▣ 아래는 설문조사 참여자의 인적 정보에 관한 내용입니다. 통계법(제3조와 제4조)에 의거하여 절 대 비밀이 보장되며, 통계분석 목적 이외에는 사용되지 않습니다.
D1. 귀하의 성별은 무엇입니까?
① 남 ② 여
D2. 귀하의 연령대는 어디에 속하십니까?
① 20대 ② 30대 ③ 40대
④ 50대 ⑤ 60대 이상
D3. 귀하께서 마을에 거주한 기간은 얼마입니까?
( )년
D4. 해당 마을에서 출생하셨습니까?
① 예 ② 아니오
D5. 귀하의 학력은 어디에 속하십니까?
① 초졸 ② 중졸 ③ 고졸
④ 대졸(재학 포함) ⑤ 대학원 이상(재학 포함)
D6. 귀하는 목장조합원이십니까?
① 예 ② 아니오
D7. 귀하의 직업은 무엇입니까?
① 농/임/어업 종사자
② 자영업자(소규모 장사, 개인택시운전사 등)
③ 판매/서비스직 (상점 점원, 보험설계사 등)
④ 기능/숙련공(트럭운전사, 전자제품 A/S 기술자 등)
⑤ 일반작업직(토목 관계의 현장작업 , 청소 등)
⑥ 사무/기술직(일반회사 사무직, 컴퓨터 프로그래머 등)
⑦ 경영/관리직(5급 이상 공무원, 교장, 기업체 부장 등)
⑧ 전문/자유직(의사, 약사, 변호사, 교수 등)
⑨ 학생
⑩ 전업주부
⑪ 무직
⑫ 기타( )
D8. 귀하 가족의 1년 평균 총 수입은 얼마입니까?
① 1000만 원 미만
② 1000~3000만 원 미만
③ 3000~5000만 원 미만
④ 5000~7000만 원 미만
⑤ 7000만 원 이상
* 설문에 응해주셔서 진심으로 감사드립니다.
Abstract
An Influence of the Benefit Sharing Mechanism to the Local Acceptance
and Environmental Awareness
A Case Study from Onshore Wind Farms in Jeju Island
Kyung Min Lee Environmental Management Major Departments of Environmental Planning The Graduate School of Environmental Studies Seoul National University
The Korean government has implemented Benefit Sharing Mechanism (BSM) to increase participation of local residents in the renewable energy-based projects. However, despite of the governmental supports, local residents opposed to the installation of renewable energy development projects in Republic of Korea, mostly
because of benefit distribution problems. Although the BSM is known to promote local acceptance and environmental awareness at the renewable energy development projects, no empirical study has been conducted to demonstrate an influence of the BSM to the local acceptance and environmental awareness until now.
Therefore, this study aims to analyze three villages which are different at types and levels of the BSM, especially focusing on the wind farms in Jeju island, and derive the policy implications for establishing Korean type of BSM. Based on the literature review, Samdal-ri, Gasi-ri, and Hangwon-ri villages were investigated. A total of 90 surveys were collected by the face-to-face surveys and in-depth interviews and analyzed by Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven interviewees including committee members of the village associations and local resident to find positive effects and obstacles of the BSM.
Based on an examination of the results, the paper concludes that the local acceptance has statistically significant difference, while the environmental awareness does not among three village. In particular, Gasi-ri, a village with benefit sharing type, and Hangwon-ri, a village with local ownership, had more high records at the local acceptance than Samdal-ri, a village without the BSM. Through the additional individual interviews, the result reaffirms that the BSM does not significantly influence on the formation of environmental awareness.
Otherwise, three positive effects were derived from in-depth interviews as followings: 1. The welfare of three village was improved by gaining more economic benefits after installing the wind
mills; 2. The electricity subsidy was the most effective type of the BSM which can be even implemented by not only wind power generators, but also village council; 3. A learning effect was occurred in case of the village which owns local ownership of the wind mill.
On the other hand, the four obstacles of the BSM were derived from interviews which can be summarized as followings: 1. In case of the village which share benefits to the local residents based on the status whether joining a village association, disparity between local residents was occurred in the same village; 2. It is difficult to estimate the amount of damage compensation which should be given by generator to the local residents; 3. A delay problem of compensation was occurred from the wind power generator, while the government had a sustainability problem; 4. Rural areas face difficulty to derive wind power development projects because of the lack of professional knowledge and technology.
Based on the results, this study suggests policy improvements to establish the Korean type of BSM as follows: 1. In order to implement the BSM in the field, the power generation company should include the sufficient amount of compensation into the land rent or the other types of funds, namely development fund. After that, the level of local acceptance of the residents to the wind power generation can be improved, even if the electricity subsidy is supported by the village council instead of power generation company; 2. The local ownership should be considered positively to be implemented in the future projects in terms of providing the residents a learning effect on benefit structure of the wind power generation and operationg knowhow; 3. The BSM enhances the local acceptance, while it does not raise environmental awareness.