20220200000000042.pdf

KINU 연구총서 21-10

북한의􅛒정보화와 주민생활􅛒변화

정은미┃정은이┃변학문┃한승대

KOREA INSTITUTE FOR NATIONAL UNIFICATION

㢼傗䊓囒䍐㠯冏䅻囒 䐷㜷㰘冗囒㟻冏

⿘᝔㘭ㅬㅸ ㇽㄨ◠㮝ㅤ⿘᝔ジ⿘᝔レジ

ᛝ᷁⿘᝔ㅸ ㇽㄨㅜ㮝ㅤ⿘᝔ジ⿘᝔レジ

⚨㽁┠ᚐ⇰㽀᪀㶱䀼⿘᝔⬤㬘⭴ㆍ 㽄ⲡ᳨᷁᝕᳨㽁᜸❩㽄㽁⿘᝔⭴⿘᝔᜸Ⰰ

⿘᝔㎨ジ

⬄⽹⼬㮝ㅤ⿘᝔ジ⿘᝔ジ /-29⿘᝔㜅⬄

❩㽄ㅀㇽ⛜䀼〨㋤◤⫅䁄⚨䀼

/-29⿘᝔㜅⬄

ၽ ⧪ ᯝ 2021ț 12ښ 30ێ

ᱡ ᯱ ܁ڹй, ܁ڹۋ, ѺॡЛ, ॢ֧ʂ ၽ ⧪ ᯙ Čڮঞ

ၽ ⧪ ⃹ ࣀێٍĵڙ

⠙ Ḳ ᯙ Қॢٍĵ֬ۤ

॒ ಾ ܃2-02361঒ (97.4.23)

ᵝ ᗭ (06578) Դڐ֨ Դߣĵ ъपʂͿ 217 ࣀێٍĵڙ ᱥ ⪵ (ʂश) 02-2023-8000

(FAX) 02-2023-8296

⪩ ⟹ ᯕ ḡ http://www.kinu.or.kr ʑ⫮ॵᯱᯙ Ճێप࠶֟(ܳ)(02-2275-6894) ᯙ ᘥ ⃹ Ճێप࠶֟(ܳ)(02-2275-6894)

* 4 # / 979-11-6589-081-0 93340

a Ċ 10,500ڙ

ⵒ ☖ᯝᩑǍᬱ

☖ᯝᩑǍᬱᨱᕽ ၽe⦽ e⧪ྜྷᮡ ᱥǎ ݡ⩶ᕽᱱᨱᕽ Ǎ᯦⦹ᝅ ᙹ ᯩ᜖ܩ݅

Ǎ᯦ྙ᮹ᱶᇡe⧪ྜྷ❱ๅᖝ░ ๅᰆ ᔍྕᝅ

㢼傗䊓囒䍐㠯冏䅻囒 䐷㜷㰘冗囒㟻冏

ᅙᅕŁᕽᨱᙹಾࡽԕᬊᮡḲ⦥ᯱ᮹}ᯙᱢᯙč⧕ᯕ໑ ݚᩑǍᬱ᮹Ŗ᜾ᱢᯙ᮹čᮥၹᩢ⦹۵äᮡᦥܺܩ݅

ぼ⽥ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

İ ⬄≈ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

⿘᝔⒑㇩ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

⿘᝔᪜ゑ◷☑♽ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

ı ❩㽄ㅀ ㇽ⛜䀼 ㇽ㘭ᛤ ㈄ᶬ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

ㇽ⛜䀼᳜≈ᛤㇽ㘭⚨䀼 pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

㈄ᶬ⚨䀼 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

⭴ᚘ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

IJ ❩㽄ㇽ⛜䀼⿕↱-'8❨┠ㅀ㉘㎩卡ㅠ∍卡6( ppp

ㇽ⛜䀼ᛨ∐㋤ぼ᝕ᗨ᠘ᛨ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp -'8ㅠ∍⽹⬙ㅠ㻬Ⅴ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp -'8ᛨ∐㋤ぼ⿘᝔ᘄ☄᠘ᛨ◷⬙ᛤ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ㇽ⛜䀼᠘ⰈㅀㄹゑⳌ㫄 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

⭴ᚘ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

㘐∨

ij ᚥ㈄〨 ⭴⠬ㅀ ㇽ⛜䀼〨 ⫅䁄⽹ⳅㅀ ⚨䀼 pppppppppp

-'8⛜៱ᛤᚥ㈄䁄᷁ㅀ᳌⚨䀼 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

⭴⠬⫅䁄⽹ⳅㅀ⚨䀼 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

⭴ᚘ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

Ĵ -'8 ᠘☀ㅀ ⿔ᗨ┠䀼 ⫅䁄ᛤ ┠䀼⚨᷁ pppppppppppppp

-'8☄㇬ᛤ⿔ᗨ┠䀼䁄᷁ㅀ⚨䀼 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp -'8᠘☀ㅀ┠䀼⭴⠬⽹ⳅᛤⳌ㫄 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

┠䀼⚨᷁⽹⪩ᛤⳌ㫄 pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

⭴ᚘ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

ĵ ᚘ≈ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

ぼ⽥ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp Ⳅ⪔ㇸᛤ㈄⾠ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

㘠ᛈ┠㾴 pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

㝄៤ ☄ᗬㅸ⊴ ⼰᪜ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

㹄İ"❩㽄ㅜ㪰㋤◤⑜ㇹ㉘⪔㿬䁑 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄ı"❩㽄ㅀ⿕᳨ᛤ㽁᠘Ⰸ☄㇬ᘄᬬᚬ䁵 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄ı"᝕ᗨ⿰⪘㎨㞄ᚬ䁵㋹ᛤ㽁᠘Ⰸ❨┠ㅀ㎅ᗨㄐ ppppppppppppppppppp 㹄ı"㉘⬈᭠᷁᳡㘐᳨䁴〨㘐᳨䁴ㅀᛤ㽁᠘Ⰸ◷ㇽ⛜䀼ᛨ∐

㋤ぼ᪜ゑ⠬᜸ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄ı"ㇽ⛜䀼ᛨ∐♽⍈ᛤ㋤ぼ᪜ゑ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ㇽ⛜⪘⾭⬙ㅜộㆍ㽄ᬬ᭠᷁Ⳉ┠᠘⪔ ppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"❩㽄᳨㽁ㅀᚬ⿜⚬㿬䁑 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨㅤ⬙㉭㽑᳨㽁ㅀ㽁❨᝔⬙ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨㅤ⬙㉭㽑᳨㽁ㇽ⛜ᛤ㽁❨㋤ぼ㿬䁑 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨㅤ⬙㉭㽑᳨㽁㇬ㅸㅸ᷁䀼㽁❨㋤ぼ㿬䁑 pppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨㅤ⬙㉭㽑᳨㽁Ⰰ㽁❨㋤ぼ㿬䁑 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨㅤ⬙㉭㽑᳨㽁⿔㪨㽁❨ㅀ-'8᜸ㄉ㿬䁑 ppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨ㘭ᛝ⾭㉭㽑᳨㽁ㅀ㽁❨◷㽁ᛤ᝔⬙ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨ㘭ᛝ⾭㉭㽑᳨㽁㽁❨ㅀ-'8ᛨ∐᜸ㄉ◷⿘᝔㋤㈄ pppppppp 㹄IJ"㚐᳐᠘Ⰸᘄ☄ジ⪘㽀ㇽ⛜䀼ᛨ∐᳐レ㿬䁑 ppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨ㘭ᛝ⾭㉭㽑᳨㽁⪘㽀ㇽ⛜䀼ᛨ∐⿘᝔⭴㿬䁑 pppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨㇽㄨ㎹᝴᠘㋤ぼジᚑ䁴ㅀⳄⲌ㭄 pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"ᠨㇽㄨ㎹᝴᠘㋤ぼ㇬ㅸᚘ㈄ⳄⲌ㭄 ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄IJ"❩㽄ㅀ㇬ㅸ⪩ᙘↀ⪔ㅜ㲠 pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

㹄㘐∨

㹄-:"❩㽄᳨㋹Ⰰㅭ㹰᳨㹰⒑㋹-'8᠘᠘ㅀ㝼ㅜ

b,7GSHI pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp 㹄ij"❩㽄᳨㋹Ⰰㅭ㹰᳨㹰⒑㋹䀼┤ㅸ᷁㘐㝼ㅜ

b,7GSHI pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

០⎤IJ"ㅸᗽ∍⪔ㅜ㲠⾸⬄ᙘↀḀᱼ㈄㹰Ọ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"᳨᷁ᗽ㬼⇰⠬㋌Ⰰ⪩᠘ᛝㆍㅀ【ⲝᶬⳄ㿀⬌⠬ ppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"⼬㡐㥌㻐㬘㽑⿩䁴⪔ㅀỼ㎨㬠8:㉴᛹㽁ⳅ㇬ㅸ㡈㳸゘ p ០⎤IJ"㇬᝕ㇽ⛜䀼⬙ᛤ㇬ⅴ䁴㽱⪔ㆍ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"ᗽ⬄⽥Ⰰᛝㆍㅀ㮝㽑⫅⪘㚜ᚬ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"㶱⽹␼᠘ᛝㆍㅀ㮝㽑⫅⪘㚜ᚬ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"㶱⽹ㅸⅤᛝㆍ㮝㽑⫅⪘㚜ᚬ㉴〨├ㅠ␡ㅜ゜☀㘐゘ ppp ០⎤IJ"❩㽄ㅀ◼ㅜ⇔Ⲍ☙Ⳉ㻬≄០←㩜Ⅵ⪰㉴〨㘠⠿゘ ppp ០⎤IJ"䁴⬈ㇹ⭵ᛨ┠㉴ᛤⰀㅸⳅ8:☑⮉㋹ᚬ᠘゘ pppppp ០⎤IJ"❩㽄ㅀ⿩⪩䁴ㅀ㚜ᚬ Ⅵジ" ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"䀼⪩䁴ㅀ☑ⳅㅀ❩㽄ᛤ㽁᠘Ⰸ☄㹄䁴 ppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"䀼⪩䁴ㅀ≄㎬㽱Ḁᱼ❩㽄ㅀᗩ៱᳐㚜䁴ㅀ pppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"❩㽄ㅀ␤ᙘ⎔ⰀⰈ㎨ジⳄⲌ㭄ᘄᬸᶬ pppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"」⍀⼬᷁⚹ジㅀ␤ᙘ⎔ㅀ⊴⛱⪔ㆍ⑜ ppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"⍀ᚥ⼰ᛤ㉭㽑⚹ジㅀ␤ᙘ⎔ㅀ⊴⛱⪔ㆍ⑜ pppppppppppppppppp ០⎤IJ"❩㽄ㅀ㇬ㅸ㡜Ễ〨㇬ㅸ㡜Ễᚘ㈄᠘ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤ij"㽐䅍ⳄⳄㆍᛤ♬Ⲍㇽ⍀⭴ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤ij"㚕㎬ⳄⰀ᪐Ⳅㆍ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤ij"᳐᷁⾸⬄◼Ⅴ⛠Ⳉㅀ㋤ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤ij"䀄⪘Ⳅ〨゜⮉Ⰰ᳐ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

០⎤㘐∨

០⎤ij"❩㋹├⿕㝼ㅜb pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤ij"⪔⎔ジⳄㇽ⛜᠘Ⰸ᜸⍀⭴ pppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤ij"ㇽ⛜᠘Ⰸ᜸⍀⭴ㅭ㎨ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤Ĵ"ᠨㇽㄨⳄ᳨❩㽄㋤◤ㅀ᳌⽹㽄⿔ᗨ┠䀼⫅䁄 pppppppppppppp ០⎤Ĵ"᳌⽹㽄ㇽ⛜䀼Ⳅ⬌ㄬㅜゑ㽀ᛈㅰᱼ❩㽄㋤◤Ọ pppppppppp ០⎤Ĵ"❩㽄ㅀ䄜᳨㇬䀼⽙ď᪀ㅀᠠ᷁├Đ〨ď⪰⬠᠘Đ ppppppppppppppp ០⎤Ĵ"❩㽄⾸⬄ㅠ᠘ㅰᱼ⒐◼ㅤᙴㅬȿᛈ᝔∌㇬ㆍɀȿ᳨ᚘ㇬ɀ

ȿⰀ䀠ㅸɀ ppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp ០⎤Ĵ"ď⿔⬙⪩ⳅ㻬≄០←Đᛤďⳅ⊴㹰ᗨᛝ⪩ⳅ㻬≄០←Đ ppppppppppp

ť܁ڹ ܁ńڹ ۋۻ ܁ńۆ ܁҃জ ܁޾ں ć֧ॠي ݚń ߣҙࢢ ܁

҃জε ४֮ۺۍ ą܃ьۻ ۻ͜ڷͿ ޽࢘ॠي ݓ՚ۺڷͿ ߸ݕ३ٵɰ.

܁҃ԓغ֨ʂق ۋر ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂۆ ɺ΁ۺ ĵԜڹ ť܁ێ ܁ńقԴ

܃şʼؽݓχ ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ҆üۺڷͿ ĵইʼؽɰ. Қॢۋ ߸ĵॠ ə ݓ֩ą܃Ԑধə ܁҃ٮ ݓ֩ں ܳڅ ԦԓۙڙڷͿ ॠə ԞͿڏ Ԧԓ ت֩ڷͿۆ ۻঞӼχ ؉ɦ͆ ą܃, Ԑধ, Лজ ۻ Ԑধ қآق ܁҃şց ۋ ʪۓʼə ԐধѺআ(social innovation)ں पĜॢɰ. ܁ń ߣşҙࢢ

߸ݕʽ ܁҃জə 2019ț 4ښق Ò܁ʽ ॶѪ ܃26ܓق ۍлą܃ۆ ܳ ߕজ, ইʂজ, ܁҃জ, ęॡজͿ प॥ʼϸԴ ঝČॢ Ѫۺ ݓڦε ন˛ॠ

ٕɰ.

Қॢ ɾĶڹ ܁҃জ ܁޾ں মڱۺڷͿ ߸ݕॠş ڦ३ şܕق қԓʽ

܁҃জ ěʹ ܓݔ˞ں ࣀ० ܓ܁ॠي ٤३ ܁҃ԓغՁں ֪Ժॠٕɰ.

܁҃জε սॱॣ ۍͳں تՁॠş ڦ३ ܳڅ ʂॡ˞قə ܁҃şց ěʹ ॡę˞ں ÒԺॠČ ٍĵşěں Ժςॠٕڷ϶, ۻĶۺڷͿ şցČśܼ

ॡİε ֪Ժॠي ݓѓą܃ق ज़څॢ ܁҃şց ۍۦ˞ں ۙߕͿ تՁॠ ə İگߕćε սςॠٕɰ. ʂॡ ф ٍĵşěق ʂॢ ࣊ۙ ݒʂͿ ֬ڌ জʾ ս ەə ψڹ ܁҃şցۋ Òьʼؽɰ. ۋ͠ॢ Ȥͳڹ Қॢۆ ܁҃

জ ً͟ں ÌজॠČ ܁҃ۆ ۿŖՁę টڌՁں ȭۋə ʚ şيॢɰ.

ICT Òьę ʪۓڷͿ Қॢ ܳлۆ Ԧটت֩ۋ Ӈβó ѺজॠČ ەɰ. ڙü֨ॹ, ڙüধۆ, ڙüİگ, ڙüۆΒ ˣۋ ԜڌজʼؽČ, ۻ֨ধ,

ьशধ, ࢹ΁ধ ˣۋ ٣͆ۍڷͿ Ò߯ʼČ ەɰ. ۻۙĀ܃À Àɠॢ ۻ

ۙԜä͒ Ԑۋ࣡˞ۋ ɰս ԦûǮڷ϶, ۻۙࠢ˚ε ࣀ३ ՙҼ ߤݕę ԐŚڵۆ تՁজε ڮʪॠČ ەɰ. ۻĶۆ şěę şغՙقԴ ԦՁʼə

ۙΒ˞ۋ DBজʼر ęॡşցۻɾق ݚۺʼČ ɰ֨ ĶÀϐڷͿ ٍĀʽ ۻĶۆ ęॡşց҃ś֬ں ࣀ३ ܁҃ۙΒÀ ėڮʼČ İΪʽɰ. ۻĶق

Ժ࠘ʽ ܁҃şցİΪՙ ̚ə ܁҃şցҋԐՙə ɰتॢ Ͽцێ ࡓࢮࠐ ε ܳл˞ق ܃ėॠČ ەɰ.

ICT şşۆ ێԜԦট ࠞ࣊ə Қॢܳлۆ يÀЛজ টʴق ψڹ Ѻজ

ε ێڷࢅČ ەɰ. ICT şъۆ ɰتॢ ࡓࢮࠐ˞ۋ ÒьʼϸԴ ЛজՙҼ ۆ ۿŖՁę ɰتՁۋ ࡾó ݒʂʼؽɰ. şܕق TV, ŕۤ, ٖজě ܼ֮

ۆ ЛজՙҼə ্ʂۻজ, ࢗҸσPC, ࠻ौࢢ, IPTV ˣ ɰتॢ ICT şş ٮ ۿЀʼر óے, ڼ؊, ٖজ, ˚͆υ ˣۆ ՙҼت֩ۋ ѺজॠČ ەɰ. ʌҝر ЛজՙҼۆ ėÂۋ ėۺ ėÂقԴ Ԑۺ ėÂڷͿ ۋʴॠČ, ݚ ɳܳۆۺ Лজ ت֩ۋ ۾޲ أজʼČ Òۍܳۆ Лজ ت֩ۋ ҙԜॠ϶,

ICT şşق ʂॢ ę֨ՙҼÀ ˣۤॠČ, ۽ڹ ՃʂقԴə ICT şşÀ Ԑ

ধěćۆ ঍Ձę ঝۤقԴ ϔڍ ܼڅॢ ϔÒߕÀ ʼə ˣ ي͠ ًٖق Դ ʴ֨ۺڷͿ ЛজѺʴۋ ێرǣČ ەɰ.

ॠݓχ ܁҃জۆ ݕۻڷͿ ܁҃ü޲͆ə ԞͿڏ Ԑধҝथˣۋ ҙԜ ॠČ ەڷ϶, ٽҙՃćͿҙࢢۆ ܁҃ڮۓę ܁҃ڮ߻ۋ ڌۋ३܋ Қॢ

ɾĶۆ ܁҃ࣀ܃ə ǣǨۋ ČʪজʼČ ەɰ. ܁҃ࣀ֪şցۆ ьۻڹ ॢ ठڷͿə মڱՁę ठۆՁں ܃Č֨ࢅϸԴ ɰδ ॢठڷͿə Ԑধٮ Ò ۍں ʌ মęۺڷͿ Ç֨ॠČ ࣀ܃ॠə ʚ টڌʼə تϸՁں Íəɰ.

̚ॢ Қॢ ɾĶڹ ێъܳлۆ ۍࢢȖ ۿŖں ߏ۹ॠó φČ ەəʚ ܁

҃Ȑ࣡ڗࡾ Òѓڹ Қॢ ܁҃জÀ ьۻॠş ڦ३Դ ъ˚֨ ŕ҄३آ ॣ ę܃Ϳ ǫ؉ەɰ.

㋤㈄⾜ᱶᅕᔑᨦḡ᜾Ğᱽᱶᅕ⪵ᱶᅕ☖ᝁʑᚁᱶᅕĊ₉ྙ⪵ᄡ࠺

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The Kim Jong-un regime, inherited the informatization policy from the previous regime, has adopted informatization as a major strategy for economic development at the initial phase of its rule and continued on the implementation.

Although the discourse on an era of the knowledge economy took shape under the Kim Jong-il regime, followed by the age of the information industry, it fully came into being under the Kim Jong-un regime. The knowledge economy society, promoted by North Korea, encompasses the transformation to a new form of production with the information and knowledge as major resources for production. It also includes social innovation that accompanies information technology in all sectors of society, such as the economy, society, and culture.

First set off since the beginning of the Kim Jong-un regime, informatization had been included in a section of 'subjectification of people's economy, modernization, informatization, and identification' in Article 26 of the constitutional amendment, revised in April 2019. It thus has secured a firm legal standing.

North Korean authorities have established the 'Information Industry Department' to effectively implement informatization policy by incorporating and reorganizing informatization-related organizations that had previously been dispersed. In addition, North Korea set up the departments tasked with promoting informatization technology in major universities and research institutes to train people to implement the informatization. It also established senior secondary schools of information and technology nationwide. Furthermore, North Korea created an autonomous educational system that nurtures people to be skilled in information technology necessary for the local economy. Various information technology has sprung up that could lead to expanded investment for universities and research institutes. Such efforts have contributed to enhancing North Korea's capacity for informatization and increasing the accessibility and utility of information.

North Korean people's way of life has changed dramatically owing to the development and adoption of ICT. For example, remote testing, teleconference, distance learning, and telemedicine have been commercialized. Exhibitions, recitals, and forums have moved the platform online. A multitude of e-commerce websites equipped with electronic payment systems has sprung up. The authorities have facilitated consumption and moved the private financial sector onto the official realm by inducing people to use e-cards. Data,

produced at organizations and enterprises nationwide, has been included in the database and stored in the Science and Technology Complex. The information is then shared and spread via a room designed to facilitate science and technology connected to the nationally-operating networks.

Information Technology Exchange Room and Information Technology Service Bureau, installed nationwide, have provided various mobile content to North Korean people.

The infiltration of ICT devices into people's daily lives has precipitated many changes in people's leisure and cultural activities. The development of various ICT-based contents has significantly enhanced the accessibility and variety of cultural consumption. Cultural consumption, previously centered on the TV, theater, and movie theater, has been mixed with various ICT devices, such as cellphone, tablet PC, computers, and IPTV, thereby changing consumption patterns in games, music, movie, drama, etc. In addition, the venue for cultural consumption has moved from public space to private space. Collective cultural patterns have weakened over time, and individualistic cultural patterns have emerged, giving birth to the tendency of conspicuous consumption of ICT devices to show off one's wealth. ICT devices have become a crucial medium in building and expanding social relations among the younger generations, which accompany a simultaneous cultural transformation in many areas.

In the meantime, however, new social inequality has become visible in the form of an information gap due to the advancement of informatization. North Korean authorities' control on information has been tightened over time as the influx of information from and the outflux of information to the outside world have become easier. The development of information communication technology carries ambivalent aspects: it has improved the effectiveness and convenience on the one hand; it has been used to effectively monitor and control society and individuals on the other hand. Opening information networks has remained a task that must be resolved to promote North Korea's informatization further as the North Korean authorities have tightly blocked internet access for ordinary people.

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ݓŚڷͿҙࢢ 20ț ۻۍ 2000ț 5ښ ť܁ێ Ķѓڦڙۤڹ ܼĶ ں ŕҼνق ѓЛॠي Ѯۋݜۆ ֬νࡓјνͿ ҝνə ܼěߺ(刨駗 歌)ں ֨޶ॠٕɰ. ۋ঳ ť܁ێ Ķѓڦڙۤڹ ܓԸȤʴɾ ܼؖڦڙ ধ ޾ےێķęۆ ɺজقԴ 20Ճşə şćԓغۆ ֨ʂٕɰϸ 21Ճ şə ܁҃ԓغۆ ֨ʂͿ ʾ ìۓɦɰ͆϶ ܁҃ԓغں şъڷͿ ɳ ѥ ʪأۆ ĶÀьۻ Ҽۻں ܃֨ॠٕɰ.¹⁾

2011ț ϊ ť܁ێ ڦڙۤۋ ԐϐॠČ 2012țق ߻ѩॢ ť܁ڹ

܁ńۆ ߒ३ ьशʽ ֪țėʴԐԺڹ ԞͿڏ 100țۆ ֨ʂ Òφں

؎ν϶ ߯ߐɳʮࣷۻق ۆॢ ݓ֩ą܃ÌĶ æԺۋ͆ə Ѐशε ܃֨

ॠϸԴ ڍԸ ьۻ֨ࡈآ ॣ ४֮ şߣşցۆ ߒ ѥݫ ۙνق ܁҃ş

ցں ٤͹ɰ. ʴ ԐԺڹ ॳ঳ 100țقə 4޲ ԓغআϼڷͿ ьۻ ः

͠ɰےۋ ۻঞʼş ˺Лق Қॢʪ Ճćۺ ߸Ճق ˰͆ ݓ֩ą܃, ݌

˥ݓࢥą܃Ϳ ۻঞ३آ ॢɰČ Ìܓ॰ɰ. ť܁ێ ֨ʂقə ࠻ौࢢ ε ܼ֮ڷͿ Ԧԓѓ֩ۆ ۻঞۋ Ìܓʻɰϸ, ť܁ڹ ֨ʂقə ܁҃

ࣀ֪şց(ICT)ں ܼ֮ڷͿ ॢ ܁҃জ ԐধͿۆ ۻঞں ÌܓॠČ ە

ɰə ۾قԴ ֨ʂۺ ޲ѻՁں ÍəɰČ ॣ ս ەɰ.

2020țق ьԦॢ ࡑͿǣ19 ʂڮॱڹ ҚॢԐধۆ ێԜۺ ॄąں

ࡾó цƴر ȮČ ەɰ. Ճćۺ ߸Ճٮ υ޴ÀݓͿ ҚॢقԴʪ ʂϸ ۿߤں ߯ՙজॠş ڦ३ Ҽʂϸ ঍ࢗۆ জԜধۆÀ ێԜজʼČ ە ɰ. ߯Čڦś ܁࠘ধۆε Ҽ΅३ ĶÀşěۆ ܳڅ ধۆ˞ę ॱԐ˞

ۋ Ҽʂϸۆ জԜধۆ ѓ֩ڷͿ Ò߯ʼČ ەɰ. Á şě, şغՙق Դʪ জԜধۆε ࣀ३ ࢹ΁ę ۆԐĀ܁ۋ ۋΠݓČ ەڷ϶, ۚțق

1) ť܁ێ, Ԟ Ճş, 21Ճşə ܁҃ԓغۆ ֨ʂۋɰ: ܓԸͿʴɾ ܼؖڦڙধ ޾ےێķ˞

ę ॢ ɺজ(2001.3.11.), ť܁ێ Ըݚ 15뺸(थت: ܓԸͿʴɾ߻ࣺԐ, 2005), p. 110.

ۋر ٤३ق Ò߯ʽ ي͠ ҙЛѻ ęॡşցьशধÀ ۻĶ őϿۆ জ ԜধۆͿ ݕॱʼؽɰ.²⁾

֮ݓر ҚॢقԴ IT ҙЛۆ ߯ʂőϿۆ ॱԐۍ ۻĶ܁҃জՁę ۻ͊ধ-2021ۋ ٤३قə ĶÀۙΒࣀ֪ϐں ࣀॠي ÀԜۻ͊ধ ѓ

֩ڷͿ ݕॱʼؽɰ. Èۚ֟ͥó ьԦॢ ࡑͿǣ19 ʂڮॱڷͿ ݓǦ ३قə ۻĶ܁҃জՁęۻ͊ধÀ ؉ٚ Ò߯ʼݓ Ї॰əʚ 1ț χق ԞͿڏ ঍ࢗۆ ʂ؋ں υʹॢ ìۋɰ. ۻĶ܁҃জՁęۻ͊ধÀ Қ

ॢۆ ܁҃জ ьۻ սܵę ьۻ ۻϐں Àɝॣ ս ەə Àۤ ܼڅॢ

ॱԐ͆ə ۾قԴ ۻ͊ধ Ò߯ۆ ۦÒə ۙߕͿ ۆۆε ݓɨɰ.

ۋԜقԴ şցॢ ìߌͤ ψڹ ۍĵÀ ॢƃѥق ޷Àॠə ʂőϿ

ধۆǣ ॱԐÀ জԜ ̚ə ÀԜ ঍ࢗͿ Ò߯ʼČ ەɰə ìڹ Ŕχࢂ

ICT ۍ॒͆ ĵ߹ڹ Н΁ ڿڌşցۆ ьۻę ܁҃ۿŖ ঞąۋ Ԝɾ০

ÒԸʼČ ەڼں ѓݒॢɰə ۾قԴ ܳЀॣ Ѻজۍ ìڹ қϼॠɰ.

Ӈβó ьۻॠə ICTε şъڷͿ ࠻ौࢢϐں ࣀॢ ڙüİگۋ ট

ь০ ݕॱʼČ ەə ìʪ ɂţں Ǐə Ѻজۋɰ. ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴə şܕۆ ٣Ԑধۆ ۍࢬνজε ʂߕॠə ԞͿڏ ԐধÒআ ֢Ϳæۍ ۻлęॡşցۍۦজۆ ֬ߎ ѓѪڷͿ ڙüİگق ܳЀॠČ ەɰ.

࣢০, ࡑͿǣ19 ʂڮॱڹ ڙüİگ ʪۓę ঝʂε ʌڎ À՚জ֨ࢅə

ʴͳڷͿ ۚڌॠČ ەɰ.

؜Ҿ ࢹ॔͠(Alvin Toffler)ٮ ॠۋ˥ ࢹ॔͠(Heidi Toffler)ə ۹Դ 뺷ҙۆ й͒뺸قԴ 2004ț ɾ֨ ǫॢę Қॢق ʂ३ ÁÁ ॢ Ķ Àə ݓ֩ق şъں ˅ ܃3НĀۆ ą܃ٮ ЛϼڷͿ ॳॠə äʂॢ

Ѻআۆ Ը˃ق Դ ەə ъϸ, ɰδ ॢ ĶÀə ܃1НĀę ܃2НĀͿ ʂशʼə Ļܳρę ҾĎ ԐۋقԴ ॴʍۋČ ەɰ³⁾϶ ॢъʪ Ǵۆ

2) ٤३ ۻĶսԓҙЛ, ۻĶۙʴজҙЛ, ۻĶ܃أҙЛ, ۻͳۻͳėغҙЛ, ۻĶæԺҙЛ,

ۻĶ܁҃ҙЛ, ۻĶজۤुҙЛ, ۻĶজॡۦΒҙЛ, ۻĶŚ՚ۦΒҙЛۆ ęॡşցьश ধÀ জԜѓ֩ڷͿ ݕॱʼؽɰ.

Лϼ ü޲ε şց॰ɰ. ̚ Ŕ˞ڹ ۹ԴقԴ ॢĶۆ ąڍ ۍĵ ʂҙқ ۋ ্ʂۻজε ՙݓॠČ ەə ъϸق Қॢۆ ąڍ ۍĵۆ 1% ܁ʪ χۋ ্ʂۻজε ҃ڮॠČ ەɰ϶ ॢъʪ Ǵۆ عߔǦ ˥ݓࢥ ü޲

ε سś॰ɰ. Ŕ ۋ঳Ϳ 13țۋ ݓǦ 2017ț şܵ Қॢۆ ۻߕ Àĵ

ۆ 69%À ্ʂۻজε ҃ڮॠČ ەə ìڷͿ ܓԐʻɰ.⁴⁾

ť܁ێ ܁ńق ۋر ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ 21Ճşε ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂ, ݓ

֩ą܃֨ʂ͆Č ő܁ॢ ìڹ ܁҃ٮ ݓ֩ۋ ইʂԐধۆ ԞͿڏ ş

߹ĵܓٮ ş߹ڙνÀ ʼə ࢐ԓغԐধ⁵⁾ ̚ə ܁҃জ ьۻت֩ۋ ݓѕॠə Ȑ࣡ڗࡾ Ԑধ⁶⁾, Нνۺ ԦНॡۺ Ճćٮ ˥ݓࢥۋ ڵ

०ॠي χ˞رݕ ߣٍĀ ߣݓɠۆ 4޲ ԓغআϼę Ïڹ Ճćۺ Л

ϼ ۻঞۆ НĀق Қॢ ̚ॢ ˏߌݓݓ ؍ڷͲə ֨ʂ ۍ֩ۋɰ.

܁҃জ ԐধͿۆ ۻঞق ʂॢ Қॢۆ ۆݓə ą܃ьۻ ѓॳں ܳ

ߕজ, ইʂজ, ęॡজͿ ő܁॰ʏ şܕۆ ॶѪں 2019ț 4ښ ߯Č ۍлধۆ 14ş 1޲ ধۆقԴ ܳߕজ, ইʂজ, ܁҃জ, ęॡজ(ॶѪ

܃26ܓ)Ϳ Ò܁॥ڷͿ׆ ė֩জʼؽɰ. ̚ॢ Қॢ ɾĶڹ 2020ț 12ښ

ق ۋʴࣀ֪Ѫں ޽࢘ॠٕڷ϶, ߯Ŗقə ܁҃ԓغں ۻɺॠə ܼ

ؖ܁ҙ ܓݔۍ ܁҃ԓغՁں ֪Ժ॥ڷͿ׆ ܁҃জ ܁޾ں ߸ݕॠə

Ѫۺ, ܃ʪۺ ߕćε ʌڎ ٰҼ३ ÀČ ەɰ.⁷⁾

20ي ț ʴ؋ ܁҃জÀ ߸ݕʼϸԴ Қॢ Ԑধə ą܃ қآε प॥

3) ؜Ҿ ࢹ॔͠ ॠۋ˥ ࢹ॔͠ ݓڼ, ťܼږ ٦ť, 뺷ҙۆ й͒뺸(Դڐ: ߔρ߻ࣺ, 2006), p. 490.

4) Central Bureau of Statistics of the DPR Korea and UNICEF, DPR Korea Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017, Survey Findings Report (Pyongyang, DPR Korea:

Central Bureau of Statistics and UNICEF, 2017), p. 31.

5) ɰɦم Ѳ ݓڼ, ťڙʴч঍֪ ٦ť, 뺷࢐ԓغԐধۆ ʪ͒뺸(Դڐ: ؉ࠢȖ, 2006), p. 852.

6) υɑم ࠢ֟ࢯ ݓڼ, ťЙॢ чॱږ ١ڹܳ ٦ť, 뺷Ȑ࣡ڗࡾ Ԑধۆ ʪ͒: ܁҃֨ʂ

ą܃, Ԑধ Лজ1뺸(ࣷܳ: ॢڐ؉ࠢʚй, 2003), p. 41.

7) ٤३ 5ښ 뺷Ϳʴ֪Л뺸ق ֬ο şԐε ࣀ३ ܁҃ԓغՁۆ ܕۦÀ ߌڼ ؎Ͳܐɰ. Ϳͳ

ڷͿ, НݗۺڷͿ ݓڙ-Ձ, ܼؖşě ɾܓݔ˞قԴ, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2021.5.17.

ॠي ॱ܁, İگ, ҃æ, Лজٚց ˣ Ԑধ ۻъق ԞͿڏ ت֩ۋ ߻ই ॠČ ەɰ. Ԑغۋǣ ۤԐε ॠə ܳл˞قó ্ʂۻজə ज़սुۋ

ʼؽČ, χНԜ, ٢Ϊٮ Ïڹ ۻۙԜä͒ ॔͘मۋ ɚرǣČ ەڷ

϶, थتں Ҽ΅३ Қॢ ܳڅ ʪ֨قԴ ǣ͒ࠢ˚ǣ ۻՁࠢ˚ٮ Ïڹ

ۻۙࠢ˚ ԐڌۙÀ ɚرǣČ ەɰ. ্ʂۻজͿ Ȥʴ֪Лں ĵʫॠ äǣ IPTVε ࣀ३ ˚͆υ ̚ə ٖজ ֨ߔۋ Àɠ३ܐڷ϶, ߔՙț

˞ۋ ࠻ौࢢǣ ্ʂۻজ óےں ݎşϸԴ ԞͿڏ ࠶Яɦ࣯ε χ˞

ر ÀČ ەɰ. ̚ॢ څν, йڌ, ःՎę ěʹʽ Ͽцێ ؞˞ۋ Òь,

߻֨ʼر يՁ ՙҼۙ˞ں ė͜ॠČ ەɰ. ǣ؉À ѓً1.0ۋ͆ə Ͽцێ ؞ۋ Òь ҃śʼر ࡑͿǣ19 ѓًق টڌʼČ ەɰ.

ۋԜقԴ şցॢ Қॢܳлۆ ێԜԦট Ͽ֥ۆ Ѻজə ICTۆ ьۻ ę ʂܼۺ ҃ś ˺Лق Àɠ३ݕ ìۋɰ. ۋй ؘԴ şց॰ʏ ìߌ

ͤ 2017ț Қॢۆ ɰܼݓशķݚܓԐ(Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey: MICS, ۋॠ MICS)ق ˰βϸ ۻߕ Àĵۆ 69.0%, थت֨

ۆ ąڍ 90.6%À ۋʴۻজε ҃ڮॠČ ەɰ.⁸⁾ ̚ Դڐʂॡİ ࣀێ थজٍĵڙۋ ьÂॢ 뺷ҚॢԐধѺʴ 2020: ֨ۤজ, ܁҃জ, Ԑধқ জ, Ԑধ҃ۤ뺸 ҃ČԴق ˰βϸ ܓԐق ޷Àॢ 109ϼۆ Қॢۋ࢐ܳ

л˞ڹ 2019ț şܵڷͿ Қॢق äܳॣ ɾ֨ Àĵ Ǵ ࠻ौࢢٮ ݚۻ জ ҃ڮڱۋ ÁÁ 45.0%, 58.7%͆Č ڿɻ॰ɰ.⁹⁾ ʴ şěۆ 2015ț ܓԐقԴ ࠻ौࢢٮ ݚۻজ ҃ڮڱۋ ÁÁ 27.4%, 47.3%Ϳ ǣࢍǮ

ʏ ìę Ҽİ३ 5ț Ԑۋق Қॢܳл˞ۆ ܁҃şş ҃ڮڱۋ ݒÀॠ

ٕəʚ, ࣢০ ࠻ौࢢۆ ҃ڮڱۋ ࡾó Ԝ֧॰ɰ.¹⁰⁾

8) Central Bureau of Statistics of the DPR Korea and UNICEF, DPR Korea Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017, Survey Findings Report, p. 31.

9) ťॡۦ ٽ, 뺷ҚॢԐধѺʴ 2020: ֨ۤজ, ܁҃জ, Ԑধқজ, Ԑধ҃ۤ뺸(֨৞: Դڐʂ ॡİ ࣀێथজٍĵڙ, 2021), pp. 60~61.

10) ۤڌԵ ٽ, 뺷ҚॢԐধѺʴ 2015: ֨ۤজ, ܁҃জ, Ԑধқজ뺸(Դڐ: Դڐʂॡİ ࣀێ थজٍĵڙ, 2016), p. 78.

ॠݓχ Қॢ ԐধقԴʪ ܁҃জۆ ϼؒڹ ʴ֨ق ǣࢍǦɰ. ܁҃

জÀ ԦԓՁę ą܃ěνۆ মڱՁں ܃Č֨ࢅČ, ܁޾ ۻɵę ݚॱ

ۆ ՚ʪε ɳ߹ॠ϶, ܳл˞ۆ Ԧট ठۆՁں ȭۋə տşɠ ًॣں

ॠə ìڹ Ԑ֬ۋɰ. Ŕ͠ǣ ܁҃ü޲À Ԑধҝथˣں Àܼ֨ࢅə څۍڷͿ ۚڌॠČ ەɰə Ԑ֬ں Âę३Դə ؋ʽɰ. ٚε ˞ر,

্ʂۻজε ҃ڮॢ Ԝۍę Ŕͩݓ Їॢ Ԝۍۋ НÀ, ঞڱ, ČÓ ˣ

ۆ ܁҃ε ࣷ؊ॠə ʚ ޲ۋÀ ьԦॣ ìۋ϶ ۋ͠ॢ ܁҃ü޲ə ՙ

˛ ҝथˣں ߣ͒ॣ ս ەɰ.

̚ ࡑͿǣ19 ʂڮॱڷͿ ʂϸ սغۋ ܃أыə ԜডقԴ ڙüİ

گں ыə ॡԦę Ŕͩݓ Їॢ ॡԦۆ ąڍ ॡ֥ ɠͳۆ ü޲À ьԦ

ॣ ս ەɰ. ˰͆Դ ҼԜ ѓً ԜডقԴ ܁҃ü޲À İگ ҝथˣں

֮জ֨ࢅə څۍڷͿ ۚڌॠó ʽɰ.

ъʂͿ ֨ۤজۆ ݕॱڷͿ ьԦॢ ą܃ۺ ҝथˣ ĵܓÀ ܁҃ ۿ Ŗ ф ܁҃ ĵϔͳق ٖॳں йߝ ܁҃ü޲ε ьԦ֨࢈ ս ەɰ. ߯

֪ ্ʂۻজ şşε ҃ڮॠČ ߿қॢ ࣀ֪ ֨Âں ঝ҃ॠČ ɰتॢ

Ͽцێ ؞ں ۋڌॠş ڦ३Դə ą܃ۺ ҙɺۋ ьԦॠş ˺Лق ą

܃ۺ ݓڦÀ ܁҃ ۿŖՁę ܁҃ ՙҼق ٖॳں й࠘ó ʽɰ. 1990ț

ʂ ॢĶ ԐধقԴ ݕॱʼə ܁҃জ ę܁ق ʂ३ ܁҃ ॱڦÀ ą܃ট

ʴۆ ४֮ۺ څՙÀ ʿق ˰͆ ۋ͠ॢ ܁҃ü޲ə Ԑধۺ ҝथˣۆ

ԞͿڏ ćşÀ ʾ ìۋɰ¹¹⁾͆ə Ҽࣺۺ ۻϐۋ ҚॢقԴʪ ʴێॠ

ó ǣࢍǣČ ەɰ.

ۋ ٍĵə ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ܁҃জÀ ر̎ó ۻÒʼČ, Ŕìۋ Қ

ॢ Ԑধۆ ĵܓٮ ܳл˞ۆ Ԧটت֩ں ر̎ó Ѻজ֨ࢅČ ەəݓ

Ժϼॠə ʚ Ѐۺۋ ەɰ. ۋ ٍĵə ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴۆ ܁҃জ ɺ΁

11) ܁æজ, ܁҃জę܁قԴۆ Ԑধҝथˣ ʂ޾ق ěॢ ٍĵ, ॢ֪ȦЛݚ뺸, ࣢ѻ঒

(1997), p. 14.

ę ܁޾ Ѐश, ܓݔߕćٮ ۍͳ تՁ, ŔνČ ܃ʪۆ Ѻজε Ժϼॠ

϶, ǣ؉À ܁҃ࣀ֪şցۆ ьɵͿ ܳл˞ۆ ą܃টʴ ф ՙҼԦট,

ŔνČ Лজ ت֩ق ر̅ ѺজÀ ێرǣČ ەəݓ Ճнॠó қԵॢ

ɰ. ǣ؉À Қॢۆ ܁҃ࣀ֪ԓغۋ ݓ՚ ьۻॠş ڦ३Դ ݔϸॠČ

ەə Л܃۾ę ॢćə ИؼۋČ, Ŕìں ŕ҄ॠş ڦ३ ३Ā३آ ॠ

ə ę܃ə Иؼۍݓ Ͽԟ३҃Čۙ ॢɰ.

⿘᝔᪜ゑ◷☑♽

ᗨ⿘᝔᪜ゑ

ۋ ٍĵə ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ۻÒʽ ܁҃জ ܁޾ę ܁҃ࣀ֪şց

ۆ ьɵۋ À܋٣ Қॢܳлۆ Ԧট Ѻজε ɰϸۺڷͿ қԵॢɰ. ܁

҃জۆ ݕۻڹ ĶÀ ًٖę Ԑধ ًٖ Ͽ˃قԴ ʴ֨ۺ Ѻজε ۋǓ

Č ەɰ. ܁҃জۆ Ѐशε Ժ܁ॠČ ĵߕۺۍ ܁޾ սςę ֬ߎڹ

ĶÀÀ ܳʪॠݓχ, ܁҃জۆ Āęε ɰتॢ ѓ֩ڷͿ ՙҼ, টڌॠ

Č ԞͿڏ սڅٮ Лজε ޻߻ॠə ìڹ Ԑধۋɰ.

Қॢۆ ܁҃জ ܁޾ڹ ĶÀьۻ ф ą܃ьۻ ۻ͜ę нۿ০ Ā०

ʼر ەɰ. ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ۻÒʼə ܁҃জۆ ۋʚ٤Ϳş, ьۻ ć

নę ąͿ, ۍ॒͆ٮ ܃ʪə ʂҙқ ۋۻ ܁ńڷͿҙࢢ ć֧ʽ ì˞

ۋɰ. ť܁ڹ ܁ńۋ ݔϸॠČ ەə Ճćۺ ߸Ճٮ ܁҃ঞąۆ Ѻজ

ə ۋۻ ܁ńۆ ڮԓں ̬رȊə আ֪ں څĵॢɰ. ۤقԴə ć֧

ę আ֪ۆ ě۾قԴ ܁҃জ ɺ΁ę ܁޾ Ѻজε қԵॢɰ. ܁҃জۆ

ɾڦՁں ő܁ॠə ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂ ̚ə ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂٮ Ïڹ ɺ΁

ڹ ť܁ێ ܁ńقԴ ߻ьॠٕɰ. Ŕ͠ǣ Ŕ ɺ΁ۆ ĵߕۺ ֬ߎڹ ť

܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ݕॱʼؽɰ.

ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ܁҃জۆ ۻ͜ę ćন, ŔνČ ֬ॱ ܓݔę ۍͳ

ۙڙڹ ܁҃ԓغۆ ݓ՚Àɠ ьۻں ˓ыࠞॠə ܁҃জ ً͟ۋɰ.

ۤقԴə ť܁ڹ ܁ńۆ ܁҃জ ً͟ڷͿ׆ ۍ॒͆ ইডę ڿڌ

֬ࢗε қԵॢɰ. ɳ, ܁҃জۆ ѩڦٮ Ǵڌۋ ȃИǣ ġѩڦॠş

˺Лق ۋ ٍĵقԴə ICT ҙЛۆ ۍ॒͆ۆ ইড(ܓݔ, ۍͳ, R&D şě)ę Òь ф ڿڌ֬ࢗε ܼ֮ڷͿ ɰΚɰ.

ۋ ٍĵə ܁҃জق ʂॢ ęॡşցۺ ۿŖۋǣ ܃ʪۺ ۿŖۋ ܼ

֮ۋ ؉ɦ϶ ܁҃şցۆ ьۻڷͿ ۍ३ ࣷԦʼə Қॢܳлۆ Ԧট

ت֩ۆ Ѻজٮ ЛজѺʴں Ժϼॠə ʚ ܳЀॢɰ. ܁҃জə ܁҃ş

ցę ݓ֩ں şъڷͿ ԞͿڏ ঍ࢗۆ Ԧԓت֩, Ԧটت֩, Ԑধۺ Ԝ

঒ۚڌ ˣ ġѩڦॢ Ԑধĵܓۺ Ѻজε पĜॢɰ.

܁҃জÀ À܋٤ Ԑধ ۻъۆ ĵܓۺ Ѻʴق ʂॢ Қॢ ݓ֩ۍ˞

ۆ ۍ֩ڹ 2000țʂ ߣъق ۋй ĵߕজʼؽɰ. 2002țق ьॱʽ

뺷ą܃ٍĵ뺸ق óۦʽ ȦЛ˞قԴ ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂə ܁࠘, ą܃, Лজ

ε Ҽ΅ॢ ԐধԦটۆ Ͽ˜ қآق ܁҃şցۋ ʂʂۺڷͿ ʪۓʼ ي ܁҃ԓغۋ ܓݔজ, ęॡজսܵق ۆॠي Ԑধą܃ьۻۋ ܟڍ ʼə ֨ʂ¹²⁾ۋČ, ܁҃şցę ܁҃ԓغڹ Ԑ͊˞ۆ Ԧԓটʴę Ԑ ধটʴڹ Н΁ À܁Ԧটق ۋβşūݓ Ͽ˜ қآق ۺڌʼي Ŕ˞

ۆ Ԑধą܃Ԧটۻъں Ѻআ֨ࢅČ ەɰ¹³⁾͆Č şցॠČ ەɰ. ۋ

ͩˢ 2000țʂ ߣъق Қॢ ݓ֩ۍ˞ۋ ĵԜॠٕʏ ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂۆ

Ͽ֥ڹ 2020țʂۍ ইۦۆ Қॢ ԐধقԴ ۾޲ ֬ইʼČ ەɰ.

ҚॢԐধقԴ ܁҃şցۆ ьɵͿ Àۤ ࢀ Ѻজε ҃ۋə ًٖڹ ɳٍ ą܃ қآۋɰ. ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ܁҃জə ą܃ьۻۆ ۻ͜ۺ ЀशۋČ ܁҃şցڹ ą܃ьۻۆ ܼڅॢ սɳۋɰ. ť܁ڹ ܁ńڹ

܁҃জε ࣀ३ ą܃ҙ৞ę ॥ƍ Ճćۺ ߸Ճق ˰͆ ݓ֩ą܃ÌĶ æԺں ݓॳॢɰ. ť܁ڹ ܁ńڹ ݓ֩ą܃Ϳۆ ۻঞں ڦ३ ICT ь ۻę ʪۓق ۺŕۺۋɰ. ʍқق ۋۻ ܁ńق Ҽ३ Қॢܳл˞ڹ ՜

֖ó ICT şşق ۿŖॣ ս ەó ʻČ ICT şşə Ӈβó ܳл˞ۆ

ą܃টʴ ф ՙҼԦটق ࢀ Ѻজε À܋ٵɰ. ۤڹ ICT ҃śڷͿ

ɰѺজʽ ܳл˞ۆ ą܃টʴę ՙҼԦটۆ ֬ࢗε ԜՃॠó ɰΚɰ.

࣢০ ্ʂۻজÀ ą܃টʴ Ѻজق йࠚ ٖॳę ֬ࢗق ʂ३ Ҽܼە ó ɰΚɰ.

12) ťԜॡ, ܁҃ԓغۆ ьۻę ԐধܳۆÌՁʂĶæԺ, ą܃ٍĵ뺸, 2002ț 2঒ (2002), p. 18.

13) চѿԸ, ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂۆ ࣢ݜ, ą܃ٍĵ뺸, 2002ț 3঒ (2002), p. 18.

߯Ŗ Қॢٍĵقə ي͠ ॡЛ қآقԴ Ԑڌॠə ɰتॢ ѓѪ΁

ۋ ʪۓʼر Қॢ Ԑধε қԵॠČ Ժϼॠə ॒ͪےę ۿŖѓ֩ۋ ɰ޽Ϳڗܐɰ. Čڮঞ(2019)ڹ Ԑধॡ, ЛজۍΪॡ, Лॡ ˣ ي͠

ॡЛқآقԴ Ԑڌॠə ɰتॢ ѓѪ΁ۋ Қॢٍĵق ʪۓʺ Қॢٍ

ĵə ݗۺ تۺڷͿ ࡾó ՁۤॠČ ەɰ¹⁴⁾϶, ێԜԦটٍĵѓѪ, ॱڦۙ-Ȑ࣡ڗࡾۋ΁(ANT), ЛজۍΪॡۆ ŕۤĶÀ ۋ΁ ˣۋ Қ

ॢٍĵق ۿЀʼČ ەə ìں ܳЀॣ χॢ Ձę͆Č سś॰ɰ. ŔνČ ۋ͠ॢ ٍĵѓѪ΁ۆ ৔ζں ܃4Ճʂ ٍĵѓѪ΁ۋ͆Č қΪ॰ɰ.

܁҃জə 4Ճʂ ٍĵѓѪ΁ں ۿЀॠي қԵॠşق ۺۼॢ ܳ܃ۋ ɰ. ܁҃জۆ ݕۻڹ ĶÀࣀ࠘ ѓ֩ۆ Ѻজ, ֨Âۺ??Â?ėÂۺ ۦĵՁ, ĶÀٮ Ԑধ(Òۍ), Òۍę Òۍ Âۆ ěć Ѻজ ˣ Ԑধε ǒےػۋ ۦĵՁॢɰ.

VۤقԴə ܁҃ࣀ֪şցۆ ьɵۋ ێڷࢅČ ەə Қॢܳл˞ۆ

يÀЛজ Ԧট Ѻজ, ܁҃Лজ Ԝुۆ ˣۤę ՙҼ֬ࢗ, ՙࣀѓ֩ę Ԑধěćۆ Ѻজ ˣں ɰΚɰ. ࣢০, Қॢۋ࢐ܳл ϸۿܓԐε ࣀ३ սݚʽ ɰتॢ ĵցۙΒε ࢹʂͿ ICT şş Ԑڌۆ ݒÀÀ À܋٣ Қॢܳл˞ۆ يÀЛজ Ԧটۆ Ѻজ, ЛজՙҼۆ تԜę ֬ࢗ, Ŕν Č ࢗʴॠČ ەə ԞͿڏ Лজ ت֩ۆ تԜę ۆйε қԵॢɰ.

᪀⿘᝔☑♽

Қॢۆ ܁҃জۆ ֬ࢗε ࣷ؊ॠə ʚ 1޲ۺڷͿ Қॢۆ й˥ر س

΁ ϔߕǣ Лॶق ۆܕॠə ìڹ ҝÀक़ॠɰ. ێԜۺۋČ ɳठۺۍ

܁҃জ ěʹ ՙ֩ۋǣ ܁҃ə Ȥʴ֪Л, ܓԸܼؖࣀ֪, ܓԸܼؖTV

ٮ Ïڹ ʚێν ϔߕ˞ں ࣀ३ رͷݓ ؍ó ۿॣ ս ەر ٍĵۙΒͿ

টڌॣ ս ەɰ. ٚε ˞ر, ইۦ ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ܁҃জ ܁޾ں ߪĜ

14) Čڮঞ, ҚॢٍĵѓѪ΁ۆ ۮ۾ę ę܃, ࣀێę थজ뺸, 11ݚ 1঒ (2019), p. 13.

ॠə ܓݔۍ ܁҃ԓغՁۋ ٤३ 5ښąق ֪Ժʼؽəʚ, ۋ Ԑ֬ڹ ė֩ۺڷͿ Қॢ ɾĶۋ ьशॢ ۺۋ ػݓχ Ȥʴ֪Лق ֬ο ێԜ

ۺ ՙۦۆ şԐε ࣀ३ ߌڼ ࣷ؊ʼؽɰ. ۋшقʪ ʂٽ Ըۻϔߕۍ

ܓԸۆ ١ɚ, ϭ؉ν, Ǵǣ͆ ˣں ࣀ३ ܁҃জ ěʹ ܓݔ ф şցՁ ę, ܁҃জ ěʹ ॱԐ ˣ ɰتॢ ܁҃ε صں ս ەɰ.

߯Čݓʪۙۆ ɺজǣ Ȥۚ, ŔνČ ܳڅ ܁࠘ॱԐقԴۆ ߯Čݓ

ʪۙۆ ٍԺę Դॢ ˣڹ ä֨ۺۋČ ۤşۺۍ ܁҃জ ܁޾ սς ф

ьۻćনں ࣷ؊ॠə ʚ ʪړۋ ʽɰ. ࣢০, ť܁ڹ ݚń ঳ 5ț Â üڷͿ ˃ ޲ͻۆ ɾʂধ, ݌ 2016țق 7޲ ʂধ, 2021țق 8޲ ʂ ধÀ Ò߯ʼؽɰ. ˃ ޲ͻۆ ɾʂধə Қॢۆ ܁҃জ ьۻ Ѐशٮ ѓॳ, ܳڅ ֬ߎę܃ ˣں ࣷ؊ॠə ʚ ϔڍ ܼڅॢ ধۆ˞Ϳ ˃ ޲ ͻۆ ɾʂধقԴ ɰΠݕ ęॡşց ф ܁҃জ ěʹ Ǵڌں ۙՃ০ қ Եॣ ìۋɰ. ϔț 1ښ ߒǨق ьशʼə ߯Čݓʪۙۆ ֪țԐٮ ϔ

ț Ԝъşق Ò߯ʼə ߯ČۍлধۆقԴ ޽࢘ʼə ĶÀ ٚԓڹ ɾ३

ٍʪۆ Ķ܁ڏٖقԴ ܁҃জ ҙЛۆ Ҽܼę ܁޾ ً͟ں ࣷ؊ॠə ʚ ڮڌॠɰ.

Қॢۋ ߸ݕॠČ ەə ܁҃জق ʂॢ ֮ࠗۺۍ ܁҃ǣ ݓ֩ں ص ə ʚ ܘ ʌ ۻЛۺۍ Лॶ ۙΒε টڌॠə ìۋ ज़څॠɰ. Қॢۆ ۻЛ ॡցݓۍ 뺷ą܃ٍĵ뺸ق óۦʽ ܁҃ԓغ, ݓ֩ą܃, ܁҃şց,

܁҃জ ˣں ɰΚ Ř˞ڹ Қॢۆ ܁҃জ ܁޾ں ۋ३ॠČ қԵॠə ʚ ֮ࠗۺۍ ݓ֩܁҃ε ܃ėॢɰ.

Ŕ шقʪ Қॢۆ ܁҃জ սܵں ࣷ؊ॣ ս ەə ĶǴٽۆ ܓԐۙ

Β˞ں টڌॢɰ. Қॢ ܼؖࣀćĶę ڮɦՃ॒À ėʴڷͿ ܓԐॠ ي ьशॢ 2017 MICS ۙΒقə Àĵѻ ICT şşۆ ҃ś ф ۋڌ ইডں ҃يܳə ݓश˞ۋ ɰս प॥ʼر ەɰ. Қॢۋ 2021ț 6ښ ق ڮلق ܃߻ॢ ݓ՚Àɠьۻں ڦॢ 2030 ۆ܃ ۋॱق ěॢ

ۙьۺ ĶÀѻ êࢹ(ڙ܃: Voluntary National Review On the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable Development, ۋॠ VNR) ҃ČԴقʪ ێҙ ܁҃জ ěʹ ۙΒÀ प

॥ʼر ەɰ. Դڐʂॡİ ࣀێथজٍĵڙۋ Қॢۋ࢐ܳл ԺЛܓԐ

ε ࢹʂͿ ϔț ьÂॠČ ەə 뺷ҚॢԐধѺʴ뺸 ҃ČԴقə ICT ş ş ҃ś ф ۋڌ, ŔνČ ۍ࣡͆Ȗę Ïڹ ܁҃Ȑ࣡ڗࡾ ۿŖں ҃ يܳə ɰتॢ ݓश˞ۋ प॥ʼر ەɰ.

Қॢ ܁҃জ ěʹ ܃ʪۺ Ѻজε ԕट҃ş ڦ३ ܁҃জ ěʹ Ѫέ

ۙΒÀ টڌʽɰ. ۋ ٍĵقԴ ۍڌʼäǣ şցʽ Ͽ˜ Қॢ Ѫέڹ

ࣀێѪ܃ʚۋࢢѮۋ֟قԴ صڹ ìۋɰ. ߯Ŗق ܃܁ʽ Ѫέ˞ڹ

؉ݔ غʚۋ࣡À ʼر ەݓ ؍ɰə ॢćÀ ەݓχ ܁҃জ ěʹ Ѫέ

܁҃ε صə ʚ Àۤ ڮڌॢ ߻ߌۋɰ.¹⁵⁾

Қॢ ɾĶۆ ߏ۹ॢ êَ ॠقԴ ԦՁʽ ۙΒ˞χڷͿ Қॢ ٍĵ ε ॠə ʚə ॢćÀ ەɰ. Қॢۆ ϔߕٮ Лॶ ۙΒقχ ۆܕॣ ą

ڍ ۙࠠ ێъজۆ ١Ϊε ѩॠäǣ ܁҃জ սܵں ęʂथÀॣ ս ە

ɰ. ˰͆Դ ۋ ٍĵə Қॢۋ࢐ܳл ֮ࠗϸۿں ࣀ३ Қॢۆ ܁҃জ

֬ࢗε ࣷ؊ॠə ʚ Œ঍ۺۋČ Óěۺۍ ۿŖں ॠČۙ ॢɰ.

Қॢۋ࢐ܳл ϸۿܓԐε Ժćॣ ˺ क़ϸۿۙۆ ۦҚ äܳݓٮ Ճ ʂѻ ĵՁں ࣢ѻ০ ČͲॠٕɰ. ێъۺڷͿ رɗ ԐধقԴ˜ ܁҃

ü޲À ьԦॠəʚ Қॢۆ ąڍ ݓًۺ ü޲, ݌ थتę ݓѓ, ʪ֨

ٮ Ȭߥ Âق ǣࢍǣə ܁҃ ü޲ٮ ٍͺݚɳ Âۆ ܁҃ ü޲À ࢁ

ìڷͿ ٚԜʽɰ. ۻۙə ʂߕͿ ܁҃ۍ॒͆ۆ ޲ۋقԴ, ঳ۙə İ

گ şধۆ ޲ۋق ۆ३Դ ьԦॢɰ.

ۋ ٍĵقԴə ߪ 18޲ͻۆ Қॢۋ࢐ܳл ϸۿܓԐÀ ݕॱʼؽə

15) ۋ ٍĵقԴ ۍڌʼäǣ şցʽ Ͽ˜ Қॢ Ѫέۆ ܓЛ˞ۆ ߻ߌəࣀێѪ܃ʚۋࢢѮ

ۋ֟(www.unilaw.go.kr)ےں э০϶, Á ѪܓЛق ʂॢ ३ɾ ߻ߌ शşε Ԧ͜ॢɰ.

ʚ, <श I-1>قԴ ҃ۋˢ Ԑͻ 9ѥę Ԑͻ 10ѥق ३ɾॠə Қॢۋ

࢐ܳлۆ ąڍə ࣢ѻ০ ܁҃জٮ ěʹॠي ۻЛۺۍ ݓ֩ę ąॹ ں ÍČ ەر ˃ ϼۆ Қॢۋ࢐ܳлں ʂԜڷͿ ÁÁ 3޲ͻ؂ۆ ϸ ۿܓԐÀ ݕॱʼؽɰ. Қॢۋ࢐ܳл ϸۿܓԐə Ԧϼڰν֮ۆڦڙ

ধ(IRB)ۆ ֮ۆε ࣀ३ ֧ۍыؕڷ϶, ěʹ ő܁ق Ŗäॠي սॱʼ

ؽɰ.¹⁶⁾ 2021ț 4ښҙࢢ 9ښ 26ێ ʴ؋ սॱʽ ϸۿܓԐق ޷يॢ

Қॢۋ࢐ܳл˞ق ʂॢ Â͜ॢ ܁҃ə <श I-1>Ϳ ܁νॠٕɰ.

㹄İ"❩㽄ㅜ㪰㋤◤⑜ㇹ㉘⪔㿬䁑

ᔍಡჩ⪙ ᩑಚ ┩ᇢᩑࠥ ᰍᇢ Ñᵝḡ ᰍᇢ Ḣᨦ ໕ݕᯝ

ݡ ᧲vࠥ ⩽ᔑ᜽ ᯱᩢᨦ

ݡ ⠪᧲᜽ Ḣᰆᰆ Õᖅ

ݡ ⠪᧲᜽ ᯱᩢᨦ

ݡ ᧲vࠥ ⩽ᔑ᜽ י࠺ᯱ

ݡ ᧲vࠥ ᝁ❭Ǒ Ǒᯙ

ݡ ⠪᧲᜽ ʑᔍᰆ Õᖅ

ݡ ⫊ᇢࠥ ᔍญᬱ᜽ ḡࠥᬱ ྕᩎ

ݡ ⧉ᇢࠥ ʙᵝǑ ᮭᦦᩩᚁ݉

ݡ ⧉ᇢࠥ ℎḥ᜽ ᩑǍᬱ

ݡ ⧉ᇢࠥ ℎḥ᜽ ᯱᩢᨦ

ݡ ⧉ᇢࠥ ྕᔑǑ e⪙ᔍ

ݡ ⧉ᇢࠥ ℎḥ᜽ ⦺ᔾ

ݡ ⧉ԉࠥ ⧉⯆᜽ ᯱᩢᨦ

ݡ ⧉ԉࠥ ݉⃽᜽ ᯱᩢᨦ

ᵝჩᔍಡ᮹Ğᬑ֥ᬵᨱ⧕᫙❭čࡹᨕɝྕ⦹݅a֥ᬵᨱ❭čḡෝਁԉ

⇽⃹ ᱡᯱ ᯲ᖒ

16) ֧ۍѥ঒: KINU IRB-2021-01-02-HR-01.

ı❩㽄ㅀㇽ⛜䀼ㇽ㘭ᛤ

㈄ᶬ

ㇽ⛜䀼᳜≈ᛤㇽ㘭⚨䀼

ᗨᛤ㽁᠘Ⰸ㋹Ⳅㅀᚬⲡᛤㇽ⛜䀼᳜≈

Қॢۆ ܁҃জ ɺ΁ę ܁޾ۆ Ѻজε ࣷ؊ॠş ڦ३Դə ًԐۺ ڷͿ ą܃ьۻ ۻ͜ę ęॡşց ьۻ ًԐε ॥ƍ ԕटآ ॢɰ. Қ

ॢڹ ًԐۺڷͿ ęॡşցں ą܃ьۻۆ þۍͳڷͿ ۍ֩ॠٕڷ϶,

˰͆Դ ą܃ьۻۻ͜ę ęॡşց ьۻćনڹ ڮşۺڷͿ Ā०ʼر

ۻÒʼر ٵɰ. 21Ճş ˞رԴ Қॢڹ ܁҃şցں ą܃ьۻں ߸ʴ

ॠə ܼڅ սɳڷͿ ۍ֩ॠٕɰ. ą܃ьۻقԴ ęॡşցں ܼ֨ॠ Č ڍԸ֨ॠə ܁޾ şܓə ťێՁ ֨ʂقԴ ֨ۚʼر ť܁ێ ֨ʂ ε äߝ ť܁ڹ ܁ńقūݓ ć֧ʼؽڷ϶, ęॡşց ܼ֨ə Қॢۆ

܁҃জ ɺ΁ę ܁޾ۆ ܁ɾՁں ҙيॠə ֬ߎ ۋʚ٤Ϳş͆ ॣ ս ەɰ.

1948ț ė֩ ܁ҙ սς ۋۻۍ 1947țق ܼؖ ɳڦۆ ęॡşց

ٍĵՙۍ ҚܓԸٍܼؖĵՙÀ Ժςʼؽɰ. ۋìڹ ĶÀ ɳڦۆ ą

܃ьۻ ćনۋǣ ۻ͜ں սςॠş ۋۻق ߸ݕʽ ìڷͿ ҚॢقԴ ęॡşցں ڍԸ֨ॠə ۻࣀۆ ֨ۚں ۆйॢɰ.¹⁷⁾ۋ ٍĵՙə ۻ ۮں ä࠘ϸԴ ښҚ ęॡۙ, ۙߕ تՁॢ ۍۦ, ՙʹ ф ʴڮͥق ࣷ

þʻʏ ڮॡԦ ˣڷͿ ۻЛ ۍͳۆ őϿÀ ࠶ܐČ, ęॡٍĵ টʴę

Ԧԓইۤق ʂॢ ęॡşց ݓڙں ɺɾॠə ęॡڙ(ইۦ ĶÀęॡ ڙ)ڷͿ Ձۤॠي ইۦūݓ Қॢۆ ęॡşց ьۻۆ ४֮ۺۍ şě ڷͿԴ ًॣں ɺɾॠČ ەɰ.

̚ॢ 1950țʂ şցআ֪ں ؘՃڏ ߎνυڏʴę ߎνυۚغъ ڏʴں ц࢖ڷͿ ॢ ԓغজÀ Ձė॥ڷͿ׆ ęॡşց ܼ֨ ԐԜۆ

17) Қॢۆ ęॡşց ܼ֨ۆ ۻࣀę ًԐق ʂॢ ۙՃॢ Ǵڌڹ, Ì঒܃, ?Â??Â߸ο Қॢ

ęॡşց܁޾ 70țۆ ًԐ, Ǵێں يə ًԐ뺸, 78঒ (2020), pp. 276~292.ε ޷Č.

܁ɾՁڹ ʌڎ ঝČ३ܐɰ. ॠݓχ ĶÀ ؋ࣹڷͿ ܁࠘ۺ ՙڌʮۋ À äՊʏ 1960țʂε ä࠘ϸԴ ęॡşց ҙЛʪ ॢʴ؋ ࠞߕşε ýؽɰ. 1970țʂ ť܁ێ ঳ćߕ܃À ঝςʽ ۋ঳ ܃2޲ 7Òț ć নۋ ֨ۚʼə 1978țق ą܃ьۻۆ ş҆ ѓॳۋ ܳߕজ, ইʂজ, ęॡজͿ ܁ςʼϸԴ Ŕ ʴ؋ ࠞߕʻʏ ęॡşց ܼ֨ ܁޾ڹ ɰ֨

܃ۙνε ޼ó ʼؽɰ.

1988țҙࢢ ęॡşց ьۻ 3Òț ćনۋ ֬֨ʼؽəʚ, Ïڹ ३

11ښ Ò߯ʽ ɾ ܼؖڦ ۻڙধۆقԴ ۻۙ, ۙʴজ ėغ ьۻق ʂ

ॢ ĵߕۺۍ ܁޾ۋ ޽࢘ʼؽɰ.¹⁸⁾ ॠݓχ 80țʂ ϊق ֨ۚʽ ę ॡşց ьۻćনڹ ėԓܳۆ ݕٖۆ ३ߕ, ťێՁ ܳԵۆ Ԑϐ, ٍۙ

ۦ३ ˣۋ ٍۋر ьԦ३ ֮Áॢ ą܃ڦşق ߌॠϸԴ ܃ʂͿ ֬ই ʼݓ Ї॰ɰ.

1998țق ė֩ ߻ѩॢ ť܁ێ ܁ńڹ ęॡşցں ࣀ३ ą܃ ۦæ

ں ƭॠə ۤşćনں սςॠٕɰ.¹⁹⁾ ęॡşցьۻ 5Òț ćনڹ 1998țق ֨ۚʼر 5ț ɳڦͿ 2017țūݓ 20ț ʴ؋ ߸ݕʼؽɰ.

Қॢڹ 1999țں ęॡۆ ३Ϳ ݓ܁ॠٕČ, 2000ț ֪ț ėʴԐԺ

قԴ ÌՁʂĶ æԺں ڦॢ 3ʂ şˊق ęॡşց ܼ֨À प॥ʼϸ

Դ ť܁ێ ܁ńقԴ ęॡşց ܼ֨ ܁޾ڹ ʌڎ ėČজʼؽɰ. Ŕν

Č ť܁ێ Ķѓڦڙۤڹ 21Ճş(Ԟ Ճş)ε ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂͿ ő܁ॠ

Č ܁҃şց(IT)ں ज़˃Ϳ ߐɳęॡşց ьۻق ܳͳॠş ֨ۚ॰ɰ.

࣢০, 2000țę 2001țق ٍۋر ܼĶں ѓЛॠي ьۻॢ ITԓغ ইۤں ݔۿ Ѐüॢ ť܁ێ Ķѓڦڙۤڹ ۙĶۆ ܁҃ԓغں گՁ

18) ڦۆ Ř, p. 286.

19) ۋߺŖڹ ۋ ֨şҙࢢ Қॢۋ ą܃ćন ʂ֪ق ĶÀęॡşցьۻ 5Òțćনں սς

ॠي ą܃ ۦæں ߸ݕ३ٵɰČ ॠ϶, 2016ț 7޲ ɾʂধقԴ ą܃ьۻ 5Òț ۻ͜Ѐ शÀ սςʼϸԴ ęॡşցьۻćনۋ Ԟ ą܃ьۻćনق ࣀ०ʼؽɰə þ३ε ܃֨

ॠşʪ ॠٕɰ. ۋߺŖ, Қॢۆ ICT ьۻʴॳę ǫҚॢ ঊͳѓ؋, ܁҃ęॡধݓ뺸,

܃37ń 5঒ (2019), p. 24.

३آ ॣ ज़څՁں ࡾó ɗƗɰ. ۋ˺ҙࢢ Қॢۆ ϔߕٮ Лॶق ܁

҃ԓغۋ͆ə ڌرÀ ۙܳ ˣۤॠó ʼؽɰ. 2002ț ֪ț ėʴԐ ԺقԴҙࢢ ܁҃şցę ܁҃ԓغ ڌرÀ ॥ƍ ԐڌʼؽČ, 2003ț قə ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂ शইۋ ߌڼ ˣۤ॰ɰ. ۋ঳ ť܁ێ ܁ńۆ υ ݓφ ३ۍ 2011țūݓ ֪ț ėʴԐԺقԴə ܁҃ԓغ ڌرÀ Ӈݙ ػۋ ˣۤॠٕɰ.

㹄ı"❩㽄ㅀ⿕᳨ᛤ㽁᠘Ⰸ☄㇬ᘄᬬᚬ䁵

ʑe ₉ ₉ ₉ ₉

_ _ _ _

ᵝ

᫵ ŝ ᱽ

ᯙၝ Ğᱽ

ᨱթḡ } ʑeᔑᨦ }

Ğᱽၽᱥ } ᇡྙ } ݡᔢ

ݡ ᖁ⧪ᇡྙ

℁ࠥᕾ┥ɩᗮ

℁ࠥᬕᙹ Ğᱽ}Õ ⩥ݡ⪵

ᨱթḡྙᱽ ⧕đ ᱥಆᔾᔑᱥʑᱩ

᧞ Ŗᨦ ᵝℕ⪵

⩥ݡ⪵

ᯙၝ ᔾ⪽

ᯙၝᔾ⪽ }ᖁ }

ᯙၝᔾ⪽

} ᇡྙ

᜾పྙᱽၰᵝၝ ᔾ⪽ ྙᱽ ⧕đ ׮ᨦ ᙹᔑ ĞŖ ᨦ ᅕÕ

ບ۵ྙᱽ ⧕đ ׮ᨦ⇶ᔑŝᙹ ᙹᔑ

℉݉

ʑᚁ ʑⅩ

*5#5ʑĥŖ⦺

ᝁʑᚁ ॒ }

*5/5#5ᬑᵝʑ ᚁ॒℉݉ʑᚁ } ᇡྙ } ݡᔢ ʑⅩŝ⦺ }

℉݉ŝ⦺ʑᚁ *5 /5 #5 ᨱթḡ ᬑᵝ ⧕᧲ ౩ᯕ ᱡ⥭௝ᷩษ ॒ ʑⅩŝ⦺ }

℉݉ʑᚁ እᵲ ᱽŁ *5 #5 /5 ᝁᗭᰍᝁᨱթḡ ᬑᵝ

ʑⅩŝ⦺ }

⇽⃹ ᯕ⇹ɝđᇢ⦽᮹ *$5 ၽᱥ࠺⨆ŝ ԉᇢ⦽ ⩲ಆႊᦩĒ Q ෝ ₙŁ⦹ᩍ ᱡᯱa ⢽ ᯲ᖒ

2001ț 3ښ 11ێ ť܁ێ ڦڙۤۋ ɾ ܼؖڦڙধ ޾ےێķę ॢ

ɺজ Ԟ Ճş, 21Ճşə ܁҃ԓغۆ ֨ʂۋɰə Қॢۋ ܁҃জ Ԑ ধͿ ۋॱॠş ڦॢ ۻঞ۾ۋ ʼə Ԝݜۺۍ ɺজۋɰ. ۋ ɺজقԴ ť܁ێ ڦڙۤڹ 21Ճşε ܁҃ԓغۆ ֨ʂͿ ő܁ॠϸԴ, ۋ ֨ʂ ق èϑó ܁҃জε ࣀॢ ԓغĵܓ ÒԸ, ࠻ौࢢ ٖۦ تՁ ф ێъ ॡİۆ ࠻ौࢢ İگ ঝʂ, ŖͿۙε ʂԜڷͿ ॢ ܁҃ԓغ şց ॡ֥

ܓݔ, ࠻ौࢢ টڌ ɠͳ ф ȭڹ ęॡşց ݓ֩ں ݓɨ Âҙ Ըь ˣۆ Ճҙ ę܃˞ں ܃֨ॠٕɰ.

2009ț 8ښ 11ێ Ȥʴ֪Л ܁΁-ߐɳں ʮࣷॠ͆قԴ ݓ֩ą܃

֨ʂ ڌرÀ ԐڌʼϸԴ ė֩ۺۍ ݓڦε ন˛ॠٕɰ. ۋ ŘقԴə

ٍॠşćėۤۆ CNC ėۚşć Òь Ձęε ՙÒॠ϶ ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂ

ۍ ١ɚقə CNC ėۚşćε χ˞ ս ەəÀ ػəÀÀ ǣ͆˞ۆ ą

܃ սܵں थÀॠə ߍʪ²⁰⁾͆Č سśॠٕɰ. ۋˠ३ 2010ț ֪ț ėʴԐԺقԴʪ ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂ ڌرÀ ɰ֨ Ԑڌʽ ۋ঳ ݓ֩ą܃֨

ʂ ڌرə Қॢۆ ė֩ ϔߕǣ ЛॶقԴ Ҿѥॠó Ԑڌʼş ֨ۚॠ

ٕɰ. ۋ঳ ܁҃ԓغę ݓ֩ą܃ ڌرÀ ʴ֨ق ঔۦʼر ԐڌʼČ ەɰ. ѺॡЛ(2016)ڹ ݓ֩ą܃À ܁҃ԓغں पĜॠə Òȝۋ͆Č ॠ϶, Ŕ ŖäͿ Қॢڹ ۍΪ ą܃ۆ ֨ʂε Ȭغą܃-ėغą܃-ݓ

֩ą܃ۆ 3ɳćͿ ĵқॠəʚ ˃ ѥݫ ɳćۍ ėغą܃ ɳćق ܁҃

ԓغ֨ʂ ɺ΁ۋ प॥ʼر ەş ˺Лۋ͆Č Ժϼॠٕɰ.²¹⁾

ť܁ێ ܁ńقԴə ۋй ܁҃জÀ ԞͿڏ Ԧԓت֩ۆ ѩڦε Ȋ ر ԐধЛজѺʴں ۋǏə ܳڅ ʴۍڷͿ Ӈβó ьۻॣ ìں ٚþ

ॠٕɰ. ܁҃জÀ ҆üۺڷͿ ߸ݕʼş ֨ۚॢ 2000țʂ ߣъق ь

Âʽ Қॢ Лॶں ҃ϸ, ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂə ܁࠘, ą܃, Лজε Ҽ΅ॢ

ԐধԦটۆ Ͽ˜ қآق ܁҃şցۋ ʂʂۺڷͿ ʪۓʼي ܁҃ԓغ ۋ ܓݔজ, ęॡজսܵق ۆॠي Ԑধą܃ьۻۋ ܟڍʼə ֨ʂۋ ɰ²²⁾͆Č ԺϼॠČ ەɰ. ̚ ܁҃şցę ܁҃ԓغۋ Ԑ͊˞ۆ Ԧ ԓটʴę Ԑধটʴڹ Н΁ À܁Ԧটق ۋβşūݓ Ͽ˜ қآق ۺ

ڌʼي Ŕ˞ۆ Ԑধą܃Ԧটۻъں Ѻআ֨ࢅČ ەɰ²³⁾϶ ܁҃জÀ

20) ܁΁-ߐɳں ʮࣷॠ͆, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2009.8.11.

21) ѺॡЛ, ť܁ڹ ܁ń ęॡşց ܁޾ۆ ࣢ݜę ԓغ ьۻ ۻ͜, ࣀێҙ ĶÀٍĵÒь

҃ČԴ (2018), p. 23.

22) ťԜॡ, ܁҃ԓغۆ ьۻę ԐধܳۆÌՁʂĶæԺ, p. 18.

À܋٤ Қॢ Ԑধ ۻъۆ ĵܓۺ Ѻজε ۻϐॠČ ەɰ. 2009țق

ьÂʽ 뺷ġϼіęԐۻ뺸ڹ ܁҃şցڹ ąٖ, Śڵ, Ԧԓ, ۆΒ, İ

ࣀ, ঞą҃঒, İگқآε Ҽ΅ॢ ۍлą܃ۆ Ͽ˜ қآق ś՚০ ʪۓʼČ ەɰ²⁴⁾Č ܁ۆॠٕɰ. ۋə ҚॢقԴ ܁҃şցۆ ʪۓۋ ą܃ қآε Ȋر Ԑধ Ͽ˜ ًٖڷͿ ঝʂʾ ìۋ͆ə ۻϐں ɺČ ەɰ.

2010țق 뺷ą܃ٍĵ뺸ق ֬ο ॢ ȦЛقԴ ܁҃şցۆ ьۻڹ Ŗ

Ϳۙ˞ۆ Лϼॢ ЛজԦটں ҃ۤॠə ʚԴʪ ܼڅॢ ًॣں ॢɰ.

(ܼ͜) ܁҃şցۆ ʪۓڷͿ ٖজٮ İگ, Лজ١͇қآۆ ޻ۚę

҃śقԴ নşۺۍ ۻѺۋ ێرǣČ ەɰ²⁵⁾͆϶ ܁҃şց ьۻۋ À܋٤ ܳл˞ۆ ЛজԦট ت֩قԴۆ ࢀ Ѻজε ٚČ॰ɰ. ৞й΄

óʪ ۋٮ Ïڹ ۻϐڹ 10țۋ ݓǦ ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ই֬Ϳ ĵইʼ Č ەɰ.

ۋԜقԴ şցॢ Қॢ ЛॶقԴ ɰΠݓČ ەə ܁҃জ ̚ə ܁҃

şցق ʂॢ Ժϼڹ Қॢ ɾĶۋ ߸ݕॠČ ەə ܁҃জ ܁޾ۆ ݓॳ

۾ ̚ə ьۻ ѓॳں ۻϐॠə ʚ ޷ČÀ ʽɰ. Қॢ ɾĶۋ ߸ݕॠČ ەə ܁҃জə ą܃Ԑধ ۻъۆ ĵܓۺ ѺʴۋČ, ьۻت֩ۆ Ѻজ ۋ϶, Ճćۺ ߸Ճق ˏ̆رݓݓ ؍Č ߸üॠͲə ьۻۻ͜ۋɰ. ť Եݕ(2020)ڹ Қॢۋ 1990țʂ äۆ ңĨ ݔۻۋؽʏ ą܃ε 2000ț ʂ ۋ঳ ۦæॠə ę܁قԴ ڙԜ ҄ĵÀ ؉ɨ ইʂজٮ ܁҃জε ࣀॢ

ʌ ȭڹ սܵۆ ԓغ ьۻں ݓॳ॰Č, ۋ͠ॢ ܁޾ ݓॳۋ ۍлԦট

ॳԜق şيॢ ࠑϸۋ ەڷ϶, ࣢০, ܁҃ࣀ֪ şցۆ ۋڌڹ Ķٖą

܃ۆ ۦæę Ԑą܃ টʴ تޅ Ͽ˃ق ࢀ ʪړۋ ʼؽں ìڷͿ थÀ

23) চѿԸ, ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂۆ ࣢ݜ, p. 18.

24) ܓԸіęԐۻڦڙধ, 뺷ġϼіęԐۻ뺸(थت: іęԐۻ߻ࣺԐ, 2009), p. 333.

25) ܓϼ঒, ۍлԦটॳԜقԴ ܁҃şցۆ ьۻۋ Ȥə ًॣ, ą܃ٍĵ뺸, 2010ț 3঒

(2010), p. 19.

॰ɰ.²⁶⁾ ܁҃şցۆ ьۻę ۋڌڷͿ Қॢܳлۆ ą܃Ԧট ф Лজ ԦটقԴ ǣࢍǦ Ѻজۆ تԜę ֬ࢗə ۤę ۤقԴ ۙՃ০ ɰΠ ݗ ìۋɰ.

᪀ᠨㇽㄨㇽ᝴ㅀㇽ⛜䀼⒑㹄〨Ⳍ㚄

ť܁ڹ ܁ńڹ Ըʂ ܁ńقԴٮ υ޴ÀݓͿ ą܃ьۻں þۍॠə

սɳڷͿԴ ęॡşց ܼ֨ ܁޾ں ć֧ॠٕɰ. ť܁ێ ܁ńقԴ 21Ճ şε ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂͿ ő܁॰ˢۋ, ť܁ڹ ܁ń ً֨ Ԟ Ճş, 21Ճ şə ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂ, ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂۋɰ²⁷⁾͆϶ Ըʂ ܁ńę Ïڹ ֨

ʂ ۍ֩ں ć֧, ėڮॠČ ەɰ.²⁸⁾ ڮٖĵ(2021)ə ߯ߐɳʮࣷۻۆ

ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂٮ Ԟ Ճş ԓغআϼۆ ֪঒࢏ۋ ť܁ێ ֨ʂق ד؉ܐ ڷǣ ť܁ڹ ֨ʂق ҆üۺۍ ֬ߎق ʮۓ॰ɰ϶ ˃ ܁ńۆ ć֧ę আ֪ں थÀ॰ɰ.²⁹⁾

ť܁ڹڹ 2010ț 9ښ ɾʂशۙধۆقԴ ė֩ۺڷͿ ঳ćۙͿ ߸

ʂʼş ۋۻҙࢢ ť܁ێ Ķѓڦڙۤۆ ইݓݓʪق ʴॱॠ϶ ঳ćۙ

սغں ыؕɰ. ۋ ঳ćۙ սغقə ܁҃জ ҙЛʪ प॥ʼؽɰ. ই ۦ Қॢ ϔߕǣ Лॶں ࣀ३ ঝۍʽ цق ۆॠϸ ť܁ڹڹ 2008ț

12ښ ť܁ێ ڦڙۤۆ ۙÌʪ ইݓݓʪق ʴॱॠٕɰ. ۋ Ԑ֬ڹ

2010ț 12ښ ۙÌʪ ইݓݓʪε ɰΚ Ȥʴ֪Лۆ şԐٮ ॥ƍ ėÒʽ

Ԑݕں ࣀ३ ঝۍʼؽɰ.³⁰⁾ ŔνČ ۋ˺ ť܁ێ ڦڙۤę ť܁ڹۋ

26) ťԵݕ, Қॢ ęॡşց ܁޾ۆ Ձęٮ ॢć, ŔνČ ۻϐ, KDI Қॢą܃νү뺸,

܃22ń 3঒ (2020), p. 4.

27) νşՁ, 뺷ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂٮ Ԟ Ճş ԓغআϼ뺸(थت: Ԑধęॡ߻ࣺԐ, 2019), p. 42.

28) ѺॡЛڹ ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂ͆ə ֨ʂ ő܁ڹ ť܁ێ ܁ń ϊşق ঍Ձʼر ť܁ڹ ܁ńڷ

Ϳ ۋرݕ Òȝۋ͆ə þ३ε ܃֨॰ɰ. ѺॡЛ, ť܁ڹ ܁ńԞ Ճş ԓغআϼ ȤԸ ۆ ঍Ձ ę܁, ॢĶęॡԐॡধݓ뺸, 38ń 3঒ (2016), p. 500.

29) ڮٖĵ, 뺷ť܁ڹۆ ą܃ьۻۻ͜ I뺸(ࣷܳ: ąۍЛজԐ, 2021), p. 304.

30) ڦʂॢ ͺʪۙ ť܁ێʴݓƍԴ श҆ėۤڷͿ ۻѺʽ ৠߎʹॠşćܛ०ėۤں ইݓ

ۙÌʪۆ ۻۙغИٍĵՙε ѓЛ॰ɰə Ԑ֬ۋ ঳ق эঅܐɰ.

2012ț 12ښق ߻Âʽ 뺷ধԜ֬ş ȿԸķআϼͺʪε ۋرÀ֨϶ɀ܃

1ń뺸قə 2008ț 12ښ 16ێ ۙÌʪ ۻۙغИٍĵՙق ť܁ێ ڦڙ

ۤę ť܁ڹۋ ʴॱॢ ێق ʂ३ ɾ֨ ۙÌʪɾ ޾ےҼԴٕʏ чʪ ߺۋ ধԜॠə Řۋ ֬͹ɰ.³¹⁾

ۙÌʪ ۻۙغИٍĵՙə ߯ߣۆ ۻۙغИٍĵՙͿԴ ۋ ইݓݓ

ʪε ćşͿ ʪ ɳڦε Ȋر ֨, ķ ɳڦūݓ ঝʂ Ժ࠘ʼؽČ, ǣܼ

ق ʪ܁҃জěνĶۋ Ԟ΄ó Ժ࠘ʼϸԴ ԓॠق ڦ࠘ॠó ʼؽɰ.

ŔνČ ۻۙغИٍĵՙۆ ܳڅ ےИə Ԧԓইۤۆ ąٖটʴ, ęॡş

ց টʴ ŔνČ Ԧԓė܁ۆ ࠻ौࢢজق ज़څॢ ॒ͿŔ͖ں Òьॠə

ìۋؽɰ.³²⁾ 2008ț 12ښ ۙÌʪۆ ۻۙغИٍĵՙق ʂॢ ť܁ێ ڦڙۤę ť܁ڹۆ ʴॱ ইݓݓʪə ۋ঳ ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ߸ݕʽ

܁҃জ ܁޾ں ۋ३ॠə ٍĀČνۆ ॠǣۋɰ.

ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ܁҃জÀ ҆üۺڷͿ ߸ݕʼə ֪঒࢏ۋۙ ܁҃

জۆ ڦԜę Ѐश, ŔνČ ѓॳՁۋ ĵߕۺڷͿ ܃֨ʽ ìڹ ݚń ݔ঳ۍ 2012ț ֪ț ėʴԐԺۋ͆Č ॣ ս ەɰ. ėʴԐԺڹ ť܁ێ

֨ʂق ܁࠘ԐԜÌĶę ķԐÌĶۋ ֬ইʼؽş ˺Лق ť܁ڹ ܁ń

قԴə ą܃ÌĶں æԺ॥ڷͿ׆ ԐধܳۆÌĶ æԺ ڦغں ٰՁॣ

ìۋ͆ə äʂ ĶÀьۻ Ҽۻں ܃֨ॠٕɰ. ŔνČ ą܃ÌĶ æԺ ۆ ԞͿڏ ۻ͜ڷͿ׆ Ԟ Ճş ԓغআϼę ॥ƍ ??????Ì?ݓ֩ą܃঍ÌĶ?Gæ?

æԺ Ѐशε ėशॠٕɰ.³³⁾ ǣ؉À ėʴԐԺڹ ԦԓقԴ CNC(࠻ौ

ݓʪॠٕ֨ɰ, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2010.12.22.

31) ܓԸͿʴɾ߻ࣺԐ, 뺷Ըķআϼͺʪε ۋرÀ֨϶ 1뺸(थت: ܓԸͿʴɾ߻ࣺԐ, 2012).

32) ۻۙغИٍĵՙق ʂॢ ۙՃॢ Ǵڌڹ Ì঒܃, ۻۙغИٍĵՙ - ݓѓ Ԧԓইۤق

ۙʴজ, ࠻ौࢢজ ɺɾܓݔ, νʌ֯ İߕۆ ۆй, (NKࢬࡾ ҵνय़, 2020.6.24.)

<http://www.nktech.net/inform/nkt_briefing/nkt_briefing_v2.jsp> (êԟێ: 2021.

6.1.).ε ޷ܓॣ ì.

33) ڦʂॢ ť܁ێʴݓۆ ڮ঵ں ы˞ر 2021țں ÌՁ ҙ৞ۆ ۻՁşÀ डߝݓə ͎ۙ

ࢢս࠘܃ر) սܵ ܃Čٮ ʌҝر ܁҃şց, ǣȤşց, ԦНėॡ ˣ ४֮ şߣşցę ęॡşցۆ ۍۦ تՁں ĐۙͿ ॠə ęॡşց ь ۻۆ Ճҙ ę܃˞ں ܃֨॰ɰ.

ڍνə ֪߯֩ CNCėۚşćԦԓقԴ Ҽأۺ ьۻں ۋΙॢ ʹ ॠۆ Òߍ܁֪, ʹॠۆ ޻ܓ şॄڷͿ ۻъۺ şց ۤҼ սܵں Ԟ Ϳڏ ȭڹ ɳćق ٤ͲՃڗآ ॢɰ. ۍлą܃ Ͽ˜ ҙЛ, Ͽ˜ ɳ ڦقԴ ۙߕۆ Ԟ şց, Ԟ ܃ुÒьɠͳں Ā܁ۺڷͿ ȭۋ϶ ڍ ν ą܃ۆ ϸϿε şցݚأ঍ڷͿ ۻѺ֨ࢅş ڦॢ Ԑغں ۻϐՁ ەó нČ ǣÀآ ॢɰ. ęॡٍĵşě˞قԴə ܁҃şց, ǣȤş ց, ԦНėॡę Ïڹ ४֮ şߣşցę ܼڅҙЛ şցėॡьۻق ʌ

ࢀ ৪ں ȏڷ϶ Ճćε ˥˥Č ٤͆Ժ ս ەə ٍĵՁę˞ں ʌ ψ

ۋ ǴȮ؉آ ॢɰ.³⁴⁾

ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ܁҃জ ьۻں ۋǑ څۍ˞ ܼ ॠǣə ĶÀ࣊ۙ

ۆ ݒʂۋɰ. <श -2>ə 2012~2021ț ʴ؋ Қॢ ɾĶۋ ьशॢ

ĶÀٚԓ ݓ߻ćন ܼقԴ ęॡşց ҙЛۆ ٚԓݓ߻ ݒÀڱں ǣ

ࢍǶ ìۋɰ. ęॡşց ҙЛۆ ٚԓݓ߻قə ܁҃জ ěʹ ٚԓݓ߻

ʪ प॥ʼر ەɰ. 2014ț~2016țۆ 3ț ֨şε ܃ٽॠϸ ǣϢݓ

ٍʪ˞قԴə ęॡşց ҙЛۆ ٚԓݓ߻ ݒÀڱڹ ۻߕٚԓ ݓ߻

ݒÀڱق Ҽ३ ȭؕɰ. ۋìڹ ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ęॡşց ьۻں ڦ ३ Ԝɾ০ ܳͳ॰ڼں ҃يܵɰ.

޴ ֧νۆ ३Ϳ ӆǴۋۙ, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2012.1.1.

34) ڦۆ şԐ.

㹄ı"᝕ᗨ⿰⪘㎨㞄ᚬ䁵㋹ᛤ㽁᠘Ⰸ❨┠ㅀ㎅ᗨㄐ

ᩑࠥ

ᱥℕᩩᔑ

ŝ⦺ʑᚁ

݉᭥

⇽⃹↽ḡᩢđᇢ⦽↽Łᯙၝ⫭᮹ᱽʑᱽ₉⫭᮹ᇥᕾᩩđᔑԕᬊᮥᵲᝍᮝಽĒ ☖ᯝᩑ Ǎᬱ 0OMJOF 4FSJFT $0 Q IUUQTVTXFC[PPNVTK QXE74U8E%35.772.)3*B77$EEQD7"E[ áᔪᯝ

ᮥ ₙŁ⦹ᩍ ᱡᯱa ⢽ ᯲ᖒ

2016ț 7޲ ɾʂধقԴ ޽࢘ʽ ԐغĀ܁Դε ࣀ३ ęॡşց ьۻ

ق ʂॢ ť܁ڹ ܁ńۆ ۆݓε ঝۍॣ ս ەɰ. ʴ Ā܁ԴقԴ ť܁

ڹ ڦڙۤڹ ęॡşցÌĶ æԺں ЀशͿ ܃֨ॠϸԴ ֬ߎę܃ق ʂ३ ԜՃ০ سśॠٕɰ. Ŕə ęॡşցͳۋ ĶÀۆ Àۤ ܼڅॢ ۻ

͜ۺ ۙڙۋ϶ ʴ֨ق Ԑধьۻۆ Ìͳॢ ߸ʴͳۋ͆Č Ìܓ॰ɰ.

ŔνČ ڍԸۺڷͿ ݚܼ ьۻ֨ࡈآ ॣ ४֮şߣşց ܼقԴ ܁҃

şցں ߒ ѥݫͿ سśॠٕɰ. ۋٮ Ïڹ ܁޾ Ā܁ۆ ֬ߎ ۆݓə

<श -2>قԴ ҃ۋˢ 2017țҙࢢ ęॡşց ҙЛۆ ĶÀٚԓ ݓ߻

ݒÀڱۋ ɂق ̺ó Ԝ֧ॢ ìڷͿ ঝۍॣ ս ەɰ.

ॠݓχ ęॡşց ҙЛۆ ĶÀٚԓ ݓ߻ ݒÀڱۋ ȭ؉ݓČ ܁҃

şցق ʂॢ ߯Čݓʪۙۆ ࣢ѻ ě֮ۋ ėÒۺڷͿ शϼʼؽɰČ ॠي ɾۤ Қॢۆ ܁҃জ ьۻ ՚ʪÀ ӊ͆ܐɰČ ॣ ս ػɰ. ݓѓ ۋǣ ॠڦ ɳڦۆ ąڍ ܁҃জ ঞąں χ˚ə ʚ ज़څॢ ٚԓ ҙܔۋ Àۤ ࢀ Л܃ٕɰ. ৞йͿڏ ìڹ ٚԓ ҙܔں ३Āॠə ę܁قԴ ێҙ ɳڦقԴ Ԝغ ۙ҆ęۆ ঊͳěćÀ ঍Ձʼə ąڍÀ ьԦॠ şʪ ॠٕɰ.

Қॢۋ࢐ܳл Ԑͻ 9ۆ ݒسق ˰βϸ, 2017țق ֨, ķ, ĵ ɳڦ ق ۻۙʪԴě ̚ə й͒ڙں χ˞͆ə ݓࠞۋ ǴͲٮ ܁ҙۆ ݓڙ ڷͿ ३ɾ æНں ֪߹ ̚ə Ò߹ॠي υʹ॰ڷǣ æН ؋ق ޽ڗآ

ॣ ࠻ौࢢ˞ں ۙߕ ɳڦقԴ υʹ३آ ॠə Л܃À ьԦ॰ɰČ ॢ ɰ. ˰͆Դ ٚԓ يͳۋ ػə ɳڦۆ ąڍ ३ɾ ėÂں ʬ ەə л

Âۍقó ڦࢎॠي ࠻ौࢢε Ժ࠘ॠó ॠي Ͻ țÂ սیԐغں ҃

ۤ३ܳČ ३ɾ ɳڦق ࠻ौࢢε şҙॠə ѓ֩ں ࠄॠşʪ ॰ɰČ

ॢɰ.

ٍĵۙ: й͒ڙۋ ۻۙʪԴěۍÀڅ?

ĵցۙ: Ȑ, ϑ֥ɦɰ. ֨, ķ ɳڦق ەʏ ۻࣀʪԴěں ۻۙʪԴ ěڷͿ Òठॢ äٚڅ. Ŕ͒Դ ʂߕͿ ۻࣀʪԴěۆ ěۤ

ں ॠʏ Ԑ͊˞ۋ ŔȂ ۻۙʪԴěۆ, Ŕ й͒ڙۋ͆Č ॠ

ə Ėۆ ޾ےۙͿ ٦ûٵرڅ. ŔνČ Ͽ˜ ֨, ķ, ĵقԴ ۻۙʪԴěں ݓرܶ ʚ ʂॢ Ŕ͢ څĵÏڹ ó ǴͲٵر څ. 2017țۍÀ. Ŕ ˺ަ ۆИۺڷͿ ࠻ौࢢ Ͻ ʂε ȮČ, ĶÀϐ Ǔر˞ۋČ, æНۆ ڌۺ رɗ ܁ʪ ʼرآ ॠČ, Ŕ͢ څĵ ܓæۋ ψ؉Դ ķ, ĵ ɳڦقԴ 50%ə ֪߹ں

॰Č ǣϢݓ 50%ə ۋй ەʏ æН ܞڹ è ǴԴ ۻۙʪ Դěق ܾä˜څ. ŔνČ Л܃ə Ŕ ؋ق ࠻ौࢢε ޽ڍə äۜ؉څ. ࠻ौࢢε ޽ڍə ìʪ ߐٚॢ Л܃ɦū, ݕݠ ۙ ş ɳڦۆ ʬں ࢥرԴ ॢ Ԑ͊˞ڹ ضυ ػĵڅ. ɰ ۙş ɺɾۋä˜څ. ť޾ ۻۙʪԴěۋ͆Č ॠϸ ť޾֨À ؎

؉Դ ३آ ʼə äٚڅ. Ŕ͒Դ ĵقԴ ر̅ ֩ۆ ܁޾ں तǽϸ, ܳѺق ܘ ą܃ۺ يڮÀ ʼə Ԑ͊˞قó ȃ ي ş ˞رÀԴ PCѓں 2~3ț ३͆ॠČ սیۋ ǣϸ 2~3ț

঳ق ۋی ы؉Դ ǣÀ͆Č ॠə äܯ. ࠻ौࢢə ȮČڅ.

ۋ͢ ֩ۆ ܃؋ں ψۋ ॰رڅ. (Ԑͻ 9)

ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ۻĶۺ ĶÀ܁҃ϐۋ ĵ߹ʿڷͿ׆ ėė ܁҃ۿ

ŖՁۋ ࡾó ÒԸʼؽɰ. 2016ț 1ښق ęॡşցۻɾۋ ܵėʽ ۋ঳

ęॡşցۻɾں ä۾ڷͿ ۻĶۺ ѩڦقԴۆ ęॡşց ܁҃Ȑ࣡ڗ

ࡾÀ ĵ߹ʼČ, şغՙ ėۤ Ȭۤ Ǵ ęॡşց҃ś֬ۋ Ժ࠘ʼČ ݓѓق й͒ڙۋ͆Č ҝνə ۻۙʪԴěۋ χ˞رܐڷ϶, ęॡşց

҃ś֬ę й͒ڙۋ ęॡşցۻɾę ٍĀʼϸԴ ŖͿۙ ф ێъ ܳл

ۆ ܁҃ۿŖՁۋ ÒԸʼؽɰ.

ęॡşց҃śۆ ܼ֮şݓۍ ęॡşցۻɾں ܼ֮ڷͿ ۻĶۺۍ

҃śϐں ঍Ձॠي ԞͿڏ ęॡşցۙΒ˞ۋ ܼؖقԴҙࢢ ϊɳق ۋβşūݓ Нۋ ৔βˢۋ ҃śʼʪ΀ ॠə ìۋɰ.³⁵⁾

ॠݓχ ܁҃ϐۋ ėėًٖں ܼ֮ڷͿ ĵ߹ʼČ ەş ˺Лق ێ ъ ܳл˞ۋ Òۍۺۍ ėÂقԴ ܁҃ϐق ۿŖॠə ìڹ ݓŕ০ ܃

ॢʼر ەر টڌՁۋ ϔڍ ǰڹ Ԝࢗۋɰ. 2017ț MICS ҃ČԴق

˰βϸ ݚقԴ ۍ࣡͆Ȗق ۿŖॣ ս ەə Àĵۆ Ҽڱڹ 1.4%ق ҝ ęॠ϶, ܁҃জ սܵۋ Àۤ ȭڹ थت֨ۆ ąڍʪ 5.2%ۍ ìڷͿ ǣࢍǮɰ.³⁶⁾

ĶÀϐق ۿŖॠə ʚ ъ˚֨ äߝآ ॠə ۍݒ ۼ޲ٮ Òѻ Àĵ

À ĶÀϐں Ժ࠘ॠş ڦ३ ҙɺ३آ ॠə ȭڹ Ҽڌڹ ʂܼۆ ܁҃

ۿŖں ܃أॠə ̚ ɰδ څۍۋɰ. Қॢۋ࢐ܳл Ԑͻ 9ۆ ݒسق

˰βϸ, ĶÀϐق ۿ՚ॣ ˺ə ڍνۆ ۻۙ ėۍۍݒԴٮ Ïۋ ֪ڙ

ں ঝۍॣ ս ەə ۍݒں ३آ ॠČ Òѻ ÀĵÀ ۍ࣡͆Ȗں Ԑڌॠ

ş ڦ३ ĶÀϐں ݚūݓ Ǔرٮ Ժ࠘ॠə ʚ أ 2ߎ ɵ͠ ܁ʪۆ Ҽڌۋ ˜ɰČ ॢɰ.

35) ۻлęॡşցۍۦজ֬ইق ۺŕ şي, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2018.2.9., ۦۍڌ: ѕߏΗ, ݓ

֩঍şغۆ ҆ݗۺ ࣢ݜ, ą܃ٍĵ뺸, 2020ț 2঒ (2020), p. 24.

36) Central Bureau of Statistics of the DPR Korea and UNICEF, DPR Korea Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017, Survey Findings Report, p. 31.

ٍĵۙ: 2016ț 1ښق ęॡşցۻɾۋ Òě॰ۜ؉څ. Ŕ͒Դ Қق Դ ۻĶق ۻۙʪԴěۋǣ ٍĵşě, ʂॡ, ܳڅ şغՙ˞

ۋ ɰ ęॡşցۻɾę ٍĀʼó χ˞͆Č ३Դ ܁҃İΪॣ

ս ەóǖ ॰ۜ؉څ. ۋ ܁޾ڹ ر˥ūݓ ݕॱʽ äٚڅ?

ĵցۙ: ۋй ɰ ٍĀʼر ەرڅ.

ٍĵۙ: й͒ڙ ÀԴ ࠻ौࢢ ۿ՚ॠϸ äşԴ И֡ ѥ঒Ïڹ ä ȏ Č ͿŔۍॠϸ...

ĵցۙ: Òۍ ۍݒۋ ەرڅ. ĶÀϐۋ͆ə ʚ ۿ՚ॠəʚ, ֪ڙۋ ঝ֬࠘ ؍ڹ Ԑ͊ڹ ؋ ʺڅ. Ǵ ۍݒۋ ɰ ەرآ ॠČڅ.

ėۍۍݒԴÏڹ ɗǟۋܯ.

ٍĵۙ: ݚقʪ цͿ ĶÀϐ ǓرٮԴ ׸ ս ەə äٚڅ?

ĵցۙ: ॢ 2,000ҝ ܁ʪ Ǵϸ Ǔرٮڅ. й͒ڙūݓə ɰ ࡀۋҸ ۋ ˞رÀ ەرڅ. й͒ڙ ؘ ߕ֪ՙūݓə ĶÀÀ Ԑϼۺ ڷͿ Ǔرڅ. Ͽ˜ ֨, ķ, ĵ ߕ֪ՙūݓ Àڅ. ߕ֪ՙÀ ʼó ܼ֮ۋä˜څ. ǴÀ Òۍۍʚ, ǴÀ ݚقԴ ĶÀϐ Ǔ ر˞ۋČ ֲɰČ ॠϸ ǴÀ ߕ֪ՙقԴҙࢢ ݚūݓ Ǔر

˞رآ ʼə... Ŕɦū ࡀۋҸҼ͎ ėԐҼε Ǵآ ʼəʚ, ėԐҼə ʬۋ ضυ ؋ ˞رڅ. Ԑ͊˞ۋ Ȥʴͳۋ ֳɦū.

ࡀۋҸÉۋ ʼó ܼڅॠä˜څ. ݓνۺڷͿ ϥϸ ʌ ˞Č, Àūڍϸ ʑ ˞Č. (Ԑͻ 9)

ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴ ܁҃জ ьۻں ۋǏə ܳڅ ʴͳ ܼ ॠǣə ۍۦت Ձ ܁޾ۋɰ. Қॢڹ 2021ț 7ښ ݓ՚Àɠॢ ьۻЀश(SDGs)ۆ ۋॱ

ইডę ěʹॠي ߯ߣͿ ڮلߪধق ܃߻ॢ VNR ҃ČԴقԴ Ͽ˃ε

ݓ֩঍ ȤʴۙͿ ܵҼॢɰə ĶÀьۻЀशε ܃֨ॠٕɰ.³⁷⁾ ۋ Ѐश

37) Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, Voluntary National Review On the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable Development, The United Nations, June, 2021, <https://sustainabledevelopment.un.or> (Accessed July 8, 2021), p. 8.

ε ֬ইॠş ڦॢ ֬ߎ ѓ؋ڷͿԴ ۻлęॡşցۍۦজÀ ߸ݕʼČ ەɰ.

ۻлęॡşցۍۦজ͈ Ԑধۆ Ͽ˜ Ձڙ˞ں ʂॡ ܖغ ܁ʪۆ

ݓ֩ں ՙڮॢ ݓ֩঍ ŖͿۙͿ, ęॡşց ьۻۆ ɺɾۙͿ ܵҼ֨

ࢅş ڦॢ Ԑغ³⁸⁾ۋɰ. ۋìڹ ێܛۆ ʂܼۺ şցআ֪ں ࣀॢ Ԑ

ধÒܓ ԐغڷͿԴ, ĵߕۺۍ ֬ߎ ѓѪڹ ؉͒ۆ ۍڌŘقԴ ǣࢍǣ

ˢ ęॡşցۻɾę ϐڷͿ ٍĀʽ ęॡşց҃ś֬ں ۻĶۆ ėۤ ş

غՙ ф ঊʴȬۤ ˣ Ͽ˜ Ԧԓɳڦ˞ق Ժ࠘ॠي ęॡşցۆ ҃ś

՚ʪε ȭۋČ ܁҃জ֨ʂق ज़څॢ ۍۦε ɳşÂق ġѩڦॠó گ Ձॠə ìۋɰ.

Ͽ˜ ŖͿۙ˞ں ݓ֩঍ŖͿۙͿ ܵҼ֨ࢅş ڦ३Դə ėۤ, ş غՙ, ঊʴȬۤ˞قԴ ęॡşցۻɾę ϐڷͿ ʹĀʽ ęॡşց҃

ś֬ں ۞ ƴͲȮČ ڏٖں ܁Ԝজॠي ŖͿۙ˞ۆ ęॡşցݓ֩

սܵں ȭۋ϶ Ŕ˞ۋ ३ɾ ɳڦۆ şցьۻق ۺŕ ۋцݓॠʪ΀

ॠيآॢɰ.³⁹⁾

ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴə ą܃ۆ ইʂজٮ ܁҃জε սॱॣ ս ەə ۍ

ۺ ۙڙۆ ۦԦԓ ѓ֩قԴ ێʂ ۻঞں ƭॠٕɰ. ॡİ İگقԴ ܁

҃şց İگۋ ÌজʼČ, ۻлęॡşցۍۦজε ࣀ३ ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂ

̚ə ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂق ज़څॢ ݓ֩ں Í߸ʪ΀ ŖͿۙ˞ں تՁ ̚ə ۦİگॠə ܁޾ۋ ߸ݕʼؽɰ. ࣢০, ɳşÂ ġѩڦॢ қآقԴ Ԟ Ϳڏ ۍۦε تՁॠČ ۦİگں ݕॱॠş ڦ३ ڙüİگ ѓ֩ۋ ۺ ŕۺڷͿ ʪۓʼؽɰ.

38) ՜ٖԵ, ڍν ĶÀą܃ۆ ьۻʴͳ, ą܃ٍĵ뺸, 2020ț 4঒ (2020), p. 13.

39) νٖߏ, Ԟ Ճş ԓغআϼۆ څĵق ϑó Ԧԓۆ ą܃ۺ মęՁں ȭۋə ʚԴ ǣԴə

ܼڅॢ Л܃, ą܃ٍĵ뺸, 2020ț 2঒ (2020), p. 16.

2012ț 4ښق Ò߯ʽ ܓԸȤʴɾ ܃4޲ ʂशۙধٮ ߯Čۍлধۆ

܃12ş ܃5޲ ধۆقԴ ť܁ڹڹ ÁÁ ɾ ܃1ҼԴٮ Ķѓڦڙধ ܃1 ڦڙۤڷͿ ߸ʂʿڷͿ׆ ߯Č ٖʪۙͿԴۆ ė֩ ݓڦε صؽɰ.

ŔνČ Ïڹ ३ 9ښق Ò߯ʽ ߯Čۍлধۆ ܃12ş ܃6޲ ধۆقԴ

Ѫͺ ۻъۺ 12ț܃ ۆИİگں ֬֨॥ق ʂॠيÀ ޽࢘ʼؽɰ.

ۋ Ѫͺۆ Đۙə şܕۆ 4ț܃ ՙॡİε 5ț܃ ՙॡİͿ ۻঞॠČ

ܼˣİگق ՚ॠə ܼॡİε ߣśܼॡİ 3ț܃ٮ Čśܼॡİ 3ț܃

Ϳ ڏٖॢɰə ìۋɰ. ۋͿ׆ ॡİ ۻ İگ 1țں प॥ॠي şܕۆ

11ț ۆИİگ܃ʪÀ 12ț ۆИİگ܃ʪͿ ۻঞʼə ìۋɰ.

12ț܃Ϳۆ ॡ܃ Òठ ٽقʪ ۋ ѪͺقԴ ɂيûҌآ ॠə ʂЀ

ڹ ܁҃şց(࠻ौࢢ) İگۋ ʂफ Ìজʼؽɰə ۾ۋɰ. Ȥʴ֪Л

(2012.9.26.)ڹ ۻъۺ 12ț ۆИİگڹ ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂ İگьۻۆ

ই֬ۺ څĵٮ Ճćۺ ߸ۋق ϑó İگۆ ݗں ȭي Ԟ Ճʂ˞ں ܼ ˣێъݓ֩ę ইʂۺۍ şߣşցݓ֩, ޻ܓۺ ɠͳں ՙڮॢ আϼۍ ۦͿ ࢅڍə Àۤ ܁ɾॠČ ڍښॢ İگۋ͆϶ ԞͿ ޽࢘ʽ 12ț܃

ۆИİگۆ ۆۆε Ժϼ॰ɰ.⁴⁰⁾ څ࠸ʂ, ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂق ज़څॢ ۍ ۦε تՁॠş ڦ३Դə ԞͿڏ İگ܃ʪÀ ज़څॠɰə ìۋɰ. Ԟ Ϳڏ İگ Ѫͺۋ ޽࢘ʽ ۋ঳ ՙॡİ 4ॡțҙࢢ ܁҃şցۋ ज़ս İęЀڷͿ Ը܁ʼؽɰ. ۋٮ Ïڹ İگ܃ʪۆ Òठڹ ť܁ێ ܁ń

قԴə ܁҃জق ज़څॢ ۍۦ تՁ ѓ֩ۋ սۦ تՁ ܼ֮ۋؽɰϸ,

ť܁ڹ ܁ńقԴə ێъ ॡİİگߕćε ࣀ३ ҃ठۺ ۍۦ تՁ ѓ

֩ڷͿۆ ۻঞॢɰə ìں ۆйॢɰ.

ۋ঳ ܼˣİگ ɳćقԴ ܁҃şց ҙЛق ࣢জʽ şցČśܼॡ

İÀ ۻĶ ѩڦق ێ܃০ ֪ԺʼϸԴ ݓѓą܃ۆ ܁҃জε սॱॣ

40) ܓԸлܳܳۆۍлėজĶ ߯Čۍлধۆ Ѫͺ ۻъۺ 12ț܃ ۆИİگں ֬֨॥ق ʂॠي, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2012.9.26., ۦۍڌ: ܁ڹй, 뺷ť܁ڹ ܁ńۆ ܁҃জ ֬ࢗٮ ࣢ ݜ: ICT ҙЛں ܼ֮ڷͿ뺸(Դڐ: ࣀێٍĵڙ, 2019), p. 16.

ۍۦε تՁॠə ߕćÀ Íࠀܐɰ. Қॢۆ Ըۻϔߕ ܓԸۆ ١ɚ (2020.3.15.)ڹ 2020ț şܵڷͿ Қॢ ۻĶ Áݓق 190ي Òۆ ܁

҃şց ҙЛ şցČśܼॡİ˞ۋ ֪ԺʼؽɰČ ҃ʪ॰ɰ. ۋر ʴ

҃ʪə ۋ şցČśܼॡİə ܳڅ ėغݓĵ, Ȭߥݓً, սԓşݓق

޻Ժʼؽڷ϶, ݓ֩ą܃֨ʂ, ܁҃ԓغ֨ʂۍ ١ɚǨ ԐধԦটۆ Ͽ˜ қآقԴ ܁҃şցۆ ًॣۋ ǨͿ ȭ؉ÀČ ەəʚ ϑࠀ Ϳʴ ɾقԴ ۻĶۆ Ͽ˜ ʪ, ֨, ķ(ĵً)˞ق ܁҃şցۍۦتՁں Ѐۺ ڷͿ ॠə şցČśܼॡİ˞ں ԞͿ χ˚ə ܓ࠘ε ࠄ॰ɰ⁴¹⁾Č Ժ ϼ॰ɰ.

ݓѓ ɳڦۆ ܁҃şց ۍۦ تՁߕćÀ ĵ߹ʼϸԴ Ŕ ܼؖ ɳ ڦق ݚܼʼؽʏ ܁҃জ սܵۋ ۋ܃ ݓѓ ɳڦۆ ܁҃জ սܵں ȭ ێ ս ەə ۍۺ ۙڙں ঝ҃ॣ ս ەó ʼؽɰ.⁴²⁾ ̚ॢ ۻĶ ѩڦۆ

IT ۍۦ تՁߕćÀ սςʿڷͿ׆ थتę ݓѓÂۆ ܁҃ ü޲ʪ ۾

ݕۺڷͿ ܙঅݗ ìڷͿ ٚԜʽɰ.

2016țę 2021țق Ò߯ʽ ܓԸȤʴɾۆ 7޲ ʂধٮ 8޲ ʂধə

ť܁ڹ ܁ńۆ ܁҃জ ܁޾ق ʂॢ ܛ०ۺ ۋ३ٮ ॥ƍ ۤşۺ ьۻ

ćনں ۻϐॠə ʚ ܼڅॢ ধۆۋɰ. <श -3>ڹ ܓԸȤʴɾ 7޲

ʂধٮ 8޲ ʂধقԴ ܃şʽ ęॡşց ҙЛ ф ܁҃জ ěʹ ܳڅ Ǵ

ڌ˞ں ܁νॢ ìۋɰ. <श -3>ں ࣀ३ ॢɂق ࣷ؊ॣ ս ەˢۋ

7޲ ʂধق Ҽ३ 8޲ ʂধقԴ ۻъۺڷͿ ęॡşց ф ܁҃জ ьۻ

ćন սܵۋ ࡾó ߹ՙʼؽڼں ؎ ս ەɰ.

41) ۻĶÁݓق 190يÒۆ ܁҃şցҙЛ şցČśܼॡİ˞ۋ ǣ١ó ʽɰ, ܓԸۆ ١ ɚ뺸, 2020.3.15.

42) 2016ț 5ښق Ò߯ʽ 7޲ ɾʂধقԴ ޽࢘ʽ Ā܁ԴقԴ ܃şʽ սψڹ ęॡşցҙ Л ę܃˞ ܼ ॠǣͿ ʪ, ֨, ķ˞قԴ ۙş ݓًۆ ą܃ьۻę ۍлԦটॳԜں ęॡ şցۺڷͿ ̃нرǣÄ ս ەə ٍĵͳ͟ę Òьɳڦ˞ں ƴπ ìۋ प॥ʼر ەؽ ɰ. ۻĶۆ ʪ, ֨, ķ(ĵً) ɳڦۆ şցČśܼॡİ ֪Ժڹ 7޲ ɾʂধقԴ ܃şʽ ݓً ɳڦ ęॡşցۍۦ تՁ ę܃ε ֬ইॠə ێঞڷͿ ҇ ս ەɰ.

ڍԸ Àۤ ࢀ ޲ۋə 7޲ ʂধقԴə ęॡşցÌĶۋ͆ə ߪۺ Ѐ शÀ ܃֨ʻʏ ìق ъ३ 8޲ ʂধقԴə ЀशÀ ࣢܁ʼر ܃֨ʼݓ

؍ؕɰ. Ճҙ ę܃˞Ϳ ˞رÀϸ 7޲ ʂধقԴə ܛ०ۺۋČ й͒

ݓॳۺۋ϶ ֪ۙÇ Ȋ࠘ə ćনۋؽɰə ɗǟۋ ˚ə ъϸق, 8޲

ʂধقԴə ҙқۺۋČ ֨śॢ ɾϸ Л܃˞ ܼ֮ۆ ćনۋ͆ə ۍ Ԝۋ ˜ɰ. Қॢۋ ߌॢ ই֬ۆ ܓæę ঞąں ČͲ॰ں ˺ ١০Ͳ

7޲ ʂধۆ ьۻćনۋ ݓǣ࠘ó ۋԜܳۆۺۍ(idealistic) ݓॳۋؽ

ʏ ìߌͤ ҃ۍɰ.

8޲ ʂধقԴ ޽࢘ʽ ęॡşց ҙЛۆ ćনę ę܃˞ۋ ۋۻ ʂধ

ق Ҽ३ ࡾó ߹ՙʽ ìڹ ʂধۆ Ԑغߪজ ҃ČقԴ ݓǦ ֨ş ęॡ

şցۋ ֬ݓ ǣ͆ۆ ą܃Ԑغں þۍॠə ًॣں ॠݓ Їॠٕɰ⁴³⁾

Č ݓۺॢ ìę ěʹۋ ەɰ. ۙͳÚԦ, ۙśۙܔ ȤԸۆ ą܃ьۻ

5Òț ćনں սॱॠə ʚ èνə ęॡşցۺ Л܃ε ३Āॠə ìڷ

Ϳ ęॡşց ҙЛۆ ЀशÀ ܓ܁ʼؽɰ.

8޲ ʂধۆ Ā΁قԴ ť܁ڹ ߪҼԴÀ ڍνۆ Ǵҙۺ ৪ں ۻϸ

ۺڷͿ ܁ν܁ʬॠČ ۦठՁॠ϶ Ŕق ࢹʂॠي Ͽ˜ Ǧěں ܁ϸ ʮࣷॠϸԴ ԞͿڏ ۻݕۆ ţں َرǣÀآ ॢɰə ìۋ ɾۆ ۆݓ

͆Č ϊॠ϶, ęॡşց ҙЛقԴ ą܃ьۻۆ ԞͿڏ 5Òțćনں ɵՁॠş ڦॢ ܼ۾ę܃, ٍĵę܃˞ں ęȚڷͿ ܁ॠČ يşق ͳ

͟ں ݚܼॠيآ ॢɰČ ܳЛॢ ìڹ Қॢ ęॡşց ҙЛۋ ߌॢ

ই֬ۺ ܓæę ই֬ں ي֬০ ҃يܵɰ.⁴⁴⁾ ۋ͠ॢ ԜডقԴ ܁҃জ ҙЛ, ࣢০ ICT ьۻ ę܃(ࣀ֪ۍ॒͆ şց ÒԸę ޲Ճʂࣀ֪ڷͿ

ۆ ۋॱ)À ĵߕۺڷͿ ۺ֨ʽ ìڹ Ŕχࢂ ICT ҙЛۆ ই֬ۺ սڅ

ٮ څĵÀ ȭɰə ìں ѓݒॢɰ.

43) ڍν ֩ ԐধܳۆæԺں Ԟ ֧νقͿ ۍʪॠə ڦʂॢ ࣊ۮÌͺ ܓԸͿʴɾ ܃8޲

ʂধقԴ ॠ֪ ąؙॠə ť܁ڹʴݓۆ ҃Čق ʂॠي, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2021.1.9.

44) ܓԸͿʴɾ ܃8޲ʂধقԴ ॢ Ā΁, Ϳʴ֪Л뺸, 2021.1.13.