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<Table 23> Distribution of participant characteristics (2010)
(Unit: %)
Item %
By academic background
High school graduate or lower 39.9 Polytech graduate/in school 21.6
College graduate/in school 38.5
By type
High school or lower-level school graduate who does
not go on to further schooling 33.6
Long-term jobseeker 55.4
At-risk youth 10.1
NEET 0.4 Others 0.5
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)
<Table 24> Participant characteristics distribution by organization type (2010)
(Unit: %)
High school or lower-level school graduate who does not go on to further
schooling
Long-term
jobseeker At-risk
youth/NEET Others
Private 42.0 48.7 8.4 0.9
Public 28.4 59.5 11.8 0.3
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)
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<Table 25> Course completion rate of the Youth New Start Project (2009)
Type Course completion ratio (%)
Sum 86.2 By academic
background
High school graduate or lower 79.1 Polytech graduate/in school 90.7 College graduate/in school 90.9
By type
High school or lower-level school graduate who does not go on to further
schooling 83.5
Long-term jobseeker 91.5
At-risk youth 65.5
NEET 87.3 Others 93.1
By private/public Private 87.1
Public 85.6
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)
The employment rate of the course completion group was 39.0%, which is higher than that of the non-completion group (14.5%). The time required to find a job for the completion group was approximately 45 days shorter than that of the non-completion group. For the course completion group, the proportion of the working period out of the period between program participation and survey is longer than that for the non-completion group. In addition, for the participants who have vocation training before and after joining the project, the wage increased from 1,192,000 won to 1,295,000 won on average (103,000 won increase) if the participant completed the training course. For the same participant group, the wage decreased by 14,000 won on average (from 1,129,000 won to 1,115,000 won) if the participant failed to complete the course.
<Table 26> Employment results of the Youth New Start Project (2009)
Course completion group Course non-completion group
Employment rate (%) 39.0 14.5
Average time period required to
find a job (day) 141.8 187.3
Average service period rate (The proportion of the working period from program participation
to survey)
0.51 0.34
Wage change before/after project participation (10,000 won)
+103,000 won
(from 1,192,000 won to 1,295,000 won on a monthly average)
-14,000 won
(from 1,129,000 won to 1,115,000 won on a monthly average)
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S; et al. (2010)
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The employment results of the completion group were better, when other conditions are controlled for (Ryu, J S et al., 2010). It was found that the course completion status significantly affects the employment status statistically in the Logit Model, taking the employment status as a dependent variable. It was also found that the completion group escapes from unemployment quicker in the Cox proportional hazard model. In addition, the dummy variable of course completion significantly affected the work period statistically in the regression analysis.
The results of the Youth New Start Project can also be checked through the survey for the 2009 project participants. When comparing the quality of employment before and after participating in the project for the participants who had a job both before and after project participation, it was found that the quality of employment after participating in the project improved to a large extent. Compared with the period before joining the project, the proportion of permanent jobs increased from 52.0% to 61.3%, whereas that of temporary jobs and day jobs decreased.
In addition, the proportion of workers whose working hours were between 30 and 50 increased from 44.2% to 52.9% after joining the project, whereas that of workers who worked less than 30 hours or more than 50 hours decreased. The proportion of five work-day workers increased sharply from 44.4% to 64.3%. The proportion of low-income workers (under one million won on a monthly average) also decreased from 24.4% to 17.2% after joining the project. The degree of consistency between job requirements and education level increased from 3.04 points to 3.22 points (on a 5-point scale), and the degree of consistency between job requirements and technical skill level also increased from 3.12 to 3.29 points.
Overall satisfaction with the job also increased sharply on a 5-point scale from 2.78 points to 3.21 points (on a 5-point scale).
<Table 27> Job characteristics comparison before and after joining the Youth New Start Project
Item Before participation After participation
Job position (%)
Permanent job 52.0 61.3
Temporary job 29.1 27.1
Day job 13.9 6.7
Others 4.9 5.0 Working hours per
week (%)
Under 30 hours 29.4 22.9
30 hours - under 50 hours 44.2 52.9
Over 50 hours 26.5 24.3
Work days per week (%)
Under 5 days 4.7 2.1
5 days 44.4 64.3
Over 6 days 50.7 33.5
Monthly average income
(%)
Under 1 million won 24.4 17.2
1 - 1.5 million won 46.4 46.8
1.5 - 2 million won 20.6 29.3
Over 2 million won 8.6 6.8
Consistency of job requirements (on a 5-point scale)
Consistency with the educational
level 3.04 3.22
Consistency with the technical
skill level 3.12 3.29
Satisfaction Overall satisfaction with the job
(workplace) 2.78 3.21
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)
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In addition, about 70% of the respondents expressed satisfaction in terms of program diversity and qualitative aspects. Half of the respondents replied that the program was helpful in helping them find a job that matched their capability and aptitude, and had the effect of improving their employment possibilities, as well as reducing the job-seeking period.
Only 10% replied that the program was not helpful for their efforts to find a job suitable for their competence and talents, and was ineffective in increasing their possibility of finding a job, claiming it also did not increase their possibility of reducing their job seeking period.
<Table 28> Satisfaction with the Youth New Start Project (2009)
(Unit: %)
Score (on a 5-
point scale) Not at all No Average Yes Very much Did the program
provide various
services? 3.75 2.0 2.8 24.6 59.5 11.2
Was the program’s
quality good enough? 3.73 1.7 5.3 23.7 56.4 12.8
Was the program helpful in finding the
job that meets your capability and
aptitude?
3.50 2.2 8.9 36.3 41.9 10.6
Was the program effective in increasing
your possibility of (re)employment?
3.58 3.1 6.4 33.5 43.3 13.7 Did the program
increase your possibility of shortening your job-
seeking period?
3.46 4.2 8.7 37.4 36.0 13.7
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)
Meanwhile, about 60% replied that the project was helpful in them finding a job. On the contrary, only 15% said otherwise.
Table 29 shows the employment results comparison between public and private agencies.
The females’employment rates of private organization programs were higher than those of public organizations, and the wage increase effects after employment were high. In particular, the good employment results of the private organizations are encouraging, considering that the proportion of the vulnerable younger generation was higher in the private sector, as described above.
However, the time required to get a job was longer among private organization participants.
There was no significant difference in the working period rate between private and public agencies. These aspects were confirmed by various analysis results, such as through a Logit Model, Cox proportional hazard model, and regression analysis model, when other conditions are controlled for.
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Table 30 shows the employment results by program phase. The employment results of the phase 1 participants are absolutely better than others. However, the reason could be the characteristics of the phase 1 participants. In other words, the participants had outstanding capabilities required for employment, and could challenge for employment when only phase 1 was completed. Considering the comparative perspective of non-completion groups, the employment results when phase 2 or 3 was completed are better than those only completed phase 1. In particular, when the participant completed all of the phases, the participant’s job employment results were far better than among the non-completion group, which implies that it is very important to encourage youth to compete phases 2 or 3, instead of stopping at phase 1, if the participant needs to participate in phases 2 or 3.
[Figure 8] How did the project help your job-seeking efforts?
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)
<Table 29> Employment results of the Youth New Start Project (2009)
Public organization Private organization
Employment rate (%) 36.4 35.2
Average time period required to find a
job (day) 153.2 138.8
Average service period rate (The proportion of the working
period from program participation to survey)
0.48 0.51
Wage change before/after project participation (10,000 won)
+65,000 (from 1,204,000 won to 1,260,000 won on a monthly
average)
+162,000 (from 1,147,000 won to 1,309,000 won on a monthly
average) Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)
Very much
Yes
Average
No
Not at all
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<Table 30> Employment rate by phase (2009)
(Unit: %)
Total Completion group Non-completion group
Phase 1 39.3 41.3 23.8
Phase 1→2 30.6 39.7 13.6
Phase 1→3 36.8 38.4 12.4
Phase 1→2→3 36.5 38.0 9.8
Source: Recompiled from Ryu, J S et al. (2010)