Aalto and Sverre Fehn-
Advised by Prof. Kim, Kwang-Hyun
An, Jonghoon Master Dissertation Department of Architecture The Graduate School of Seoul National University
The modern architectural theory, focusing on visual space, was reconsidered as CIAM diminished. Discussions of tectonic and place have received attention while leading discussions against the modern architectural theory. It is, however, not easy to develop a balanced discussion in the existing theoretical territory which is occupied by space theory in general. Tectonic discussion are more focused on making a meaning in material itself and its joint but have evaded debating formal aspects. Place discussion have concentrated on forming a new space concept based on experience, but have not developed the consideration of material as a physical environment of concrete life world and place formation by construction.
This study focuses on a man centered viewpoint of tectonic and place discussion which is different from the universal vision of architectural space theory. Differing from the concept of acknowledging the various social implications, this study attempts to review tectonic and place via the concept of a user in dwelling. Experience involving various user related concepts is discussed in the starting point and mentioned in the basis of tectonic and place discussion, however, is not the main topic of the studies. However, an analysis of tectonic and place together on the experience in one context is able to understand a place formation by construction making physical environment and experience of the environment.
Northern European architects in the early modern architectural period understood the concept of place and were near from the mainland Europe which was the field of modern architecture. Brick is one of the oldest material in architecture and is able to widen the lesson from the study as a stereotomic material like concrete which is the main material in contemporary architecture. For an in-depth study of the relation between construction and experience, experience is divided into three categories of an experience of using, an experience of sensing and an experience of meaning.
Architectural of Sigurd Lewerentz, Alvar Aalto and Sverre Fehn have its characters in terms of experience. Sigurd Lewerentz meticulously planed in details for supporting a experience of using. Alvar Aalto tried to construct an environment representing a experience of sensing. Sverre Fehn concentrated on constructing the meaning of water and fire in residential architecture into a physical environment. On the other hand, all the architects take advantage of thickness, depth and color of mortar joint.
The architects, moreover, reflect regional character by using a delicate light such as its direction, intensity of illumination and diffraction.
A way of construction considering experience, first of all, evoke an experience of using and make a sense of belonging by giving a character